Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Tunable Rydberg–Rydberg transitions in helium with reduced sensitivity to dc electric fields by two-colour microwave dressing

L L Brown, S. D. Hogan

Published Aug 9, 2023• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The difference in the static electric dipole polarizabilities of the 1 s 55 s 3 S 1 and 1 s 56 s 3 S 1 Rydberg levels in helium has been eliminated by dressing the atom with a microwave field near resonant with the single-photon 1 s 55 s 3 S 1 → 1 s 55 p 3 P J transition. For an 2.82 m V c m − 1 amplitude dressing field, detuned by 2 π × 10 M H z from the zero-field 1 s 55 s 3 S 1 → 1 s 55 p 3 P 2 transition frequency, the dc Stark shift of the two-photon 1 s 55 s 3 S 1 <

DOI
10.1088/1361-6455/aceeda

Related papers

Rydberg atoms with a reduced sensitivity to dc and low-frequency electric fields

Lucas Alexander Jones, J. D. Carter, J. D. D. Martin

A nonresonant microwave dressing field at $38.465\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GHz}$ was used to eliminate the static electric dipole moment difference between the $49{s}_{1/2}$ and $48{s}_{1/2}$ Rydberg states of ${}^{87}$Rb in dc fields of $\ensuremath{\approx}1\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{cm}$. The reduced susceptibility to electric field fluctuations was measured using two-photon microwave spectroscopy. An anomalous spectral doublet is attributed to polarization ellipticity in the dressing field. The demonstrated ability to inhibit static dipole moment differences, while retaining sensitivity to high frequency fields, is applicable to sensors and/or quantum devices using Rydberg atoms.

arXiv:1301.4170•Physical Review A•Feb 26, 2013•35 citations

Demonstration of a tunable interface between Rydberg atoms and superconducting microwave circuits with differential polarizability nulling

L. L. Brown, J. A. L. Grondin, S. D. Hogan

Microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms in pairs of states that are optically accessible and engineered so that the frequency of the transition between them is tunable while exhibiting a low sensitivity to stray electric fields have been interfaced with a superconducting coplanar waveguide (CPW) microwave resonator. This was achieved with helium atoms in triplet Rydberg states with principal quantum numbers n = 55 and 56. The atoms were dressed with two strong microwave fields—a control field and a differential polarizability nulling field. The control field allowed the atoms to be coupled to the resonator using the two-color two-photon transition between the equal parity 1 s 55 s S 1 3 ≡ | 55 s 〉 and 1 s 56 s S 1 3 ≡ | 56 s 〉 Rydberg states, with one photon supplied by it and the other provided by the resonator. The nulling field was detuned from the field-free 1 s 55 s S 1 3 → 1 s 55 p P J 3 ≡ | 55 p 〉 transition to admix | 55 p 〉 character into the | 55 s 〉 state and eliminate the differential static electric dipole polarizability of the | 55 s 〉 and | 56 s 〉 states. The experiments were performed with atoms located ∼ 300 µ m above a λ / 4 niobium nitride superconducting CPW resonator operated at temperatures between 3.59 and 3.73 K . The measured ac and dc Stark shifts of the Rydberg states at this atom-circuit interface in the presence of the dressing fields are in good quantitative agreement with the results of Floquet calculations. The differential polarizability nulling fields used in the experiments allowed the difference in the Stark shifts of the | 55 s 〉 and | 56 s 〉 states over the range of dc fields offset from the residual stray field by ± 65 mV/cm to be reduced from 2 π × 2.1 MHz to 2 π × 125 kHz. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Physical Review A•Aug 19, 2024•4 citations

Reducing the sensitivity of Rydberg atoms to dc electric fields using two-frequency ac field dressing

Donald W. Booth, Joshua Isaacs, Mark E. Saffman

We propose a method for reducing the sensitivity of atomic ground-to-Rydberg transitions to stray dc electric fields, using microwave-induced dressing of Rydberg states. Calculations are presented for the Cs $90{S}_{1/2}$ and $90{P}_{3/2}$ states. With zero dc bias electric field, a two-frequency ac field is used to simultaneously reduce the sensitivity of both states to dc field variations. The sensitivity reduction is a factor of 95 for the $90{S}_{1/2}$ state and a factor of 1600 for the $90{P}_{3/2},{m}_{J}=3/2$ state. We also show how the two-frequency ac field can be used to cancel both second- and fourth-order terms in the polarizability of a single Rydberg state. These results are relevant to improving the stability of experiments that seek to excite Rydberg atoms in the proximity of charged surfaces.

