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Thermal Science

Analytical formula of the wehrl entropy and wehrl phase distribution of the field in generalized coherent squeezed states

Fadhel Almalki, Ali M. Mubaraki, Sayed Abdel-Khale, Eied Mahmoud Khalil

Published Jan 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this framework, the effect of a Kerr-like medium and the coupling function dependent on the number of photons operator on the interaction between a two-level atom and a non-linear field is studied. A relation between the Kerr-like medium parameter and the field-atom coupling parameter is used to obtain a simplified formula for Rabi frequency. The wave function of the proposed model is obtained, followed by the derivation of the phase distribution and from which the wehrl entropy formula is calculated. The effect of the initial state and the non-linear func?tion dependent on the number of photons operator and the Kerr-like medium on entanglement is calculated through the Wehrl entropy formula, wehrl distribution and the behaviour of photons by studying the correlation function. The entangle?ment decreases when the function dependent on the number of photons operator is taken into account, while the entanglement gradually improves when the squeezed state is considered, and the entanglement decreases significantly when considering the Kerr medium. An oscillatory distribution is formed between the classical and non-classical in the coherent state. The non-classical distribution disappears when considering the squeezed state and the Kerr-like medium.

DOI
10.2298/tsci22s1425a

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In this framework, the effect of a Kerr-like medium and the coupling function dependent on the number of photons operator on the interaction between a two-level atom and a non-linear field is studied. A relation between the Kerr-like medium parameter and the field-atom coupling parameter is used to obtain a simplified formula for Rabi frequency. The wave function of the proposed model is obtained, followed by the derivation of the phase distribution and from which the wehrl entropy formula is calculated. The effect of the initial state and the non-linear func?tion dependent on the number of photons operator and the Kerr-like medium on entanglement is calculated through the Wehrl entropy formula, wehrl distribution and the behaviour of photons by studying the correlation function. The entangle?ment decreases when the function dependent on the number of photons operator is taken into account, while the entanglement gradually improves when the squeezed state is considered, and the entanglement decreases significantly when considering the Kerr medium. An oscillatory distribution is formed between the classical and non-classical in the coherent state. The non-classical distribution disappears when considering the squeezed state and the Kerr-like medium.
An analytical solution for a dissipative cavity field interacting with two qubits (TQs) in presence of Kerr-like medium is obtained. The super-operator method is used to obtaining the field density matrix elements under the dispersive approximation. Linear entropy is calculated to determine the entanglement between the cavity field and the TQs. Moreover, the Wehrl entropy and Wehrl phase distribution are discussed to discover the nonclassicality dynamics of a dissipative cavity field. It is found that the Kerr medium and the dissipation reduce the generated quantum coherence due to the qubit–cavity interactions. It is possible to control the ability of cavity–qubit interactions to generate quantum coherence by the mean photon number of the initial coherent cavity state. Moreover, the nonclassicality of the initial coherent state reduces the dissipative and the Kerr medium effects.
In the present communication, we consider the problem of two quantum systems with the Kerr-like medium nonlinearity. The system is cast form of an interaction between two operators of the form su(1,1) Lie algebra and su(2) Lie algebra. We obtain the wave function via the evolution operator where we use the Heisenberg equations of motion to derive the constants of motion. We discuss the atomic inversion. It is found that the Kerr-like medium decreases the amplitude and increases the fluctuations. Also we consider different types of squeezing, it is shown that the entropy squeezing is pronounced in the second quadrature, but it shows a small amount in the first quadrature. For the variance squeezing, a small amount occurs in the presence of the Kerr-like medium. However, the normal squeezing occurs in the first quadrature where the squeezing is sensitive to both the Kerr-like medium parameter and the initial state. Furthermore, the degree of entanglement is examined through the linear entropy. It is shown that the function decreases besides rapid fluctuations. The correlation function displays nonclassical behavior in addition to an increase in the amplitude of the fluctuations.
The interaction between a ♢\diamondsuit♢-type four-level atom and a single-mode field in the presence of Kerr medium with intensity-dependent coupling involving multi-photon processes has been studied. Using the generalized (nonlinear) Jaynes-Cummings model, the exact analytical solution of the wave function for the considered system under particular condition, has been obtained when the atom is initially excited to the topmost level and the field is in a coherent state. Some physical properties of the atom-field entangled state such as linear entropy showing the entanglement degree, Mandel parameter, mean photon number and normal squeezing of the resultant state have been calculated. The effects of Kerr medium, detuning and the intensity-dependent coupling on the temporal behavior of the latter mentioned nonclassical properties have been investigated. It is shown that by appropriately choosing the evolved parameters in the interaction process, each of the above nonclassicality features, which are of special interest in quantum optics as well as quantum information processing, can be revealed.
Analytical description for a Su(2)-quantum system interacting with a damped Su(1, 1)-cavity, which is filled with a non-linear Kerr medium, is presented. The dynamics of non-classicality of Su(1, 1)-state is investigated via the negative part of the Wigner function. We show that the negative part depends on the unitary interaction and the Kerr-like medium and it can be disappeared by increasing the dissipation rate and the detuning parameter. The phase space information of the Husimi function and its Wehrl density is very sensitive not only to the coupling to the environment and the unitary interaction but also to the detuning as well as to the Kerr-like medium. The phase space information may be completely erased by increasing the coupling to the environment. The coherence loss of the Su(2)-state is investigated via the Husimi Wehrl entropy. If the effects of the detuning parameter or/and of the Kerr-like medium are combined with the damping effect, the damping effect of the coupling to the environment may be weaken, and the Wehrl entropy is delayed to reach its steady-state value. At the steady-state value, the phase space information and the coherence are quickly lost.
A quantum cavity filled with a nonlinear medium (Kerr like medium) and contains a 2-mode field interacting with time dependence of 2-qubit is investigated. Part of the two qubits interact in the form of an amplifier, while the other is in the form of a ladder. The constants of motion are calculated by using the Heisenberg differential equation. Moreover, the analytical solution is calculated by solving the Schrodinger differential equations. Some statistical quantities are calculated to identify the features of the proposed model. The effective of the nonlinear term on the phenomena of collapse and revival are discussed through atomic population. The amount of entanglement between the quantum subsystem, whether it is between the 2-qubit and the cavity field, or between the 2-qubit together are calculated using the linear entropy and the concurrence. The results indicated that there is a superstructure between the atomic population and the linear entropy, concurrence. The intensity of oscillations decreases for the entanglement between the field and the two qubits when the Kerr like medium of the Hamiltonian system is included. The nonclassical distribution of the quantum system decreases after taking Kerr like medium into account.
We study the interaction between a one-mode electromagnetic field and a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model in the presence of the classical homogenous gravitational field with an added Kerr-like medium when the atom is prepared initially in the momentum eigenstate. The wave function is calculated by using the Schrodinger equation for a coherent electromagnetic field and an atom in the excited state. The influence of the Kerr-like medium and the classical homogenous gravitational field on the properties of the entropy of the field is examined. Keywords: two-level atom; Kerr-like medium; gravitational field; entropy .