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Annual Meeting Optical Society of America

Spatial binary multiplication by photon echoes

D. Manganaris, M. K. Kim

Published Jan 1, 1990• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The phase conjugation property of backward-stimulated photon echo (BSE) has numerous potential applications in optical data storage and processing. We demonstrate mixed binary multiplication of spatially encoded bit patterns, by taking advantage of the fact that the geometry of BSE is analogous to that of conventional holography or four-wave mixing of nonlinear optics, where an object (data) and a reference (write) beams interfere to create a grating inside the medium, and another reference (read) beam is diffracted from that grating. When all three input beams contain structures, the output pattern is the convolution and correlation of the input patterns, which, with certain arrangements and interpretation, can be used for multiplication of binary numbers. The experiments were done by using a 477.8 nm transition of praseodymium ion-doped in single-crystal lanthanum trifluoride.

DOI
10.1364/oam.1990.tuuu10

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The phase conjugation property of backward-stimulated photon echo (BSE) has numerous potential applications in optical data storage and processing. We demonstrate mixed binary multiplication of spatially encoded bit patterns, by taking advantage of the fact that the geometry of BSE is analogous to that of conventional holography or four-wave mixing of nonlinear optics, where an object (data) and a reference (write) beams interfere to create a grating inside the medium, and another reference (read) beam is diffracted from that grating. When all three input beams contain structures, the output pattern is the convolution and correlation of the input patterns, which, with certain arrangements and interpretation, can be used for multiplication of binary numbers. The experiments were done by using a 477.8 nm transition of praseodymium ion-doped in single-crystal lanthanum trifluoride.
We demonstrate mixed binary multiplication of two or three numbers represented as spatial bit patterns by using a backward stimulated photon echo in a low-temperature solid activated by rare-earth ions. The photon-echo output image is the convolution-correlation of input images in a holographic arrangement, which can be interpreted as multiplication in a mixed binary format. The computation is extremely fast (~ 50 ns) and may be combined with temporal data processing for a versatile vector and matrix processor.
We demonstrate, we believe for the first time, the capability of spatial pattern recognition by backward stimulated photon echo (BSPE) in a low temperature solid activated by rare earth ions. The BSPE experiment is done with three time-delayed input laser pulses. The first pulse (DATA) contains several characters in its beam profile, the second pulse (WRITE) is a plane wave, and the third (READ) has the search character. The echo pulse profile has peak intensity at the position of the search character. The experiment has a time scale of several tens of nanoseconds. Pattern recognition by BSPE is a result of the convolution/correlation property of holographic four-wave mixing geometry. In contrast to the photorefractive processes, however, the BSPE in rare earth-doped solids is a resonant coherent optical transient effect. By combining spatial and temporal holographic processes of BSPE, it would be possible to construct a high density, high speed optical processor of spatial and temporal data using BSPE.
The characteristics of nonlinear photon memory echoes are investigated by means of SPICE simulations using equivalent resonator ensembles. By developing implicit nonlinear circuit models in the memory echo domain, the triple product formalism of electronic holography, involving correlation and convolution, is tested for the storage and recall of arbitrary signals and/or data bit streams in both time-inverted and nontime-inverted modes. Furthermore, a few specific optical data processing applications are also simulated in which the mixed binary multiplication of two or more binary bit streams is achieved. Higher order products, optical pattern recognition, and other possible applications are also discussed. It is shown that much insight into the nature and scope of optical photon echoes as memory storage phenomena may be derived using the electronic simulation technique.
Recent experimental results have shown that the highly directional frequency-upconverted backward-stimulated emission from a two-photon-pumped lasing medium possesses the property of optical phase conjugation. To explain this property, a Gabor’s quasi-collinear holographic model is proposed for a two-photon-pumped gain medium. According to this model, the input IR pump beam (after passing through a phase-distorting medium or an aberration plate) can be assumed to consist of two parts: an undisturbed regular portion and a phase-distorted irregular portion. These two portions interfere with each other and create a volume holographic grating within the pumped region inside the gain medium. While an initial regular backward-stimulated emission (as a reading beam) is passing through this holographic grating, a diffracted wave is created and amplified together with the reading beam. A rigorous mathematical analysis shows that under certain conditions the combination of these two parts (the reading beam plus the diffracted wave) of the backward-stimulated emission can be an approximate phase-conjugate field of the total input-pump field.
We have observed long-term storage and phase conjugation of multiple images using a backward stimulated echo scheme in the 3H4—3P0 transition of Pr3+:LaF3 crystal. The input spatial images are separated by 20-ns time intervals. The temporal order of the multiple-echo images is the reverse of the input images. Each echo image is a phase-conjugate replica of the corresponding input image. The storage lasts up to 15 s. This constitutes, in principle, the first demonstration of an ultrafast holographic movie using stimulated photon echo.