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Scientific Reports

Coherent control of light-induced torque on four-level tripod atom systems

Ali Mehdinejad

Published Jul 20, 2023• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper investigates the manipulation of induced torque on a four-level tripod atom system through the interaction with two vortex probe beams featuring spatial inhomogeneity, along with a non-vortex control beam. The study explores both the linear and nonlinear regimes of torque induction. In the linear regime, where the intensity of the vortex beams is weaker than that of the control field, effective control over the induced torque is demonstrated by adjusting parameters such as magnetic field strength, control field intensity, detuning, and dephasing terms between relevant atomic levels. The analysis highlights the significant contribution of the Zeeman shift-induced magnetic field, which enhances the torque and exhibits a distinct sharp peak. Furthermore, higher-order contributions to the induced torque are discussed as the intensity of the probe fields approaches that of the control field, resulting in further enhancement of the induced torque. These findings offer opportunities for precise control over the rotational motion of atoms within the system, with potential applications in precision measurement, quantum information processing, and quantum control.

DOI
10.1038/s41598-023-38866-4

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This paper investigates the manipulation of induced torque on a four-level tripod atom system through the interaction with two vortex probe beams featuring spatial inhomogeneity, along with a non-vortex control beam. The study explores both the linear and nonlinear regimes of torque induction. In the linear regime, where the intensity of the vortex beams is weaker than that of the control field, effective control over the induced torque is demonstrated by adjusting parameters such as magnetic field strength, control field intensity, detuning, and dephasing terms between relevant atomic levels. The analysis highlights the significant contribution of the Zeeman shift-induced magnetic field, which enhances the torque and exhibits a distinct sharp peak. Furthermore, higher-order contributions to the induced torque are discussed as the intensity of the probe fields approaches that of the control field, resulting in further enhancement of the induced torque. These findings offer opportunities for precise control over the rotational motion of atoms within the system, with potential applications in precision measurement, quantum information processing, and quantum control.
We investigate the generation of optical torque in coherently prepared multi-level atomic media driven by a vector vortex beam composed of two counter-rotating components carrying opposite orbital angular momenta, +lℏ+l\hbar+lℏ and −lℏ-l\hbar−lℏ. We consider a three-level ΛΛΛ configuration and a four-level tripod configuration. Using a perturbative steady-state solution of the optical Bloch equations, we obtain analytical expressions for both linear and nonlinear contributions to the optical torque. The results show that the torque is strongly controlled by atomic coherence, including the initial population imbalance and the relative phase between the vortex components. Nonvanishing torque can arise even when the two components have equal amplitudes, due to coherence-induced asymmetry in the atomic response. In the tripod configuration, the presence of a strong control field leads to electromagnetically induced transparency, which suppresses the torque near resonance and shifts the dominant response to finite detunings. These results establish a route for controlling light-induced rotational dynamics in atomic media using vector vortex fields, with potential applications in coherent optical manipulation and angular-momentum-based control in quantum systems.
Abstract This paper investigates the dynamics of induced torque in Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers interacting with two weak optical vortex beams as well as a strong control field, exploring the impact of different system parameters such as control field intensity, detuning, magnetic field, and vortex beam strength. We find a dispersive torque behavior, indicating the sensitivity of NV centers to control parameters. Magnetic field induces level splitting, leading to a transformative effect on torque, with notable enhancements observed at specific intensities. Additionally, non-resonant torque is explored, demonstrating the controllability of torque peaks through magnetic field manipulation. Unequal strengths of vortex beams is found to yield substantial enhancements in torque. These results provide crucial insights into the induced torque dynamics in NV centers, presenting opportunities for optimized torque-based applications in quantum systems.
We investigate a phase-controllable mechanism for generating optical torque in a five-level double-tripod (DT) atom-light coupling scheme interacting with four strong coherent control fields as well as two weak optical vortex probe beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM). The spatial phase gradients of the OAM-carrying probes induce a quantized torque that is transferred to the atoms, rotating them and generating a directed atomic flow within an annular geometry. Analytical solutions of the optical Bloch equations under steady-state conditions show that the induced torque and resulting rotational motion exhibit high sensitivity to phase variations. We show that the DT system coherently reconfigures into either coupled Λ or double-Λ schemes depending on the relative phases, with each configuration exhibiting distinct quantized torque characteristics. This enables precise phase control of the atomic current flow, with potential applications in quantum control, precision measurement, and quantum information processing.
This study investigates the induced torque on a quantum well (QW) system under the influence of optical vortex beams, exploring its dependence on various system parameters. Numerical simulations reveal distinct behaviors of the torque function concerning detunings, coupling field intensity, decay rates, and probability amplitudes of quantum states. The torque exhibits quantized characteristics, with its magnitude varying significantly based on these parameters. Specifically, the torque reaches maximum values under specific conditions of negative probe detuning and optimal signal field intensity, forming pronounced doughnut-shaped patterns indicative of optical dipole potential traps. These findings underscore the intricate interplay between light–matter interactions and mechanical responses, offering insights into optimizing QW systems for advanced technological applications.
In this work, we explore a tunable scheme for achieving precise two-dimensional (2D) atomic localization in a four-level tripod atomic system. The system is driven by two control fields with orbital angular momentum and a weak probe field. By varying the azimuthal quantum numbers, spatial phase shifts, and atomic decay rates, we demonstrate controlled manipulation of atomic localization with high spatial precision. The interaction of structured light fields with the atomic system generates interference patterns that result in sharp localization peaks in the 2D plane. The study investigates the effects of varying the control parameters, such as phase shifts and decay rates, on the number, spacing, and sharpness of these localization peaks. Notably, optimized parameters lead to the formation of a single, highly localized transmission peak, enabling subwavelength spatial resolution. Our results have significant implications for applications in atom lithography, precision spectroscopy, and quantum state engineering, offering a flexible method for precise control of atomic positions in quantum systems.
Abstract In this article, Spin density and Torque of two interfering waves are controlled and manipulated by applying two interacting control fields and a probe field using a four-level N-type atomic configuration of Rubidium-87 isotope. The spin density of light can be controlled coherently in the atomic medium by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). When the strong interacting control fields and the weak probe field are applied to the atomic medium, the Rubidium atoms become transparent to the probe field. It is due to the control fields that "dress" the atoms, creating a new energy state that the weak probe field can interact with. As a result, the weak probe field can pass through the Rubidium atomic medium without being absorbed. Substantial variations can be seen in the electric SAM and Torque of two interfering waves with variations in the angle β\betaβ between the two interfering waves, the Rabi frequencies of the control fields, the detuning of the probe field, and the phase difference δϕ\delta \phiδϕ between waves. By introducing these changes of parameters in the atomic medium, the spin density of two interfering waves can be made to rotate in a specific direction or at a specific rate. The parameters of control fields and probe field detuning play an essential role in the modification of electric SAM and electric spin vector field distribution of the probe field. The modified work of this manuscript is useful for Quantum computing, Optical communication, Quantum information processing. Key Words: Dynamical properties of light, Electric spin density, Two-wave interference, coherent control, Four-level N-type atomic configuration