Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America

Spontaneously generated Raman solitons

Charles M. Bowden, John C. Englund

Published Jan 1, 1988• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The origin and statistical behavior of spontaneously generated Raman solitons (SGRSs) are discussed in terms of quantum fluctuations which cause quantum initiation of the Stokes field in a Raman gain medium in the presence of a strong pump field. The macroscopic temporal statistical behavior in superfluorescence, swept-gain superfluorescence, and SGRS is interpreted in terms of the amplification of quantum noise of similar origin. Predictions are presented for the observation of unique macroscopic statistical properties of SGRS as robust direct manifestations of quantum phase fluctuations.

DOI
10.1364/oam.1988.fq2

Related papers

Quantum fluctuations and soliton generation in stimulated Raman scattering

David C. MacPherson

Theoretical and experimental details of initiating and amplifying a Stokes pulse using stimulated Raman scattering in H2 are presented.Statistics associated with the spectral fluctuations of a Stokes seed pulse have been measured and theoretically calculated.The spectral fluctuations are shown to result from quantum noise associated with spontaneous initiation.These spectral fluctuations are an example of an easily measurable macroscopic fluctuation of quantum origin.The effects of frequency fluctuations on the generation of solitons in the nonlinear regime of stimulated Raman scattering are calculated and measured.A detailed derivation of the fully quantum mechanical stimulated Raman scattering equations is given along with their solution for various approximations.The driven Maxwell's equation for the Raman system is derived from the system Hamiltonian.For treating the quantum initiation of stimulated Raman scattering, the radiation field is expanded in localized coherent modes.The details of calculating and using these modes to generate an ensemble of Stokes pulses are presented along with specific examples and ensemble average statistics.The use of localized modes for treating the pulsed cavityless Raman laser gives insight into the spontaneous initiation of Stokes pulses.iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I feel very fortunate to have had Dr. John Carlsten for my thesis adviser.I would like to thank John for making graduate school an enjoyable part of life and for the many hours o f stimulating discussions on fundamental physics.I am also greatly indebted to my wife, Susie, for filling my big lunch bag every morning and for her many hours spent typing this thesis

•Jan 1, 1989•0 citations

Stimulated Raman scattering spectra: quantum fluctuations and time evolution of linewidth

Владимир Григорьевич Беспалов

Manifestations of quantum fluctuations in stimulated Raman scattering ( SRS ) have been intensively studied lately1. Quantum noise present in spontaneous scattering stimulates fluctuations both in phase and in amplitude characteristics of output Stokes emission. At present statistical properties of amplitude fluctuations are studied in detail and it is shown that in linear transient regime of SRS without pump depletion statistical scatter of Stokes energy Es has negative exponential distribution2. In saturation regime of SRS the amplitude fluctuations are almost suppressed simultaneously with pump depletion. The phase fluctuations manifest both in linear and in nonlinear SRS and produce beam pointing fluctuations3, a change in Stokes emission spectra from pulse to pulse4 and cause soliton appearance in Rayleigh component of SRS5. Phase noise is observed in saturation regime due to relation between phases of Stokes and phonon waves which is preserved in processes of stationary and quasistationary SRS amplification. Spectrum phase fluctuations manifest as fine structure of SRS spectrum4, fluctuations of average Stokes frequency and Stokes linewidth fluctuations. The evolution of phase fluctuations in time is determined by the nature of spontaneous scattering and polarization of Raman media and is of great interest as one can follow its development from vacuum modes level to saturation regime. However up to now this problem has not been studied yet.

17th Congress of the International Commission for Optics: Optics for Science and New Technology•Sep 1, 1996•0 citations

Conditions For The Spontaneous Generation Of Solitons In Stimulated Raman Scattering

John C. Englund, Charles M. Bowden

Quantum phase fluctuations may be amplified into large, sudden phase shifts in the Stokes field, which subsequently give rise to solitons in the pump intensity. Ensemble simulations indicate that increased dissipation due to collisional dephasing within the medium significantly increases the frequency of soliton generation. The statistical distribution of soliton heights and positions is described.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Apr 8, 1988•4 citations

