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International Journal of Theoretical Physics

Quantum Oblivious Transfer Based on Entanglement Swapping

Xinglan Zhang, Fei Chen, Yankun Guo, Feng Zhang, D. Li

Published Aug 18, 2023• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10773-023-05443-4

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Oblivious transfer (OT) is an essential building block for secure multiparty computation. Up to now, one- and two-server OT protocols have been investigated. It has been proven that unconditionally secure one-server OT is impossible even with the quantum system. Recently, Hayashi and Song proposed the first two-server OT protocol for quantum messages [Adv. Quantum Technol. 7, 2300184 (2024)], which is the only one for two-server OT for quantum messages to our knowledge. This protocol has the assumption that two quantum servers do not communicate with each other. However, it is unrealistic to make such an assumption. In addition, an equation error occurs in the protocol description. To tackle these issues, we first point out the equation error existent in the protocol of Hayashi and Song and correct it. Then, we propose a two-server OT protocol for quantum messages by using entanglement swapping. Security analysis shows that the user privacy holds even if the two quantum servers communicate mutually.
The Oblivious Transfer (OT) is a typical foundation agreement of secure multi-party computations. It can be used to solve the “ Millionaire” interesting question raised by the winner of the Turing Award in 1982, Mr. Yao , thus to build more complex secure multi-party computation protocol or to solve practical problems,such as electronic voting, elections, e-commerce. Using of the quantum channel and the principles of the quantum mechanics , Quantum Oblivious Transfer (QOT) can be solve the classic oblivious transfer problems. QOT can be achieved higher security and higher efficiency than the Classic Oblivious Transfer, while it also has a unique advantage in found eavesdropping. We had given a very novel QOT scheme based on three-particle entangled states. Although the use more particles , the process is better concise.