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Physical Review A

Reconfigurable valley topological QED platform for qubit operation

Junhua Dong, Bingsuo Zou, Yongyou Zhang

Published Aug 17, 2023• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Multifarious topological crystals are extensively explored because of their unique advantages in manipulating wave transport and immunity against local perturbations. Most of them are studied, however, in feature-fixed systems and therefore, commonly have a challenge in application that requires tunability, such as quantum switches, tunable quantum routers, and quantum storage and reading. Here, we theoretically suggest a reconfigurable valley topological quantum electrodynamics (QED) platform scheme based on the honeycomb lattice of Jaynes-Cummings emitters, which can be implemented by cavity- or circuit-QED cells. Based on such a reconfigurable platform, this work first designs a tunable topological quantum router and then demonstrates how to achieve topological quantum storage and reading in theory. They both signify the remarkable potential of the suggested reconfigurable topological QED platform for qubit operation.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.108.023513

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Multifarious topological crystals are extensively explored because of their unique advantages in manipulating wave transport and immunity against local perturbations. Most of them are studied, however, in feature-fixed systems and therefore, commonly have a challenge in application that requires tunability, such as quantum switches, tunable quantum routers, and quantum storage and reading. Here, we theoretically suggest a reconfigurable valley topological quantum electrodynamics (QED) platform scheme based on the honeycomb lattice of Jaynes-Cummings emitters, which can be implemented by cavity- or circuit-QED cells. Based on such a reconfigurable platform, this work first designs a tunable topological quantum router and then demonstrates how to achieve topological quantum storage and reading in theory. They both signify the remarkable potential of the suggested reconfigurable topological QED platform for qubit operation.
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The recent rapid advancement in the ability to create and manipulate superconducting qubit systems has created an exciting opportunity to construct quantum materials from the ground up, artificial atom by atom. This thesis will explore the creation of a new architecture of quantum simulation in which we use the circuit quantum electrodynamics toolbox to build quantum topological materials that so far have proven difficult to understand with theory, simulate with computational methods, and realize/measure with other quantum systems. Specifically we design a two-dimensional material in which microwave photons living in a superconducting 3D microwave cavity lattice interact strongly with a time-reversal symmetry breaking magnetic field and with each other. This is the first photonic topological lattice platform compatible with strong interactions. The combination of these interactions will enable the study of fractional quantum Hall systems, where fractionally charged particles called anyons are theorized to exist. This thesis describes how to engineer a tunable, low loss microwave lattice, create a magnetic field for chargeless photons using ferrite crystals, and generate inter-particle interactions using Josephson junction transmon qubits.
The development of practical quantum computers hinges critically on the ability to reliably store and retrieve quantum information – a challenge known as quantum memory. Current quantum computing approaches face significant decoherence issues, limiting the duration and fidelity of quantum computations. This work investigates the potential of utilizing topological quantum states, specifically Majorana fermions, as a foundation for robust quantum memory architectures. We explore theoretical designs leveraging the unique topological protection inherent in these states, aiming to mitigate decoherence and enable long-term quantum storage. This research presents a novel approach to quantum memory that directly addresses the fundamental limitations of conventional qubit technologies. The core concept revolves around encoding quantum information within the non-local properties of Majorana fermions, offering a pathway towards fault-tolerant quantum storage. The presented architectures focus on creating and manipulating these states to perform quantum memory operations, and the underlying mathematical framework is detailed throughout this document. The investigation considers various approaches to controlling and reading out the state of Majorana fermions, and outlines the key challenges and potential solutions for realizing such a system.
Engineering the on-site frequencies of a photonic lattice provides a powerful route to endow emitted photons with non-trivial dynamical and topological properties, reshaping the way a coupled qubit decays. This thesis investigates the emission dynamics of a qubit weakly coupled to photonic lattices hosting such synthetic potentials, showing how the resulting band structure dictates qualitatively distinct regimes of light-matter interaction.In the first part, we study a qubit coupled to a one-dimensional coupled-cavity array with a linear gradient in the cavity frequencies, which acts on photons as a synthetic force FFF. For strong FFF, emission becomes reversible and is captured by an effective Jaynes--Cummings model, producing a chiral, time-periodic excitation of an extended region of the array, either to the right or to the left of the qubit depending on its frequency. For weak FFF, the decay is non-Markovian and exhibits revivals reminiscent of atoms between mirrors, even though no mirrors are present: the finite bandwidth confines the emitted photon, and the dynamics is well described by a delay differential equation in which the amplitude and period of Bloch oscillations play the role of cavity length and round-trip time.In the second part, we move to two dimensions and couple a giant atom, a qubit with multiple, spatially separated coupling points, non-locally to a honeycomb lattice of resonators with detuned sublattice frequencies. By suitably arranging the coupling points, the giant atom selectively addresses a single valley, a capability unattainable with a local emitter. This valley-selective coupling endows the emitted photons with an effective valley-polarized Berry curvature, giving rise to valley-polarized edge modes at domain walls between regions of opposite sublattice detuning. As a consequence, a giant atom placed near such a domain wall exhibits chiral emission of valley-polarized photons without breaking time-reversal symmetry, suggesting a natural implementation in circuit QED.Together, these results establish synthetic potentials in photonic lattices as a versatile tool for controlling qubit emission, linking waveguide QED to Bloch-oscillation physics and to valleytronics.
We propose schemes to realize robust quantum states transfer between distant resonators using the topological edge states of a one-dimensional circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) lattice. Analyses show that the distribution of edge states can be regulated accordingly with the on-site defects added on the resonators. And we can achieve different types of quantum state transfer without adjusting the number of lattices. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the on-site defects can be used as a change-over switch for high-fidelity single-qubit and two-qubit quantum states transfer. This work provides a viable prospect for flexible quantum state transfer in solid-state topological quantum system.