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International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena

Dominant Effects of Two-Photon Coherence on Four Wave Mixing in GaAs Quantum Wells

Hailin Wang, Jagdeep Shah, Theo C. Damen, Loren N. Pfeiffer

Published Jan 1, 1994• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present in this paper polarization dependent four-wave-mixing (FWM) measurements in homogeneously broadened GaAs quantum wells (QW). We have unambiguously demonstrated the important contribution of the two-photon coherence (TPC) between the ground and biexciton states to the nonlinear response. We show for the first time the dominant effects of the TPC on the polarization dependence of FWM. In particular, by including the TPC-induced contribution, we are able to account for the anomalous polarization dependence, a subject of considerable current interest [1].

DOI
10.1364/up.1994.wc.19

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We present in this paper polarization dependent four-wave-mixing (FWM) measurements in homogeneously broadened GaAs quantum wells (QW). We have unambiguously demonstrated the important contribution of the two-photon coherence (TPC) between the ground and biexciton states to the nonlinear response. We show for the first time the dominant effects of the TPC on the polarization dependence of FWM. In particular, by including the TPC-induced contribution, we are able to account for the anomalous polarization dependence, a subject of considerable current interest [1].
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We report measurements of the polarization and time-averaged intensity of four-wave mixing signals from GaAs quantum wells as functions of the pump beam polarizations, laser photon energy, and optical injection density, the latter covering a range of higher levels than has previously been reported. Excitation of heavy-hole excitons produced a sin2 variation of the signal intensity as the pump beam polarizations changed from parallel to perpendicular, while injection of light-hole excitons led to an approximately cos2 dependence. The tuning dependence of the heavy-hole-exciton signal revealed a low-energy signal which is attributed to biexcitons. The dominance of this signal for perpendicular polarization causes the observed sin2 variation of the heavy-hole-exciton signal.
We report time-resolved degenerate four-wave-mixing experiments on a high-quality single GaAs quantum well. The signals for parallel and cross-polarized exciting pulses show pronounced quantum beats with different frequencies corresponding to the heavy/light-hole splitting and the biexciton binding energy, respectively. Comparison of the experimental data with solutions of the optical Bloch equations for a phenomenological model system shows that these features result from strong contributions of the biexcitonic state. The importance of biexcitons to the nonlinear coherent response of the two-dimension exciton is further confirmed by the frequency dependence of the time-integrated four-wave-mixing signal amplitudes measured for the two polarization geometries.
We investigate the spectral properties of the excitonic nonlinear response in a GaAs quantum-well sample containing wells of different thicknesses. We observe both the heavy-hole biexciton and the light-hole biexciton in the transient four-wave mixing spectrum and estimate their binding energy dependence on well width. For moderate excitation densities the signal for negative delay at the heavy-hole exciton and biexciton resonances is due to two-photon transitions to the biexciton states through the exciton states. The temporal behavior of the transient four-wave mixing signal from the heavy-hole exciton resonance is strongly dependent on the spectral position of the laser. We show that this effect is due to interference phenomena and to excitation-induced dephasing.