Quantum Fluctuations in Picosecond Transient Stimulated Raman Scattering

N. Fabricius, Kurt Nattermann, Dietrich von der Linde

From a classical point of view the generation of Stokes light by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is not possible unless a Stokes input signal is supplied. On the other hand, the gain in SRS can be so large that without input the spontaneous build-up of strong Stokes waves can be observed. A proper quantum theoretical description1 shows that this spontaneous initiation of Stokes generation is due to microscopic random fluctuations originating from quantum noise associated with the dynamical variable Q(t) which is active in the Raman process, e.g., a molecular normal mode coordinate. In highly transient SRS -when the duration of the excitation pulse is shorter than the dephasing time- the Stokes field is proportional to the initial Heisenberg operator Q(0) describing the state of the system just before the excitation pulse is turned on (t=0). In this case the statistics of the final Stokes pulse energy is determined by quantum mechanical uncertainties associated with the random Raman polarization of the initial state2. On the other hand, in a steady state situation the Stokes pulse fluctuations are substantially reduced and the Stokes pulse energy is stabilized as a result of damping processes.

International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena•Jan 1, 1984•0 citations

Spontaneous generation of phase waves and solitons in stimulated Raman scattering. II. Quantum statistics of Raman-soliton generation

John C. Englund, Charles M. Bowden

The formalism of Englund and Bowden [Phys. Rev. A 42, 2870 (1990)] is used to conduct a detailed investigation into the statistics of spontaneously generated Raman solitons and their origin in phase waves. Two approaches are adopted. In one, a Monte Carlo simulation of the stochastic differential equations describing stimulated Raman scattering is carried out, with quantum noise entering through the Stokes vacuum. The other involves determining analytically the field statistics in the quantum-initiation regime, finding the corresponding phase-wave statistics, and determining numerically the class of phase waves that appear in the nonlinear regime as solitons. Computations involving quasi-Gaussian and rectangular pump-pulse profiles consistently indicate soliton yields of roughly 10% and 4%, respectively; differences in the distributions of soliton delay times and peak intensities are also indicated. The Monte Carlo method is adapted to the experimental parameter values of MacPherson et al. [Phys. Rev. A 40, 6745 (1989)], and gives yields and distribution in good accord with the experiment.

Physical Review A•Jul 1, 1992•25 citations

Phase Quasi Integral for Stimulated Raman Scattering Initiated by Quantum Fluctuations and Statistics of Soliton-Like Random Pulses in Depleted Pump

S. Ya. Kilin

Stimulated Raman scattering is a quantum macroscopic process starting from unstable state. Any fluctuations, initial or boundary, classical or quantum in nature, lead to the macroscopic output fluctuations of the Stokes amplitude. Manifestation of these fluctuations in the statistics of the Stokes pulse energy and its spectrum have been studied extensively for the linear stage of the SRS [1]. Another fluctuation phenomena arises in nonlinear stage of the SRS - the random spikes, usually called soliton-like, are observed in the depleted pump [2]. Here we shown that the reason for these soliton-like spikes is the conservation of the relative phase Δϕ=ϕL−ϕS+ϕQ of the laser, Stokes and the polarization wanes [3].

