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Annual Meeting Optical Society of America

Autler-Townes absorption spectrum of a two-level atom irradiated by an intense bichromatic laser field

Michael F. Van Leeuwen, Stephanos Papademetriou, Carlos R. Stroud

Published Jan 1, 1993• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The dressed-atom formalism has been used to provide an appealingly transparent interpretation of the dynamics of a two-level atom coupled to a monochromatic field,1 and has recently been applied to the case of a 100% amplitude modulated field.
DOI
10.1364/oam.1993.wl.5

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Autler-Townes effect for an atom in a 100% amplitude-modulated laser field. I. A dressed-atom approach

Michael F. Van Leeuwen, Stephanos Papademetriou, Carlos R. Stroud

A dressed-state rate-equation model is used to describe the Autler-Townes effect that is produced by a resonant 100% amplitude-modulated field driving a two-level resonance. The purpose of using this model is to give an intuitive interpretation of the rather complex absorption spectra that are produced when a weak probe field couples this strongly driven transition to a third atomic state. We obtain analytic expressions for the positions, strengths, and widths of the components of the absorption spectra, which are in excellent agreement with experimentally obtained spectra presented in the accompanying paper [S. Papademetriou, following paper, Phys. Rev. A 53, 997 (1996)]. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

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Autler-Townes effect for an atom in a 100% amplitude-modulated laser field. II. Experimental results

Stephanos Papademetriou, Michael F. Van Leeuwen, Carlos R. Stroud

We report the observation of the Autler-Townes absorption spectrum of a two-level atom in a 100% amplitude-modulated optical field. Two frequency-stabilized dye lasers interact with a three-level atomic cascade system. One of the two lasers is used to create the bichromatic field that saturates the lower transition, while the second one is tuned in the frequency between the second and third levels to probe the absorption line shape. We investigate the dependence of the spectrum on the detuning between the average frequency of the bichromatic field and the lower atomic resonance. In order to study the effects of saturation, for every value of the detuning we take a series of data for different intensity levels of the bichromatic field. There is very good agreement between theory and experiment and profound differences from the conventional Autler-Townes results with a monochromatic pump field. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

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We have investigated the interaction between bichromatic optical fields and atomic transitions. We have considered both the interaction of a saturating bichromatic field in the form of a 100% amplitude-modulated field resonantly interacting with a single atomic transition as well as the interaction of a pair of 100% amplitude-modulated fields with two coupled atomic transitions. In our studies of a single atomic transition resonantly excited by a 100% amplitude-modulated field we have used a fully quantum-electrodynamical analysis to model the Autler-Townes effect induced by a bichromatic optical field. We find that the effect induced by a bichromatic field is markedly different from the effect produced by a monochromatic exciting field. We have derived analytic expressions for the bichromatic Autler-Townes absorption spectrum. The absorption spectrum consists of equally spaced lines spaced by the modulation frequency. The linewidths of neighboring lines alternate as functions of the field strength. Experimentally, we observed this spectrum for both resonant and detuned 100% amplitude-modulated driving fields by monitoring the absorption of a weak monochromatic field as it was tuned about the resonance frequency of the 3²P₃/₂(F = 3, mF = 3) ↔ 4²D₅/₂(F = 4, mF = 4) transition while driving the 3²S₁/₂(F = 2, mF = 2) ↔ 3²P₃/₂(F = 3, mF = 3) transition with a saturating 100% amplitude-modulated field. We found excellent agreement between our predicted and measured spectra. We then investigated the resonant interaction between a pair of 100% amplitude-modulated fields and two atomic transitions sharing a common atomic level. We considered both a three-level atomic cascade system and a three-level atomic lambda system. We examined the effect that the relative phase between the two modulations has on the rate at which the modulated fields are absorbed. We find that the saturated time-averaged field absorption exhibits parametric resonances in both the cascade and lambda systems. The time-averaged absorption is strongly dependent upon the relative phase of modulation between the two fields and for certain phase differences the time-averaged absorption can be enhanced over the maximum saturated absorption experienced by cw fields of the same time-averaged intensities. We also find that the stationary atomic response exhibits periodic oscillations and for the cascade system periodic two-photon inversions of up to 40% can be achieved. We further find dark absorption resonances as a function of phase in the lambda system. We analyze the results from the point of view of semi-classical adiabatic dressed states.

