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Topical Meeting on Optical Bistability (OB)

Optical Bistability In Four-Wave Oscillators

G. Grynberg

Published Jan 1, 1988• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Oscillation in a cavity using a four-wave mixing amplifier has been recently observed. This type of oscillator has properties very similar to those of a parametric oscillator but for the fact that the gain mechanism is due to a X(3) non linear susceptibility rather than a X(2). One of the consequences of this difference is that the gain mechanism and the intensity dependent refractive index (which also depends on X(3)) appears at the same order of perturbation and should be simultaneously considered in the analysis of the oscillation. In particular, this leads to the prediction that such an oscillator is intrinsically bistable.

DOI
10.1364/obi.1988.fc.1

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Oscillation in a cavity using a four-wave mixing amplifier has been recently observed. This type of oscillator has properties very similar to those of a parametric oscillator but for the fact that the gain mechanism is due to a X(3) non linear susceptibility rather than a X(2). One of the consequences of this difference is that the gain mechanism and the intensity dependent refractive index (which also depends on X(3)) appears at the same order of perturbation and should be simultaneously considered in the analysis of the oscillation. In particular, this leads to the prediction that such an oscillator is intrinsically bistable.
A theoretical investigation is made of parametric generation of light by four-wave mixing in an optical cavity with two pump fields of different frequencies. Mixing configurations resulting in the excitation of one and three cavity modes are considered taking into account the effects of phase modulation and of depletion of the pump fields. An analysis is made of stable steady-state oscillation regimes. Calculations are reported of the intensities of the generated radiation modes at the exit from the cavity above the threshold. An analysis is made of the conditions for the appearance of optical bistability at nonzero values of the cavity detuning.
A theoretical investigation is made of parametric generation of light by four-wave mixing in an optical cavity with two pump fields of different frequencies. Mixing configurations resulting in the excitation of one and three cavity modes are are considered taking into account the effects of phase modulation and ef depletion of the pump fields. An analysis is made of stable steady-state oscillation regimes. Calculations are reported or the intensities of the generated radiation modes at the exit from the cavity above the threshold. An analysis is made of the conditions for the appearance of optical bistability at nonzero values of the cavity detuning.
It is known that two-wave coupling in photorefractive crystal may result in an intensity-dependent phase shift as well as energy transfer between the two waves without phase crosstalk. In a sense, this kind of phase shift is similar to the intensity-dependent refractive-index effects in Kerr media. Consequently, optical bistability can be established in an optical cavity with a photorefractive crystal. We formulate the model and get the expected bistable transmission with numerical simulations. Several cases, including that of the codirectional coupling and the contradirectional coupling, are considered. The effects of the photorefractive crystal’s distribution absorption and the spatial phase shift between the index grating and the light interference pattern in the crystal on the nonlinear transmission characteristics have also been studied. It is interesting to note that the output of the pumping wave is dependent on the cavity intensity and thus shows bistable behavior with respect to the cavity input as well.