Abstract For about a century, physicists have been debating over the behavior of particles on a microscopic scale. Although the principle of the wave-particle duality is accepted in the scientific community, many experiments with puzzling results are still challenging quantum mechanics until now, such as the double slit experiment, entanglement, interferences of a single electron, or delayed choice quantum eraser. In this article, we shall bring forth explanations for some of these experiments. Unlike standard quantum mechanics (SQM) built by Schr¨odinger1 and P.Dirac2 which considers that the wave function is an abstract mathematical tool, our model takes up the concept of the pilot wave once initiated by physicists De Broglie and D.Bohm,3 who suggested that the wave associated to a quantum object has a real existence and that it is not simply a wave of probability. We shall discuss how this old-new conception of reality renders quantum mechanics ultimately less mysterious than it seems.
Abstract For about a century, physicists have been debating over the behavior of particles on a microscopic scale. Although the principle of the wave-particle duality is accepted in the scientific community, many experiments with puzzling results are still challenging quantum mechanics until now, such as the double slit experiment, entanglement, interferences of a single electron, or delayed choice quantum eraser. In this article, we shall bring forth explanations for some of these experiments. Unlike standard quantum mechanics (SQM) built by Schr¨odinger1 and P.Dirac2 which considers that the wave function is an abstract mathematical tool, our model takes up the concept of the pilot wave once initiated by physicists De Broglie and D.Bohm,3 who suggested that the wave associated to a quantum object has a real existence and that it is not simply a wave of probability. We shall discuss how this old-new conception of reality renders quantum mechanics ultimately less mysterious than it seems.
Quantum mechanics is characterized by several distinctive features: (1) wave–particle duality, (2) the uncertainty principle, (3) superposition of states, (4) wave function collapse, (5) the tunneling effect, (6) quantum entanglement, and (7) the dominance of probability. Proposed interpretations include the Copenhagen interpretation, the de Broglie–Bohm pilot-wave theory, and the many-worlds interpretation. Despite sustained debate, no unified consensus has emerged. A central obstacle may lie in the unresolved ambiguity over whether a quantum entity is fundamentally a wave or a particle. Although photons and electrons exhibit wave-like and particle-like properties, the concepts of “wave” and “particle” are inherently mutually exclusive. This paper proposes that the true nature of a quantum is a quantized wave interacting at a single spatial point. Based on this premise, the study investigates the vacuum structure and interactions, together with the relationship between wave function collapse and the conservation of physical quantities. The mechanisms underlying the photoelectric effect and quantum tunneling are reexamined, along with the double-slit and delayed-choice quantum eraser experiments. By treating photons and electrons as quantized waves confined to point interactions, this work demonstrates that puzzling quantum behaviors, long considered obstacles to a coherent understanding of quantum mechanics, admit straightforward explanations.
Abstract Young’s double slit experiments, which represent the mystery of quantum mechanics, have been interpreted by quantum probability waves and de Broglie-Bohm’s trajectory/pilot waves. To study in detail, the double slit experiments are extended to the cross double slit experiments. We argue that an interpretation must be able to explain all of the double slit and cross double slit experiments consistently. To test the interpretations, the comprehensive double slit experiments have been performed, which challenge both the wave interpretation and the trajectory interpretation. The cross double slit experiments and comprehensive double slit experiments provide a new tool for studying the mystery of double slit, wave-particle duality, complementarity principle, wave theory and trajectory theory. In this article, we review the cross double slit experiments and comprehensive double slit experiments, and report new experiments.
Abstract The double-slit experiment is a classic experiment that presents the clearest manifestation of wave-particle duality, one of the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. The double-slit experiment still remains the phenomenon that demonstrates wave-particle duality at the most fundamental level. This phenomenon quantitatively and conceptually demonstrates that microscopic objects can behave like both waves and particles at the same time. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the physical nature of dualism, the mechanism of formation of the interference pattern, and the impact of the act of observation on the dynamics of quantum systems. The need for a new perspective on this topic is due to the fact that the current uncertainty in the interpretation of quantum reality has not yet been completely eliminated, and the boundaries between classical and quantum behavior in microscopic objects are still being explored. The results presented here restructure the deep mechanisms of the interference picture, more clearly frame the relationship between observation and wavefunction collapse, and provide a quantum. Since the article attempts to provide a complete answer to the mechanism of the formation of wave-particle duality, extensive space is given to sections such as historical development, theoretical models, modern research, etc. New approaches to this phenomenon have been developed using modern research and string theory. As a result, a new mathematical expression has been proposed that explains the reasons for the initial emergence of wave-particle duality, and is also important for string theory. The article explains the measurement problem with a more effective physical structure and ontological model.
The Schrödinger's wave function can naturally be realized as an 'instantaneous resonant spatial mode' in which quantum particle moves and hence the Born's rule is derived after identifying its origin. This realization facilitates the visualization of `what's really going on?' in the Young's double-slit experiment which is known to be the central mystery of quantum mechanics. Also, an actual mechanism underlying the `spooky-action-at-a-distance', another mystery regarding the entangled quantum particles, is revealed. Wheeler's delayed choice experiments, delayed choice quantum eraser experiment and delayed choice entanglement swapping experiments are unambiguously and naturally explained at a single quantum level. The reality of Nature represented by the quantum mechanical formalism is conceptually intuitive and is independent of the measurement problem.
Abstract David Bohm published his “Suggested Interpretation of Quantum Theory in Terms of Hidden Variables” some twenty five years after Louis de Broglie first presented his similar Pilot Wave theory of quantum mechanics. In the following 30 years what became known as the de Broglie–Bohm approach to quantum theory was to a large extent ignored within the physics community. Even David Bohm himself became somewhat disillusioned with the lack of impact of his interpretation of quantum theory and he directed his interest elsewhere. But some 27 years after Bohm had published his interpretation of quantum theory, interest was rekindled in part by new, detailed calculations that demonstrated clearly and graphically, exactly how his interpretation explained quantum phenomena in terms of well defined individual particle trajectories. These computations encompassed two-slit interference, quantum tunnelling, neutron interferometry, Wheeler’s delayed choice experiment, orbital and intrinsic angular momentum, quantum measurement and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen nonlocal correlations for orbital angular momentum, intrinsic angular momentum and correlated particle interferometry. Since then, the acceptance of the validity of de Broglie–Bohm theory has steadily grown, as has the interest in the consequences of the approach. For my contribution to the current celebratory volume I was asked to provide a personal review specifically of this novel work within its historical context of the last quarter of the twentieth century.
The double slit experiment is a relatively simple physical test that can be useful for demonstrating the corpuscular-wave dualism of light and matter, which is the supreme mystery of the whole quantum physics. A particular riddle here is especially the mechanism responsible for the formation of a interference pattern in a situation when single quantum objects pass through the experimental setup. In the article the main idea of the experiment is discussed and two possible explanations of its results are briefly shortly presented: the view of the Copenhagen school and the de Broglie-Bohm’s pilot wave theory.