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Autler-Townes absorption spectrum of a bichromatic field

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Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1993•0 citations

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An experiment was performed recently [Y. Zhu, A. Lezama, Q. Wu, and T. W. Mossberg (unpublished)] in which a two-level atom of transition frequency \ensuremath{\Omega} was placed in a bichromatic laser field with frequencies \ensuremath{\Omega}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\ensuremath{\delta}, of sufficient intensity to produce dynamic Stark splitting. The observed fluorescence spectrum differed qualitatively in almost all its details from the well-known Mollow triplet [B. R. Mollow, Phys. Rev. 188, 1969 (1969)]. In this article, we use a dressed-atom model to explain the observed results.

Physical Review A•Jun 1, 1990•88 citations
A dressed-state rate-equation model is used to describe the Autler-Townes effect that is produced by a resonant 100% amplitude-modulated field driving a two-level resonance. The purpose of using this model is to give an intuitive interpretation of the rather complex absorption spectra that are produced when a weak probe field couples this strongly driven transition to a third atomic state. We obtain analytic expressions for the positions, strengths, and widths of the components of the absorption spectra, which are in excellent agreement with experimentally obtained spectra presented in the accompanying paper [S. Papademetriou, following paper, Phys. Rev. A 53, 997 (1996)]. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
We report the observation of the Autler-Townes absorption spectrum of a two-level atom in a 100% amplitude-modulated optical field. Two frequency-stabilized dye lasers interact with a three-level atomic cascade system. One of the two lasers is used to create the bichromatic field that saturates the lower transition, while the second one is tuned in the frequency between the second and third levels to probe the absorption line shape. We investigate the dependence of the spectrum on the detuning between the average frequency of the bichromatic field and the lower atomic resonance. In order to study the effects of saturation, for every value of the detuning we take a series of data for different intensity levels of the bichromatic field. There is very good agreement between theory and experiment and profound differences from the conventional Autler-Townes results with a monochromatic pump field. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
We have investigated the interaction between bichromatic optical fields and atomic transitions. We have considered both the interaction of a saturating bichromatic field in the form of a 100% amplitude-modulated field resonantly interacting with a single atomic transition as well as the interaction of a pair of 100% amplitude-modulated fields with two coupled atomic transitions. In our studies of a single atomic transition resonantly excited by a 100% amplitude-modulated field we have used a fully quantum-electrodynamical analysis to model the Autler-Townes effect induced by a bichromatic optical field. We find that the effect induced by a bichromatic field is markedly different from the effect produced by a monochromatic exciting field. We have derived analytic expressions for the bichromatic Autler-Townes absorption spectrum. The absorption spectrum consists of equally spaced lines spaced by the modulation frequency. The linewidths of neighboring lines alternate as functions of the field strength. Experimentally, we observed this spectrum for both resonant and detuned 100% amplitude-modulated driving fields by monitoring the absorption of a weak monochromatic field as it was tuned about the resonance frequency of the 3²P₃/₂(F = 3, mF = 3) ↔ 4²D₅/₂(F = 4, mF = 4) transition while driving the 3²S₁/₂(F = 2, mF = 2) ↔ 3²P₃/₂(F = 3, mF = 3) transition with a saturating 100% amplitude-modulated field. We found excellent agreement between our predicted and measured spectra. We then investigated the resonant interaction between a pair of 100% amplitude-modulated fields and two atomic transitions sharing a common atomic level. We considered both a three-level atomic cascade system and a three-level atomic lambda system. We examined the effect that the relative phase between the two modulations has on the rate at which the modulated fields are absorbed. We find that the saturated time-averaged field absorption exhibits parametric resonances in both the cascade and lambda systems. The time-averaged absorption is strongly dependent upon the relative phase of modulation between the two fields and for certain phase differences the time-averaged absorption can be enhanced over the maximum saturated absorption experienced by cw fields of the same time-averaged intensities. We also find that the stationary atomic response exhibits periodic oscillations and for the cascade system periodic two-photon inversions of up to 40% can be achieved. We further find dark absorption resonances as a function of phase in the lambda system. We analyze the results from the point of view of semi-classical adiabatic dressed states.
An experiment was performed recently [Y. Zhu, A. Lezama, Q. Wu, and T. W. Mossberg (unpublished)] in which a two-level atom of transition frequency \ensuremath{\Omega} was placed in a bichromatic laser field with frequencies \ensuremath{\Omega}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\ensuremath{\delta}, of sufficient intensity to produce dynamic Stark splitting. The observed fluorescence spectrum differed qualitatively in almost all its details from the well-known Mollow triplet [B. R. Mollow, Phys. Rev. 188, 1969 (1969)]. In this article, we use a dressed-atom model to explain the observed results.