arXiv:1709.03437•Physical Review A•Jan 26, 2018•28 citations

Use of Microwave Dressing Fields to Enhance Rydberg Atom Interactions

Joseph A. Petrus

A microwave dressing field was used to induce resonant energy transfer in translationally cold Rydberg atoms. The Rb Rydberg atoms were obtained by laser excitation of cold atoms in a magneto-optical trap. When the amplitude of a 1.356 GHz dressing field was scanned, the two-atom dipole-dipole process 43d5/2 + 43d5/2 → 45p3/2 + 41f5/2,7/2 was enhanced due to the induced degeneracy of the initial and final states. The resulting spectrum had a series of resonant field amplitudes corresponding to different magnetic sublevels possible for the states involved. The scanned field amplitude was calibrated using microwave spectroscopy of the 43d5/2− 41f transition under the influence of non-resonant dressing fields. The calibrated resonant field amplitudes agree well with ac Stark shift calculations performed using the Floquet approach. This method for enhancing interactions is complementary to dc electric field induced resonant energy transfer, but benefits from the ability to shift energy levels in either direction by choice in frequency.

•Jan 1, 2007•0 citations

Interfacing Rydberg atoms with a chip-based superconducting microwave resonator using an ac-Stark-shifted single-photon transition

L. L. Brown, I. K. Bhangoo, S. D. Hogan

Helium atoms in the 1 s 50 s S 1 3 Rydberg level have been resonantly coupled to the 2 π × 11.722 GHz second harmonic mode of a chip-based superconducting coplanar wave-guide microwave resonator. To achieve this, the single-photon electric-dipole-allowed 1 s 50 s S 1 3 → 1 s 50 p P J 3 transition was tuned into resonance with the resonator mode through the ac Stark shift induced by a second strong 2 π × 3.350 GHz microwave dressing field. The effects of this dressing field, and residual uncanceled dc electric fields at the location of the atoms close to the superconducting chip surface were interpreted with support from Floquet calculations of the energy level structure of the Rydberg states. To observe appreciable population transfer in the 1 µ s atom-resonator interaction time using this transition, which had an electric dipole moment of 1500 e a 0 , pulsed microwave fields were injected into the resonator. From the photon occupation number in the resonator mode under these conditions, the single-photon Rabi frequency associated with the coupling of the atoms to the resonator was estimated to be ∼ 2 π × 100 Hz . These results represent an important step toward operation of this Rydberg-atom–superconducting-circuit interface in the single-photon strong-coupling regime.

arXiv:2508.20292•Physical Review A•Dec 17, 2025•1 citation

Reducing Rydberg-state dc polarizability by microwave dressing

J. C. Bohorquez, Ravikumar Chinnarasu, Joshua Isaacs +4 more

The authors demonstrate a reduction of the dc polarizability of cesium atom Rydberg states in a 77-K environment utilizing microwave field dressing. The results could be useful for stabilizing Rydberg resonances against varying dc fields present near surfaces and potentially enabling the development of hybrid Rydberg-atom--superconducting-resonator quantum gates.