Nonlinear Dynamics in Optical Systems•Jan 1, 1992•0 citations
The origin and statistical behavior of spontaneously generated Raman solitons (SGRSs) are discussed in terms of quantum fluctuations which cause quantum initiation of the Stokes field in a Raman gain medium in the presence of a strong pump field. The macroscopic temporal statistical behavior in superfluorescence, swept-gain superfluorescence, and SGRS is interpreted in terms of the amplification of quantum noise of similar origin. Predictions are presented for the observation of unique macroscopic statistical properties of SGRS as robust direct manifestations of quantum phase fluctuations.
Theoretical and experimental details of initiating and amplifying a Stokes pulse using stimulated Raman scattering in H2 are presented.Statistics associated with the spectral fluctuations of a Stokes seed pulse have been measured and theoretically calculated.The spectral fluctuations are shown to result from quantum noise associated with spontaneous initiation.These spectral fluctuations are an example of an easily measurable macroscopic fluctuation of quantum origin.The effects of frequency fluctuations on the generation of solitons in the nonlinear regime of stimulated Raman scattering are calculated and measured.A detailed derivation of the fully quantum mechanical stimulated Raman scattering equations is given along with their solution for various approximations.The driven Maxwell's equation for the Raman system is derived from the system Hamiltonian.For treating the quantum initiation of stimulated Raman scattering, the radiation field is expanded in localized coherent modes.The details of calculating and using these modes to generate an ensemble of Stokes pulses are presented along with specific examples and ensemble average statistics.The use of localized modes for treating the pulsed cavityless Raman laser gives insight into the spontaneous initiation of Stokes pulses.iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I feel very fortunate to have had Dr. John Carlsten for my thesis adviser.I would like to thank John for making graduate school an enjoyable part of life and for the many hours o f stimulating discussions on fundamental physics.I am also greatly indebted to my wife, Susie, for filling my big lunch bag every morning and for her many hours spent typing this thesis
Manifestations of quantum fluctuations in stimulated Raman scattering ( SRS ) have been intensively studied lately1. Quantum noise present in spontaneous scattering stimulates fluctuations both in phase and in amplitude characteristics of output Stokes emission. At present statistical properties of amplitude fluctuations are studied in detail and it is shown that in linear transient regime of SRS without pump depletion statistical scatter of Stokes energy Es has negative exponential distribution2. In saturation regime of SRS the amplitude fluctuations are almost suppressed simultaneously with pump depletion. The phase fluctuations manifest both in linear and in nonlinear SRS and produce beam pointing fluctuations3, a change in Stokes emission spectra from pulse to pulse4 and cause soliton appearance in Rayleigh component of SRS5. Phase noise is observed in saturation regime due to relation between phases of Stokes and phonon waves which is preserved in processes of stationary and quasistationary SRS amplification. Spectrum phase fluctuations manifest as fine structure of SRS spectrum4, fluctuations of average Stokes frequency and Stokes linewidth fluctuations. The evolution of phase fluctuations in time is determined by the nature of spontaneous scattering and polarization of Raman media and is of great interest as one can follow its development from vacuum modes level to saturation regime. However up to now this problem has not been studied yet.
From a classical point of view the generation of Stokes light by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is not possible unless a Stokes input signal is supplied. On the other hand, the gain in SRS can be so large that without input the spontaneous build-up of strong Stokes waves can be observed. A proper quantum theoretical description1 shows that this spontaneous initiation of Stokes generation is due to microscopic random fluctuations originating from quantum noise associated with the dynamical variable Q(t) which is active in the Raman process, e.g., a molecular normal mode coordinate. In highly transient SRS -when the duration of the excitation pulse is shorter than the dephasing time- the Stokes field is proportional to the initial Heisenberg operator Q(0) describing the state of the system just before the excitation pulse is turned on (t=0). In this case the statistics of the final Stokes pulse energy is determined by quantum mechanical uncertainties associated with the random Raman polarization of the initial state2. On the other hand, in a steady state situation the Stokes pulse fluctuations are substantially reduced and the Stokes pulse energy is stabilized as a result of damping processes.
The formalism of Englund and Bowden [Phys. Rev. A 42, 2870 (1990)] is used to conduct a detailed investigation into the statistics of spontaneously generated Raman solitons and their origin in phase waves. Two approaches are adopted. In one, a Monte Carlo simulation of the stochastic differential equations describing stimulated Raman scattering is carried out, with quantum noise entering through the Stokes vacuum. The other involves determining analytically the field statistics in the quantum-initiation regime, finding the corresponding phase-wave statistics, and determining numerically the class of phase waves that appear in the nonlinear regime as solitons. Computations involving quasi-Gaussian and rectangular pump-pulse profiles consistently indicate soliton yields of roughly 10% and 4%, respectively; differences in the distributions of soliton delay times and peak intensities are also indicated. The Monte Carlo method is adapted to the experimental parameter values of MacPherson et al. [Phys. Rev. A 40, 6745 (1989)], and gives yields and distribution in good accord with the experiment.
Stimulated Raman scattering is a quantum macroscopic process starting from unstable state. Any fluctuations, initial or boundary, classical or quantum in nature, lead to the macroscopic output fluctuations of the Stokes amplitude. Manifestation of these fluctuations in the statistics of the Stokes pulse energy and its spectrum have been studied extensively for the linear stage of the SRS [1]. Another fluctuation phenomena arises in nonlinear stage of the SRS - the random spikes, usually called soliton-like, are observed in the depleted pump [2]. Here we shown that the reason for these soliton-like spikes is the conservation of the relative phase Δϕ=ϕL−ϕS+ϕQ of the laser, Stokes and the polarization wanes [3].