Quantum computing has recently become an effective technology for tackling the drawbacks of microwave links where these were previously almost impossible. In that context, the quantum technology has made it possible not only to design a compact size system with improved performance but also to reduce the computational power and time. This presentation aims to provide a short overview through cases studies of the recent use of quantum computing in the design of the elements employed in the receiving section of a transceiver, such as active low-noise amplifier and passive phased-array antenna. This paper encourages the future studies in the domain of quantization effect of electromagnetic energy opening the way for other applications such as quantum communications and/or quantum radar schemes.
Quantum computing has recently become an effective technology for tackling the drawbacks of microwave links where these were previously almost impossible. In that context, the quantum technology has made it possible not only to design a compact size system with improved performance but also to reduce the computational power and time. This presentation aims to provide a short overview through cases studies of the recent use of quantum computing in the design of the elements employed in the receiving section of a transceiver, such as active low-noise amplifier and passive phased-array antenna. This paper encourages the future studies in the domain of quantization effect of electromagnetic energy opening the way for other applications such as quantum communications and/or quantum radar schemes.
With high density and high performance applications, classical CMOS technology's drawbacks may be addressed via a method called quantum computing. This research is attracting more and more scholarly/technically focused on core area of QC and attention on its challenges because to its potential to revolutionize the current computing environment. This paper looks/finds at the many technologies that support quantum computing and provides a brief overview of its fundamental concepts. The resources, which include quantum programming languages, simulators, hardware platforms, and software development kits, have made it possible to conduct cutting-edge research and explore the seemingly endless potential of quantum computing. It also covers the most recent developments, challenges that persist, ongoing progress, and possible futures applications and challenges in this quickly changing field.
Abstract The field of propagating quantum microwaves is a relatively new area of research that is receiving increased attention due to its promising technological applications, both in communication and sensing. While formally similar to quantum optics, some key elements required by the aim of having a controllable quantum microwave interface are still on an early stage of development. Here, we argue where and why a fully operative toolbox for propagating quantum microwaves will be needed, pointing to novel directions of research along the way: from microwave quantum key distribution to quantum radar, bath-system learning, or direct dark matter detection. The article therefore functions both as a review of the state-of-the-art, and as an illustration of the wide reach of applications the future of quantum microwaves will open.
During the past decade, quantum computing has grown from a field known mostly for generating scientific papers to one that is poised to reshape computing as we know it [1]. Major industrial research efforts in quantum computing are currently underway at many companies, including IBM [2], Microsoft [3], Google [4], [5], Alibaba [6], and Intel [7], to name a few. The European Union [8], Australia [9], China [10], Japan [11], Canada [12], Russia [13], and the United States [14] are each funding large national research initiatives focused on the quantum information sciences. And, recently, tens of start-up companies have emerged with goals ranging from the development of software for use on quantum computers [15] to the implementation of full-fledged quantum computers (e.g., Rigetti [16], ION-Q [17], Psi-Quantum [18], and so on). However, despite this rapid growth, because quantum computing as a field brings together many different disciplines, there is currently a shortage of engineers who understand both the engineering aspects (e.g., microwave design) and the quantum aspects required to build a quantum computer [19]. The aim of this article is to introduce microwave engineers to quantum computing and demonstrate how the microwave community's expertise could contribute to that field.
This work, written for engineers or managers with no special knowledge of quantum mechanics, nor deep experience in radar, aims to help the scientific, industrial, and governmental community to better understand the basic limitations of proposed microwave quantum radar (QR) technologies and systems. Detection and ranging capabilities for QR are critically discussed and a comparison with its closest classical radar (CR), i.e., the noise radar (NR), is presented. In particular, it is investigated whether a future fielded and operating QR system might really outperform an “equivalent” classical radar, or not. The main result of this work, coherently with the recent literature, is that the maximum range of a QR for typical aircraft targets is intrinsically limited to less than one km, and in most cases to some tens of meters. Detailed computations show that the detection performance of all the proposed QR types are orders of magnitude below the ones of any much simpler and cheaper equivalent “classical” radar set, in particular of the noise radar type. These limitations do not apply to very-short-range microwave applications, such as microwave tomography and radar monitoring of heart and breathing activity of people (where other figures, such as cost, size, weight, and power, shall be taken into account). Moreover, quantum sensing at much higher frequencies (optical and beyond) is not considered here.
Fundamental physical laws dictate the performance bounds of all technologies. Over the last century, advances in nanotechnology and integrated circuits have driven the performance of communications, sensing, and computing toward these bounds. As scaling continues, classical limits are increasingly constraining further improvements. The advent of quantum technologies opens paths to overcoming some of these constraints and to building technologies that operate at the fundamental physical limits. This thesis develops a unified framework for these limits and demonstrates large-scale integrated photonic-electronic systems that approach them. In sensing, quantum phased arrays—coherent antenna arrays that transmit or receive quantum fields over free space—are introduced and demonstrated with up to 32 elements for squeezed light imaging, beamforming and beamsteering, overcoming the standard quantum limit to approach the Heisenberg limit and enabling protocols for free-space quantum sensing, quantum communications, and quantum information processing. In communications, quantum coherent transceivers are introduced and demonstrated that transmit and receive non-classical light to surpass the Shannon limit and approach the Holevo limit. In computing, large-scale crosstalk-corrected thermo-optic phase shifter arrays and a 256-element programmable photonic mesh are demonstrated, addressing the scaling challenges of integrated photonic-electronic processors. For each system, I present the underlying theory, design, experiments, and applications, and outline a vision for how these technologies can be practically deployed in the future.
The articles in this special section focus on quantum computing. After decades of research and development, quantum computing has recently grown into one of the hottest and most promising of all emerging fields. While large-scale quantum computing was just a pipe dream even a decade ago, today there is an intense race around the globe to build a practical quantum computer. So, as a microwave engineer, why should you be interested in quantum computing? It turns out that there is actually a significant amount of microwave engineering involved in the implementation of many controllable quantum systems.