arXiv:2305.15200•Physical Review A•Aug 9, 2023•10 citations
Abstract The difference in the static electric dipole polarizabilities of the 1 s 55 s 3 S 1 and 1 s 56 s 3 S 1 Rydberg levels in helium has been eliminated by dressing the atom with a microwave field near resonant with the single-photon 1 s 55 s 3 S 1 → 1 s 55 p 3 P J transition. For an 2.82 m V c m − 1 amplitude dressing field, detuned by 2 π × 10 M H z from the zero-field 1 s 55 s 3 S 1 → 1 s 55 p 3 P 2 transition frequency, the dc Stark shift of the two-photon 1 s 55 s 3 S 1 <
A nonresonant microwave dressing field at 38.465GHz38.465\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GHz}38.465GHz was used to eliminate the static electric dipole moment difference between the 49s1/249{s}_{1/2}49s1/2​ and 48s1/248{s}_{1/2}48s1/2​ Rydberg states of 87{}^{87}87Rb in dc fields of $\ensuremath{\approx}1\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{cm}$. The reduced susceptibility to electric field fluctuations was measured using two-photon microwave spectroscopy. An anomalous spectral doublet is attributed to polarization ellipticity in the dressing field. The demonstrated ability to inhibit static dipole moment differences, while retaining sensitivity to high frequency fields, is applicable to sensors and/or quantum devices using Rydberg atoms.
Microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms in pairs of states that are optically accessible and engineered so that the frequency of the transition between them is tunable while exhibiting a low sensitivity to stray electric fields have been interfaced with a superconducting coplanar waveguide (CPW) microwave resonator. This was achieved with helium atoms in triplet Rydberg states with principal quantum numbers n = 55 and 56. The atoms were dressed with two strong microwave fields—a control field and a differential polarizability nulling field. The control field allowed the atoms to be coupled to the resonator using the two-color two-photon transition between the equal parity 1 s 55 s S 1 3 ≡ | 55 s 〉 and 1 s 56 s S 1 3 ≡ | 56 s 〉 Rydberg states, with one photon supplied by it and the other provided by the resonator. The nulling field was detuned from the field-free 1 s 55 s S 1 3 → 1 s 55 p P J 3 ≡ | 55 p 〉 transition to admix | 55 p 〉 character into the | 55 s 〉 state and eliminate the differential static electric dipole polarizability of the | 55 s 〉 and | 56 s 〉 states. The experiments were performed with atoms located ∼ 300 µ m above a λ / 4 niobium nitride superconducting CPW resonator operated at temperatures between 3.59 and 3.73 K . The measured ac and dc Stark shifts of the Rydberg states at this atom-circuit interface in the presence of the dressing fields are in good quantitative agreement with the results of Floquet calculations. The differential polarizability nulling fields used in the experiments allowed the difference in the Stark shifts of the | 55 s 〉 and | 56 s 〉 states over the range of dc fields offset from the residual stray field by ± 65 mV/cm to be reduced from 2 π × 2.1 MHz to 2 π × 125 kHz. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
We propose a method for reducing the sensitivity of atomic ground-to-Rydberg transitions to stray dc electric fields, using microwave-induced dressing of Rydberg states. Calculations are presented for the Cs 90S1/290{S}_{1/2}90S1/2​ and 90P3/290{P}_{3/2}90P3/2​ states. With zero dc bias electric field, a two-frequency ac field is used to simultaneously reduce the sensitivity of both states to dc field variations. The sensitivity reduction is a factor of 95 for the 90S1/290{S}_{1/2}90S1/2​ state and a factor of 1600 for the 90P3/2,mJ=3/290{P}_{3/2},{m}_{J}=3/290P3/2​,mJ​=3/2 state. We also show how the two-frequency ac field can be used to cancel both second- and fourth-order terms in the polarizability of a single Rydberg state. These results are relevant to improving the stability of experiments that seek to excite Rydberg atoms in the proximity of charged surfaces.
A microwave dressing field was used to induce resonant energy transfer in translationally cold Rydberg atoms. The Rb Rydberg atoms were obtained by laser excitation of cold atoms in a magneto-optical trap. When the amplitude of a 1.356 GHz dressing field was scanned, the two-atom dipole-dipole process 43d5/2 + 43d5/2 → 45p3/2 + 41f5/2,7/2 was enhanced due to the induced degeneracy of the initial and final states. The resulting spectrum had a series of resonant field amplitudes corresponding to different magnetic sublevels possible for the states involved. The scanned field amplitude was calibrated using microwave spectroscopy of the 43d5/2− 41f transition under the influence of non-resonant dressing fields. The calibrated resonant field amplitudes agree well with ac Stark shift calculations performed using the Floquet approach. This method for enhancing interactions is complementary to dc electric field induced resonant energy transfer, but benefits from the ability to shift energy levels in either direction by choice in frequency.
Helium atoms in the 1 s 50 s S 1 3 Rydberg level have been resonantly coupled to the 2 π × 11.722 GHz second harmonic mode of a chip-based superconducting coplanar wave-guide microwave resonator. To achieve this, the single-photon electric-dipole-allowed 1 s 50 s S 1 3 → 1 s 50 p P J 3 transition was tuned into resonance with the resonator mode through the ac Stark shift induced by a second strong 2 π × 3.350 GHz microwave dressing field. The effects of this dressing field, and residual uncanceled dc electric fields at the location of the atoms close to the superconducting chip surface were interpreted with support from Floquet calculations of the energy level structure of the Rydberg states. To observe appreciable population transfer in the 1 µ s atom-resonator interaction time using this transition, which had an electric dipole moment of 1500 e a 0 , pulsed microwave fields were injected into the resonator. From the photon occupation number in the resonator mode under these conditions, the single-photon Rabi frequency associated with the coupling of the atoms to the resonator was estimated to be ∼ 2 π × 100 Hz . These results represent an important step toward operation of this Rydberg-atom–superconducting-circuit interface in the single-photon strong-coupling regime.