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Physical Review Applied

Decoherence-Protected Implementation of Quantum Gates

Chunfeng Wu, Chunfang Sun, Jing‐Ling Chen, X. X. Yi

Published Mar 21, 2023• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a scheme to implement a universal set of quantum gates based on achievable interactions, and the gates can be protected against decoherence through a dynamical-decoupling approach without encoding. By properly designing system evolution, the desired system interactions commute with the elements forming dynamical decoupling pulses. Thus, the effect of decoherence can be eliminated by repeatedly applying the pulses, without noticeably affecting the system evolution governed by the desired system interactions given a small enough time interval between pulses. Moreover, due to the commutation between the elements forming the pulses and the desired system interactions, our scheme is resistant to different types of decoherence, and so not limited to specific decoherence. Our scheme also works well in the case that the desired system interactions cannot be achieved ideally due to imperfect control of system parameters, through the action of dynamical-decoupling pulses.

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.19.034069

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We present a scheme to implement a universal set of quantum gates based on achievable interactions, and the gates can be protected against decoherence through a dynamical-decoupling approach without encoding. By properly designing system evolution, the desired system interactions commute with the elements forming dynamical decoupling pulses. Thus, the effect of decoherence can be eliminated by repeatedly applying the pulses, without noticeably affecting the system evolution governed by the desired system interactions given a small enough time interval between pulses. Moreover, due to the commutation between the elements forming the pulses and the desired system interactions, our scheme is resistant to different types of decoherence, and so not limited to specific decoherence. Our scheme also works well in the case that the desired system interactions cannot be achieved ideally due to imperfect control of system parameters, through the action of dynamical-decoupling pulses.
We present a scheme to implement a universal set of quantum gates based on achievable interactions, and the gates can be protected against decoherences through dynamical-decoupling approach without encoding. By properly designing system evolutions, the desired system interactions commute with the elements forming dynamical decoupling pulses. Thus, the effect of decoherences can be eliminated by repeatedly applying the pulses, without noticeably affecting the system evolutions governed by the desired system interactions given small enough time interval between pulses. Moreover, due to the commutation between the elements forming the pulses and the desired system interactions, our scheme is resistant to different types of decoherences, and so not limited to specific decoherences. Our scheme also works well in the case that the desired system interactions cannot be achieved ideally due to imperfect control of system parameters, through the action of dynamical-decoupling pulses.
Abstract A protocol for implementing a universal set of quantum gates, which are safeguarded from noise through geometric, dephasing‐free, and dynamical‐decoupling approaches is proposed. With properly designed Hamiltonians, the desired interactions are realized directly within the Schrödinger picture rather than relying on the interaction picture. This design confers two advantages. One is that the system's evolution remains continuously protected by the noise‐mitigation strategies at every stage, eliminating the need to revert to the Schrödinger picture. The other one is that the dynamical decoupling technique effectively averages out small residual free terms in the system's Hamiltonian, thus reducing the stringent requirements for precise control of system parameters to avoid errors. Furthermore, numerical results are presented to support our protocol by finding gate fidelities in the absence (presence) of noises or errors, without or with dynamical decoupling technique.
We explore the protection of quantum gates from arbitrary single- and two-qubit noises with properly designed dynamical decoupling pulses. The proposed dynamical decoupling method is a concatenation of a sequence of pulses formed by σxσ_xσx​, σxσxσ_xσ_xσx​σx​ with another sequence constructed by σzσ_zσz​, σzσzσ_zσ_zσz​σz​. The concatenation of the two sequences results in desired pulses to fight agianst any single- and two-qubit errors. The success of our method relies on the ability to adjust system parameters or interaction terms, which can be achieved in different physical systems, including trapped ions and superconducting qubits. We finally explore the performance of our method numerically with the above-mentioned errors that are changing at any moment and show the preferred protection offered by the method. Therefore, our method is a timely step forward in preserving quantum gates at the level of physical qubits.
A scheme to implement a quantum computer subjected to decoherence and governed by an untunable qubit-qubit interaction is presented. By concatenating dynamical decoupling through bang-bang (BB) pulse with decoherence-free subspaces (DFSs) encoding, we protect the quantum computer from environment-induced decoherence that results in quantum information dissipating into the environment. For the inherent qubit-qubit interaction that is untunable in the quantum system, BB control plus DFSs encoding will eliminate its undesired effect which spoils quantum information in qubits. We show how this quantum system can be used to implement universal quantum computation.
One of the biggest challenges for implementing quantum devices is the requirement to perform accurate quantum gates. The destructive effects of interactions with the environment present some of the most difficult obstacles that must be overcome for precise quantum control. In this work we implement a proof of principle experiment of quantum gates protected against a fluctuating environment and control pulse errors using dynamical decoupling techniques. We show that decoherence can be reduced during the application of quantum gates. High-fidelity quantum gates can be achieved even if the gate time exceeds the free evolution decoherence time by one order of magnitude and for protected operations consisting of up to 330 individual control pulses.
Abstract The protection of quantum gates from arbitrary single‐ and two‐qubit noises with properly designed dynamical decoupling (DD) pulses is explored. The proposed dynamical decoupling method is a concatenation of a sequence of pulses formed by , with another sequence constructed by , . The concatenation of the two sequences results in desired pulses to fight against any single‐ and two‐qubit errors. The success of the method relies on the ability to adjust system parameters or interaction terms, which can be achieved in different physical systems, including trapped ions and superconducting qubits. Finallythe performance of the method is explored numerically with the above‐mentioned errors that are changing at any moment and show the preferred protection offered by the method. Therefore, the method is a timely step forward in preserving quantum gates at the level of physical qubits.