Quantum computing is a potentially highly-disruptive technology for several domains across the Computer Science field. However, many technological challenges still prevent the construction of a fault-tolerant and reliable quantum computer. These challenges sparked enormous interest in the scientific community, which led to the development of several independent strands of research. Consequently, research in the quantum computing domain is fragmented, making it highly specialized. This can lead to missed opportunities in identifying valuable research directions and contributions from neighboring research areas. For these reasons, this paper provides an overview of the current state of play in quantum computing for different quantum research areas at different layers of the development stack. Furthermore, for each of them, we highlight possible new outlooks that could be pivotal in the near future.
Quantum computing is a potentially highly-disruptive technology for several domains across the Computer Science field. However, many technological challenges still prevent the construction of a fault-tolerant and reliable quantum computer. These challenges sparked enormous interest in the scientific community, which led to the development of several independent strands of research. Consequently, research in the quantum computing domain is fragmented, making it highly specialized. This can lead to missed opportunities in identifying valuable research directions and contributions from neighboring research areas. For these reasons, this paper provides an overview of the current state of play in quantum computing for different quantum research areas at different layers of the development stack. Furthermore, for each of them, we highlight possible new outlooks that could be pivotal in the near future.
Quantum computing is an emerging computational paradigm that uses the principles of quantum mechanics, including superposition, entanglement, and quantum interference, to process information in fundamentally different ways from classical computers. During the last decade, quantum computing has progressed from theoretical research toward experimental and cloud-accessible systems. Recent developments have focused on increasing the number and quality of qubits, reducing gate errors, developing quantum error correction, improving quantum software, and integrating quantum processors with classical high-performance computing systems. Despite significant progress, practical large-scale quantum computing remains challenging because quantum states are extremely sensitive to environmental disturbances, resulting in decoherence and computational errors. Other challenges include limited qubit coherence time, gate fidelity, scalability, cryogenic requirements, quantum error correction overhead, hardware connectivity, programming complexity, and the difficulty of demonstrating useful quantum advantage for real-world applications. Recent developments from major research organizations indicate a shift from simply increasing physical qubit counts toward building reliable logical qubits and fault-tolerant quantum systems. Google has reported progress toward error-corrected logical qubits, while IBM\\\'s roadmap focuses on increasingly complex processors, modular architectures, quantum-classical integration, and fault-tolerant systems. Microsoft is pursuing a topological-qubit approach aimed at scalable quantum computing. This paper reviews the current state of quantum computing, examines major technological and scientific challenges, analyzes current research directions, and identifies future opportunities in drug discovery, materials science, optimization, cryptography, artificial intelligence, finance, and scientific simulation. The study concludes that the most realistic future is likely to involve quantum-centric computing, in which quantum processors work together with classical CPUs, GPUs, high-performance computing systems, and quantum networks rather than completely replacing classical computers.
Quantum computing isn't merely another step forward in technology; it represents a leap into an entirely new paradigm for understanding information. By harnessing the strange but powerful principles of quantum mechanics, quantum computers use qubits that can exist in multiple states at once, connect instantly through entanglement, and solve certain problems far faster than any classical machine. This paper explores the fundamentals of quantum computing, from its theoretical roots to the breakthroughs and setbacks shaping its present. We examine the engineering and scientific challenges - from fragile qubits to daunting scalability issues - and the immense promise they hold for fields like cryptography, artificial intelligence, drug discovery, and materials science. Finally, we consider the future impact of this technology, both its opportunities and its risks, and how it may redefine industries, research methods, and even our approach to solving humanity's hardest problems. The purpose of this paper is to examine the fundamental principles, developmental trajectory, current challenges, and prospective impacts of quantum computing across scientific, industrial, and societal domains. Given its potential to reshape computational capabilities and address complex global challenges, this study holds significance for researchers, policymakers, and industry leaders seeking to understand and navigate the transition toward quantum technologies.
This survey report presents an overview of the field of quantum computing, focusing on the application of quantum technologies in machine learning, deep learning, image processing, and other related areas. A comprehensive analysis of research papers published between 2005 and 2022 is conducted, covering the latest advancements in quantum-based techniques. The report provides insights into various types of quantum technologies, including quantum machine learning, deep learning, computing, learning, and image processing. The survey encompasses a wide range of topics, such as quantum algorithms, quantum data encoding, quantum feature extraction, quantum neural networks, quantum image recognition, quantum optimization, and quantum simulations. It also identifies the emerging trends, challenges, and future research directions in this rapidly evolving field. The findings of this survey report are expected to provide valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers interested in the field of quantum and its applications in machine learning, deep learning, image processing, and related areas. Comprehensive analysis of the research papers and the identification of the current trends and challenges in this field can serve as a valuable reference for future research and development in the quantum computing domain.
With high density and high performance applications, classical CMOS technology's drawbacks may be addressed via a method called quantum computing. This research is attracting more and more scholarly/technically focused on core area of QC and attention on its challenges because to its potential to revolutionize the current computing environment. This paper looks/finds at the many technologies that support quantum computing and provides a brief overview of its fundamental concepts. The resources, which include quantum programming languages, simulators, hardware platforms, and software development kits, have made it possible to conduct cutting-edge research and explore the seemingly endless potential of quantum computing. It also covers the most recent developments, challenges that persist, ongoing progress, and possible futures applications and challenges in this quickly changing field.
There are signs that we are approaching a technical revolution that might take humankind’s computational capabilities to a new level. Quantum Computing leverages the principles of quantum mechanics, enabling the computational power to solve specific problems currently intractable for classical computers (e.g., cracking cryptographic keys). Since we are getting to a point where we can no longer build smaller, more powerful, more efficient devices with conventional methodologies, we need to think of new ways for technological progress. The manufacturing of microchips is reaching its limits in the use of traditional architectures. Hence, new and more advanced technologies need to address the challenges of increasing energy consumption and data processing. Connectivity, scalable architectures and concepts like Cloud Computing and Software-as-a-Service have already helped to scale computational-intense applications in the last years and have attracted the interest of IS researchers (e.g., Benlian et al. 2009 ; Benlian et al. 2018 ; Messerschmidt and Hinz 2013 ). Looking ahead to the next generation, computing will comprise technologies that enable high-performance applications far beyond today’s possibilities. One prominent example with a disruptive potential is Quantum Computing. While there are abundant open questions and directions for further developments, researchers in this area have made substantial progress in the last decade, indicating that, after medical imaging, lasers, and superconductors, another quantum-technological innovation might be approaching. We, therefore, intend to provide an overview of the current state of Quantum Computing research and outline how this new technology might stimulate research in Information Systems.
Quantum theory and quantum computing in recent years, has raised more and more increasing interest within the scientific community because of various reasons. First, the highly interdisciplinary nature of the subject which involves diverse topics such as, on the theoretical side, information theory and foundational issues of quantum mechanics and on the experimental side, the physics of quantum, optical, atomic and solid state systems. Secondly, the field is extremely promising for revolutionary technological implications in the near future. It is now perfectly clear that one can use quantum mechanics to process and transmit information in a way which does not have a classical analogue, and that using quantum techniques one can implement fully secure cryptographic systems. Recent breakthroughs, such as quantum teleportation, have led to extremely rapid progresses in a fascinating new field and, as a consequence, have attracted the interest of many scientists from varied disciplines. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview about the deep involvement of quantum theory in quantum computation to young researchers and newcomers in the field.