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Physical Review A

Emission of an atom inside a one-dimensional atomic cavity

Chaofan Zhou, Yusef Maleki, Zeyang Liao, Muhammad Suhail Zubairy

Published Jul 18, 2023• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the emission of a single-photon by a two-level emitter inside an atomic cavity consisting of two atomic mirrors coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. With proper atomic separations, we realize a frequency comb as well as spectrum narrowing in the waveguide with the symmetric setting, and also unidirectional spectrum narrowing with asymmetric parameters. Within a suitable range, we can control the central frequency of the narrowed spectra by modulating atomic separations. Due to the collective interaction among the emitters, entanglement sudden birth and revival are observed between the mirrors.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.108.013708

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We study the emission of a single-photon by a two-level emitter inside an atomic cavity consisting of two atomic mirrors coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. With proper atomic separations, we realize a frequency comb as well as spectrum narrowing in the waveguide with the symmetric setting, and also unidirectional spectrum narrowing with asymmetric parameters. Within a suitable range, we can control the central frequency of the narrowed spectra by modulating atomic separations. Due to the collective interaction among the emitters, entanglement sudden birth and revival are observed between the mirrors.
We study the decay of a single-photon pulse inside a cavity consisting of two atomic mirrors coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. The finesse of the cavity can be increased with proper choice of coupling strength, cavity length, spontaneous decay rate, and separation between atoms. The loss rate of a single-photon pulse inside the cavity can be decreased with narrower spectrum width and smaller detuning between the photon pulse and the atomic resonance. The decay of a single-photon pulse in the atomic cavity can be significantly slowed down with proper parameters and the increase of the number of atoms within the atomic mirrors.
An atomic chain coupled to a one-dimensional (1D) photonic waveguide can become a very good atom mirror. This atom mirror can have a very high reflectivity for a single-photon pulse due to the collective interaction between the atoms. Two atom arrays coupled to a 1D waveguide can form a good cavity. When a single-photon pulse is incident from one side of the cavity, only a discrete subset of photon frequencies can transmit the cavity and the transmitted frequencies are almost equally spaced, which is similar to a frequency comb. The linewidth of the comb frequency can be reduced if we increase the atom number in the atomic arrays. More interestingly, if the photon pulse is initially inside the cavity, the photon spectrum after a long time of interaction is also discretized with the comb frequencies being significantly amplified while other frequencies being largely suppressed. This single-photon frequency comb may be useful for precision measurement.
We investigate the spontaneous emission of a two-level system, e.g., an atom or atomlike object, coupled to a single-end, i.e., a semi-infinite, one-dimensional photonic waveguide such that one end behaves as a perfect mirror while light can pass through the opposite end with no backreflection. Through a quantum microscopic model we show that such geometry can cause nonexponential and long-lived atomic decay. Under suitable conditions, a bound atom-photon stationary state appears in the atom-mirror interspace so as to trap a considerable amount of initial atomic excitation. Yet this can be released by applying an atomic frequency shift, causing a revival of photon emission. The resilience of such effects to typical detrimental factors is analyzed.
Abstract We investigate the single-photon transport properties in a hybrid waveguide quantum electrodynamics system, in which a one-dimensional waveguide is simultaneously coupled to a cavity and a driven Λ-type three-level atom. The cavity and the atom are also coupled to each other. We show that when the waveguide is coupled to the cavity and the atom at the same point, double electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be observed from the system. The physical mechanism of the double EIT effect has been given by setting up the eigenstate structure for the whole system. When the waveguide is coupled to the cavity and the atom at different points, we demonstrate that the single-photon transmission spectra can be effectively controlled by adjusting the relative separation between the cavity and the atom. Moreover, this non-zero relative separation can lead to the occurrence of the controllable nonreciprocal scattering effect. These results have potential applications in realization of photonic coherent control.
An external mirror coupling to a cavity with a two-level atom inside is put forward to control the photon transport along a one-dimensional waveguide. Using a full quantum theory of photon transport in real space, it is shown that the Rabi splittings of the photonic transmission spectra can be controlled by the cavity-mirror couplings; the splittings could still be observed even when the cavity-atom system works in the weak coupling regime, and the transmission probability of the resonant photon can be modulated from 0 to 100%. Additionally, our numerical results show that the appearance of Fano resonance is related to the strengths of the cavity-mirror coupling and the dissipations of the system. An experimental demonstration of the proposal with the current photonic crystal waveguide technique is suggested.