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Chinese Optics Letters

Shape-preserving storage of elegant Ince-Gaussian modes in warm atomic vapor

Zehao Shen, Chengyuan Wang, Yun Chen, Qifan Wu, Ye Yang, Xin Yang, Hong Gao, Fuli Li

Published Jan 1, 2023• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Multimode photonic quantum memory could enhance the information processing speed in a quantum repeater-based quantum network.A large obstacle that impedes the storage of the spatial multimode in a hot atomic ensemble is atomic diffusion, which severely disturbs the structure of the retrieved light field.In this paper, we demonstrate that the elegant Ince-Gaussian (eIG) mode possesses the ability to resist such diffusion.Our experimental results show that the overall structure of the eIG modes under different parameters maintains well after microseconds of storage.In contrast, the standard IG modes under the same circumstance are disrupted and become unrecognizable.Our findings could promote the construction of quantum networks based on room-temperature atoms.

DOI
10.3788/col202321.072701

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Multimode photonic quantum memory could enhance the information processing speed in a quantum repeater-based quantum network.A large obstacle that impedes the storage of the spatial multimode in a hot atomic ensemble is atomic diffusion, which severely disturbs the structure of the retrieved light field.In this paper, we demonstrate that the elegant Ince-Gaussian (eIG) mode possesses the ability to resist such diffusion.Our experimental results show that the overall structure of the eIG modes under different parameters maintains well after microseconds of storage.In contrast, the standard IG modes under the same circumstance are disrupted and become unrecognizable.Our findings could promote the construction of quantum networks based on room-temperature atoms.
Quantum memory is one of the key components constituting a quantum network. An important step towards the successful development of such a network is the storage of single photons. Encoding photons in high-dimensional photonic states can significantly increase the network's information-carrying capacity. Furthermore, quantum memories that are able to store multiple optical modes offer advantages over single-mode memories, in terms of both speed and capacity. However, a practical implementation of such a scheme for storing and retrieving multiple images at the single-photon level has not yet been achieved. Here, we provide experimental evidence that two spatial probe fields imprinted with a real image each can be stored and retrieved with good visibility and similarity at the single-photon level in a 85{}^{85}85Rb cold atomic ensemble, making use of electromagnetically induced transparency. Our results are very promising for the realization of a high-dimensional quantum network in the future.
Quantum memory is one of key ingredients consisting of quantum networks, therefore storing light at single photon level is an important step for realizing quantum networks. A photon, encoded in a high-dimensional state, can significantly increase the information capacity that a photon can carry. Furthermore, quantum memories with the ability to store multiple optical modes offer advantages in speed and robustness over single mode memories in quantum communication and computation. So far, there is no any report about the storage and retrieval of multiple mode images at single photon level. Here, we give a first experimental demonstration to our best knowledge, that two spatial probe fields at single photon level, each imprinted a real image, can be stored and retrieved with a considerable visibility and similarity through electromagnetically induced transparency in cold atomic ensemble. The accomplishment of multiple modes quantum image memory would move closer towards high dimensional quantum networks.
In this paper, an optical memory based on an ensemble of cold Cesium atoms interacting with light in the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) regime is studied in view of spatially multimode quantum storage. The interfacing protocol involves a control field, generating EIT for the very weak field that carries the quantum signal to be stored and enabling its mapping into the collective hyperfine coherence of the cold atomic ensemble. For the demonstration of multimode storage, the signal pulse at the single photon level is prepared in a mode with (OAM), while the control field is in a TEM00 mode. After the writing process, the information is kept in the memory register. In the retrieval phase, the information is read back from atoms to light and we show that these pulses at the single photon level with OAM can be stored and retrieved with a preserved spatial phase and a good efficiency.
We study spatial multimode quantum memories based on light storage in extended ensembles of Λ-type atoms. We show that such quantum light-matter interfaces allow for highly efficient storage of many spatial modes. In particular, forward operating memories possess excellent scaling with the important physical parameters: quadratic scaling with the Fresnel number and even cubic with the optical depth of the atomic ensemble. Thus, the simultaneous use of both the longitudinal and transverse shape of the stored spin wave modes constitutes a valuable and so far overlooked resource for multimode quantum memories.
A quantum memory is a key component for quantum networks, which will enable the distribution of quantum information. Its successful development requires storage of single-photon light. Encoding photons with spatial shape through higher-dimensional states significantly increases their information-carrying capability and network capacity. However, constructing such quantum memories is challenging. Here we report the first experimental realization of a true single-photon-carrying orbital angular momentum stored via electromagnetically induced transparency in a cold atomic ensemble. Our experiments show that the non-classical pair correlation between trigger photon and retrieved photon is retained, and the spatial structure of input and retrieved photons exhibits strong similarity. More importantly, we demonstrate that single-photon coherence is preserved during storage. The ability to store spatial structure at the single-photon level opens the possibility for high-dimensional quantum memories. Photonic quantum memories are necessary for quantum information networks and can be built using cold atomic gases. In this work, Ding et al. show the first storage and retrieval of single photons carrying orbital angular momentum using electromagnetically induced transparency in a cold rubidium ensemble.