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Annual Meeting Optical Society of America

Resonant Voigt-effect spectra of the Rb D2 transition

Kazuyuki Muroo, Yoshitaka Takubo, Manabu Yamamoto

Published Jan 1, 1992• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The resonant magneto-optic spectra of the Rb D2 transition in the Voigt configuration was measured by using a tunable, narrow-band, single-mode GaAlAs diode laser. The elliptically polarized laser beam with a small ellipticity Δα was incident upon Rb vapor in a transverse magnetic field of 0.75 T. The polarization change caused by magnetically induced optical anisotropy was analyzed with a birefringent prism placed behind the sample with a small offset angle Δθ from the perfectly crossed direction. The Voigt-effect signal had a Zeeman splitting of 50 GHz. The spectral intensity distribution of the signal, determined by the interference between the hyperfine components of 85Rb and 87Rb, was dependent on Δα, Δθ, and the number density of atoms. The theoretical prediction1 for the Voigt-effect line profiles for various Δα and Δθ agreed with the experimental result. The minimum detectable density of Rb atoms was limited by statistical fluctuations of photon counts.

DOI
10.1364/oam.1992.mk8

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The resonant magneto-optic spectra of the Rb D2 transition in the Voigt configuration was measured by using a tunable, narrow-band, single-mode GaAlAs diode laser. The elliptically polarized laser beam with a small ellipticity Δα was incident upon Rb vapor in a transverse magnetic field of 0.75 T. The polarization change caused by magnetically induced optical anisotropy was analyzed with a birefringent prism placed behind the sample with a small offset angle Δθ from the perfectly crossed direction. The Voigt-effect signal had a Zeeman splitting of 50 GHz. The spectral intensity distribution of the signal, determined by the interference between the hyperfine components of 85Rb and 87Rb, was dependent on Δα, Δθ, and the number density of atoms. The theoretical prediction1 for the Voigt-effect line profiles for various Δα and Δθ agreed with the experimental result. The minimum detectable density of Rb atoms was limited by statistical fluctuations of photon counts.
We investigated the resonant magneto-optic spectra of the Rb D2 transition in the Voigt configuration (transverse magnetic field). To resolve the hyperfine structure of the Voigt-effect spectrum, we used a tunable single-mode GaAlAs diode laser as a light source. Elliptically polarized light with a small ellipticity was incident upon a Rb vapor cell placed in a magnetic field. The polarization change caused by magnetically induced optical anisotropy was detected by use of a birefringent prism placed behind the vapor cell. The Voigt-effect line profiles were measured for various degrees of light ellipticity and analyzer offset angle. The measured profiles were compared with the theoretical expression.
Nonlinear magneto-optical resonances on the hyperfine transitions belonging to the D2{D}_{2}D2​ line of rubidium were changed from bright to dark resonances by changing the laser power density of the single exciting laser field or by changing the vapor temperature in the cell. In one set of experiments atoms were excited by linearly polarized light from an extended cavity diode laser with polarization vector perpendicular to the light's propagation direction and magnetic field, and laser-induced fluorescence was observed along the direction of the magnetic field, which was scanned. A low-contrast bright resonance was observed at low laser power densities when the laser was tuned to the ${F}_{g}=2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{F}_{e}=3$ transition of 87{}^{87}87Rb and near to the ${F}_{g}=3\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{F}_{e}=4$ transition of 85{}^{85}85Rb. The bright resonance became dark as the laser power density was increased above 0.6 mW/cm2{}^{2}2 or 0.8 mW/cm2{}^{2}2, respectively. When the ${F}_{g}=2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{F}_{e}=3$ transition of 87{}^{87}87Rb was excited with circularly polarized light in a second set of experiments, a bright resonance was observed, which became dark when the temperature was increased to around 50${}^{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\circ}}$C. The experimental observations at room temperature could be reproduced with good agreement by calculations based on a theoretical model, although the theoretical model was not able to describe measurements at elevated temperatures, where reabsorption was thought to play a decisive role. The model was derived from the optical Bloch equations and included all nearby hyperfine components, averaging over the Doppler profile, mixing of magnetic sublevels in the external magnetic field, and a treatment of the coherence properties of the exciting radiation field.
Abstract We present a theoretical and experimental study of the polarization rotation of a linearly polarized probe beam scanning across all of the neighboring hyperfine levels ( F e = 1 and 2) with a circularly polarized pumping beam resonant on the F g = 2 → F e = 3 transition of the D2 line of 87 Rb atoms. The experimental results match well with the results calculated from the full-level density matrix equations considering laser phase noise, which hinders observations of narrow lines with linewidths of ∼90 kHz, as calculated in polarization rotation spectra for the first time.
We have studied experimentally and theoretically Hanle EIA on the closed Fg = 3 goes to Fe = 4 D2 transition of 85Rb. Atoms were excited by the laser light with different polarization, from linear to circular. Results of the theoretical calculations of the laser transmission, based on optical Bloch equations for density matrix elements for the same atomic system, show important effects of magnetic field transverse to the laser light. We were not able to control transverse magnetic field in the experiment but the theoretical results are still applicable to our experimental data due the presence of laboratory stray magnetic field in the vicinity of the Rb cell, occurring because of imperfect magnetic shielding.
Various efforts have been made to determine the polarization state of evanescent waves in different structures. The present study shows the reliability of magneto-optical spectroscopy of D1 and D2 lines of rubidium metal and polarization-dependent transitions to investigate and trace the changes in the polarization state of evanescent fields during total internal reflection over different angles. For this purpose, we design and fabricate atomic- evanescent Rb vapor cells and examine the effect of polarization changes of evanescent waves, depending on the propagation direction of evanescent waves in anisotropic rubidium vapor media under 88 mT external magnetic field by different configurations theoretically and experimentally. The results confirm the dependency of allowed [Formula: see text] transitions on the magneto optical configuration as a tool to determine changes in the polarization of evanescent waves in more complicated wave states in anisotropic media.