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Advanced Quantum Technologies

Quantum Imaging Exploiting Twisted Photon Pairs

Dianzhen Cui, X. X. Yi, Li‐Ping Yang

Published Mar 28, 2023• 38 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Quantum correlation of two‐photon states is utilized to suppress the environmental noise in imaging down to the single‐photon level. However, the size of the coherence area of the photon pairs limits the applications of quantum imaging based on spatial correlations. Here, a quantum imaging scheme exploiting twisted photon pairs with tunable spatial‐correlation regions to circumvent this limitation is proposed. A bulk‐density coincidence is employed to enhance the imaging signal. Specifically, a re‐scaled image signal is introduced, which is immune to the background intensity distribution profile of the photon pulse. A destructive interference between the anti‐bunched photon pair and bunched photon pair in the imaging process is revealed. This work can pave a way for twisted‐photon‐based quantum holography and quantum microscopy.

DOI
10.1002/qute.202300037

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Abstract Quantum correlation of two‐photon states is utilized to suppress the environmental noise in imaging down to the single‐photon level. However, the size of the coherence area of the photon pairs limits the applications of quantum imaging based on spatial correlations. Here, a quantum imaging scheme exploiting twisted photon pairs with tunable spatial‐correlation regions to circumvent this limitation is proposed. A bulk‐density coincidence is employed to enhance the imaging signal. Specifically, a re‐scaled image signal is introduced, which is immune to the background intensity distribution profile of the photon pulse. A destructive interference between the anti‐bunched photon pair and bunched photon pair in the imaging process is revealed. This work can pave a way for twisted‐photon‐based quantum holography and quantum microscopy.
Quantum correlation of two-photon states has been utilized to suppress the environmental noise in imaging down to the single-photon level. However, the size of the coherence area of photon pairs limits the applications of quantum imaging based on spatial correlations. Here, we propose a quantum imaging scheme exploiting twisted photon pairs with tunable spatial-correlation regions to circumvent this limitation. We employ a bulk-density coincidence to enhance the imaging signal. Specifically, we introduce a re-scaled image signal, which is immune to the background intensity distribution profile of the photon pulse. We reveal a destructive interference between the anti-bunched photon pair and bunched photon pair in the imaging process. Our work could pave a way for twisted-photon-based quantum holography and quantum microscopy.
ABSTRACT Quantum imaging leverages the intrinsic sharpness of quantum correlations between entangled photon pairs, offering the potential for high spatial resolution and enhanced signal‐to‐noise performance. However, practical quantum imaging systems often suffer from complex optical architectures and long acquisition times, limiting their applicability in dynamic scenarios. In this work, we propose quantum Gabor holography (QGH) and introduce array‐based coincidence counting with joint probability analysis to directly extract the spatial correlations of entangled photon pairs. The system selectively identifies true photon‐pair events while effectively suppressing uncorrelated background photons and detector noise. Experiments confirm that correlation‐based QGH preserves intrinsic quantum spatial information, improves noise robustness, and enables reliable amplitude and phase reconstruction even under ultra‐weak photon flux. The proposed method provides an efficient and physically grounded pathway toward lensless, low‐light, and high‐resolution quantum imaging.
Abstract Quantum imaging enhances imaging systems performance, potentially surpassing fundamental limits such as noise and resolution. However, these schemes have limitations and are still a long way from replacing classical techniques. Therefore, there is a strong focus on improving the practicality of quantum imaging methods, with the goal of finding real-world applications. With this in mind, in this tutorial we describe how the concepts of classical light shaping can be applied to imaging schemes based on entangled photon pairs. We detail two basic experimental configurations in which a spatial light modulator is used to shape the spatial correlations of a photon pair state and highlight the key differences between this and classical shaping. We then showcase two recent examples that expand on these concepts to perform aberration and scattering correction with photon pairs. We include specific details on the key steps of these experiments, with the goal that this can be used as a guide for building photon-pair-based imaging and shaping experiments.
Abstract High-order quantum coherence reveals the statistical correlation of quantum particles. Manipulation of quantum coherence of light in the temporal domain enables the production of the single-photon source, which has become one of the most important quantum resources. High-order quantum coherence in the spatial domain plays a crucial role in a variety of applications, such as quantum imaging, holography, and microscopy. However, the active control of second-order spatial quantum coherence remains a challenging task. Here we predict theoretically and demonstrate experimentally the first active manipulation of second-order spatial quantum coherence, which exhibits the capability of switching between bunching and anti-bunching, by mapping the entanglement of spatially structured photons. We also show that signal processing based on quantum coherence exhibits robust resistance to intensity disturbance. Our findings not only enhance existing applications but also pave the way for broader utilization of higher-order spatial quantum coherence.
Quantum imaging enhances imaging systems performance, potentially surpassing fundamental limits such as noise and resolution. However, these schemes have limitations and are still a long way from replacing classical techniques. Therefore, there is a strong focus on improving the practicality of quantum imaging methods, with the goal of finding real-world applications. With this in mind, in this tutorial we describe how the concepts of classical light shaping can be applied to imaging schemes based on entangled photon pairs. We detail two basic experimental configurations in which a spatial light modulator is used to shape the spatial correlations of a photon pair state and highlight the key differences between this and classical shaping. We then showcase two recent examples that expand on these concepts to perform aberration and scattering correction with photon pairs. We include specific details on the key steps of these experiments, with the goal that this can be used as a guide for building photon-pair-based imaging and shaping experiments.
Quantum imaging utilises the quantum states of light to surpass the classical limits of imaging. However, in the real-world quantum imaging schemes are subject to environmental noise and losses that destroy entanglement. Quantum illumination protocols use the spatial correlations between entangled photon-pairs to enable performance enhancements despite the presence of environmental noise and losses. We demonstrate the implementation of such a protocol whose ability to distinguish a quantum signal from environmental noise improves relative to the corresponding direct imaging case as the levels of noise and loss increase. Such quantum illumination protocols should find applications in low-light imaging and quantum LIDAR schemes.