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Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基于光学参量放大器反馈的非线性干涉仪

符婧 Fu Jing, 王绪彤 Wang Xutong, 刘胜帅 Liu Shengshuai, 荆杰泰 Jing Jietai

Published Jan 1, 2023• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

高精度的干涉仪在精密测量领域有着非常重要的作用。相位估计的不确定度通常用来判定一个干涉仪测量的精密程度，相位估计的不确定度越小意味着相位灵敏度越高。在理论上提出了由光学参量放大器和线性光学分束器（BS）组成的非线性干涉仪。基于热85Rb原子系综四波混频（FWM）过程的光学参量放大器用来实现干涉仪中光束的合成与分离。BS作为反馈控制器，通过控制器件的反射率，来控制FWM过程的出射光返回到入射光端口的比例。与传统干涉仪的相位灵敏度相比，通过理论计算证明了基于光学参量放大器反馈的非线性干涉仪相位灵敏度更高。本研究结果在量子精密测量领域有着潜在的研究价值。

DOI
10.3788/lop230743

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Here we investigate the Bloch oscillations (BOs) in a photonic spectral lattice created with four-wave mixing Bragg scattering (FWM-BS). By injecting a signal and two pumps with different frequencies into a silicon nitride waveguide, a spectral lattice can be created for the generated idlers through successive FWM-BS. The phase-mismatch during FWM-BS acts as an effective force that induces BOs in the spectral lattice. Both the oscillation period and amplitude are determined by the magnitude of the effective force. With cascaded FWM-BS processes, the spectrum of idlers experiences a directional shift as the phase differences of pumps are modulated. Additionally, introducing long-range couplings in the spectral lattice will change the trajectory of BOs within each period. The pattern of BOs for a single frequency input can also be tailored. This Letter provides a new platform to realize BOs in the frequency dimension and paves a promising way for broadband frequency control with all-optical schemes.
简并光学参量放大器是实验制备压缩态光场的理想方案之一，提升其量子特性对于压缩态光场在量子信息领域应用具有重要意义。本论文讨论了一种相干反馈的级联简并光学参量放大器，其利用分束器作为反馈控制器，将级联简并光学参量放大器输出的压缩态光场部分反馈回输入端口。基于光学参量放大器理论模型和分束器模型，获得了其输出压缩态光场噪声表达式，基于此研究了其输出光场压缩特性随系统物理参数的依赖关系。研究发现，在整数倍π的反馈相位下和特定的反馈强度范围内，相干反馈可进一步提升级联简并光学参量放大器输出光场的量子压缩特性。本论文研究成果可为短波长压缩态光场压缩度提升提供理论参考，为其在量子通信和量子信息领域应用奠定基础。
提出一种加入光学参数放大器的混合腔磁-腔光力系统，并研究其多窗口透明现象及快慢光转换效应。利用系统哈密顿量的动力学演化和场的输入-输出关系探究输出场的特性。数值模拟结果表明，依次加入腔-磁耦合、有效的磁-声子耦合、腔-腔耦合和有效的光力耦合时，可实现不同的透明窗口。并且，通过调节各耦合强度，能够很好地调控这些透明窗口。此外，光学参数放大器的加入使吸收谱左侧的峰值增加，这对磁力诱导透明具有一定的调控作用。通过研究不同耦合及光学参数放大器增益所诱导的系统群延迟效应，能够实现快慢光之间的转换。
We theoretically propose a scheme for generating full octapartite entanglement using two symmetric cascaded four-wave mixing (FWM) processes and one linear beam splitter (BS), in which two independent symmetric cascaded FWM processes are connected by a BS. To present the entanglement properties of the system, we first verify that the generated state is a H -graph state by exploiting the graphical calculus for Gaussian pure states, and reveal the internal interaction of the generated state by using the derived coupling strength matrix. We proceed with investigating the possibility of this scheme for generating octapartite entanglement by applying the positivity under a partial transposition criterion. The results show that there exists full octapartite entanglement in the whole gain region, and the degree of entanglement increases as the power gain increases. In addition, we investigate the effect of transmissivity of BS on the entanglement properties of the system and the dependence of bipartite entanglement on the power gain and the transmissivity of BS. Our results give a simple way to increase the scale of entanglement by linear optics and cascaded FWM processes.
As a crucial quantum resource in quantum information processing, multipartite entanglement plays an important role not only in the field of testing basic quantum effects, but also in the applications of quantum network, quantum communication and quantum computing. The generation of multipartite entanglement usually involves many complex linear processes and nonlinear processes. In this paper, we theoretically propose a scheme for generating genuine quadripartite entanglement by linking two independent four-wave mixing (FWM) processes with one linear beam splitter (BS). Here, we use one linear BS to mix the probe beams amplified by two independent FWM processes. We first set the transmissivity of the linear BS to be 0.5 and study the effect of the intensity gain of the system on quadripartite entanglement by applying the positivity under partial transposition (PPT) criterion. The results show that there exists genuine quadripartite entanglement in all gain regions, and the degree of entanglement increases with intensity gain increasing. And then, the dependence of quadripartite entanglement on the transmissivity of the linear BS is studied when the intensity gains of two independent FWM processes are both set to be 3. We find that the transmissivity of the linear BS can affect the entanglement properties of the system. At the same time, we also find that the system can generate genuine quadripartite entanglement when the transmissivity of the linear BS is not equal to 0 or 1. Finally, in order to reveal the entanglement structure of the system, we further investigate the dependence of the possible tripartite entanglement and bipartite entanglement on the intensity gain of the system by using the PPT criterion. The results show that there exists the genuine tripartite entanglement in this system, and the degree of entanglement increases as the intensity gain increases. However, there exists no genuine bipartite entanglement in this system, some of bipartite states are always separable, and the entanglement of the other bipartite states gradually become weak and eventually disappear with the increase of the intensity gain. Our theoretical result provides a simple and reliable scheme for generating genuine quadripartite entanglement by using FWM process in atomic ensemble and linear BS.
非对称量子光学研究光与物质量子相互作用中手性与非互易性及其应用，能提供对称量子光学体系没有的独特量子信息调控技术。作为其核心组成部分，手性量子光学最初源于自旋-动量锁定机制，即光的传播方向与偏振态之间的耦合。随着研究不断深入，该领域已发展出多种体现传播方向相关性的相互作用机制，包括极化-动量锁定、定向量子压缩、库工程及高维轨道角动量诱导的手性相互作用等。这些机制从不同自由度揭示了方向选择性与系统响应之间的深层耦合关系，推动了对手性与非互易物理本质的重新认识。在此基础上，本综述提出“广义手性量子光学”的分析框架，强调将自旋、传播方向与轨道角动量等自由度下的响应不对称性纳入统一范式。进一步探讨了手性机制与拓扑光子结构、非厄米系统的融合，展示了其在构建具有方向性、鲁棒性与非平衡调控能力的量子平台中的潜力。作为连接基础光学与量子信息技术的桥梁，非对称量子光学为单向光子传输、非互易量子网络与高灵敏度量子传感等方向提供了新思路，并正在向高维、集成化与可拓展化的体系演进。