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Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Emergent superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid transport in a doped valence bond solid insulator

Zixiang Li, Steven G. Louie, D. H. Lee

Published Jan 11, 2023• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this Letter, we study the superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid transport behavior in a doped valence bond solid insulator using sign-problem-free quantum Monte Carlo simulation. We show superconductivity emerges as a function of doping. For a wide temperature range above the superconducting ${T}_{c}$, a pseudogap exists. Moreover, close to the valence bond solid to semimetal quantum critical point at half filling, we observe linear temperature resistivity when doping is nonzero.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.107.l041103

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In this Letter, we study the superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid transport behavior in a doped valence bond solid insulator using sign-problem-free quantum Monte Carlo simulation. We show superconductivity emerges as a function of doping. For a wide temperature range above the superconducting Tc{T}_{c}Tc​, a pseudogap exists. Moreover, close to the valence bond solid to semimetal quantum critical point at half filling, we observe linear temperature resistivity when doping is nonzero.
superconductors, remains one of the greatest puzzles in condensed matter physics. One possible mechanism is fermionic incoherence, which near a quantum critical point allows pair formation but suppresses superconductivity. Employing quantum Monte Carlo simulations of a model of itinerant fermions coupled to ferromagnetic spin fluctuations, represented by a quantum rotor, we report numerical evidence of pseudogap behavior, emerging from pairing fluctuations in a quantum-critical non-Fermi liquid. Specifically, we observe enhanced pairing fluctuations and a partial gap opening in the fermionic spectrum. However, the system remains non-superconducting until reaching a much lower temperature. In the pseudogap regime the system displays a "gap-filling" rather than "gap-closing" behavior, similar to the one observed in cuprate superconductors. Our results present direct evidence of the pseudogap state, driven by superconducting fluctuations.
The origin of the pseudogap behavior, found in many high-TcT_cTc​ superconductors, remains one of the greatest puzzles in condensed matter physics. One possible mechanism is fermionic incoherence, which near a quantum critical point allows pair formation but suppresses superconductivity. Employing quantum Monte Carlo simulations of a model of itinerant fermions coupled to ferromagnetic spin fluctuations, represented by a quantum rotor, we report numerical evidence of pseudogap behavior, emerging from pairing fluctuations in a quantum-critical non-Fermi liquid. Specifically, we observe enhanced pairing fluctuations and a partial gap opening in the fermionic spectrum. However, the system remains non-superconducting until reaching a much lower temperature. In the pseudogap regime the system displays a gap-filling rather than gap-closing behavior, consistent with experimental observations. Our results provide the first unambiguous lattice model realization of a pseudogap state in a strongly correlated system, driven by superconducting fluctuations.
How superconductivity emerges in the vicinity of an antiferromagnetic insulating state is a long-standing issue of strong correlation physics. We study the transition from an antiferromagnetic insulator to a superconductor by hole doping based on a bilayer generalization of a Hubbard model. The projector quantum Monte Carlo simulations are employed, which are sign problem free both at and away from half filling. An anisotropic Ising antiferromagnetic Mott insulating phase occurs at half filling, which is weakened by hole doping. Below a critical doping value, antiferromagnetism coexists with the singlet superconductivity, which is a pairing across each rung with an extended sss-wave symmetry. As doping further increases, the antiferromagnetic order vanishes, leaving only a superconducting phase. These results provide important information on how superconductivity appears upon doping the parent Mott-insulating state.
We present a numerical study on the non-Fermi liquid behavior of a three-dimensional strongly correlated system. The Hubbard model in a simple cubic lattice is simulated by the dynamical cluster approximation; in particular, the quasi-particle weight is calculated at finite dopings for a range of temperatures. By fitting the quasi-particle weight to the marginal Fermi liquid form at finite doping near the putative quantum critical point, we find evidence of a separatrix between Fermi liquid and non-Fermi liquid regions. Our results suggest that a marginal Fermi liquid and possibly a quantum critical point exist in the non-symmetry broken solution of the three-dimensional interacting electron systems. We also calculate the spectral function, close to the half-filling, and we obtain evidence of pseudogap.
Abstract Finding and understanding non-Fermi liquid transport behaviors are at the core of condensed matter physics. Most of the existing studies were devoted to the monolayer Hubbard model, which is the simplest model that captures essential features of high-temperature superconductivity. Here we discover a new type of non-Fermi liquid behavior emergent in the hole-doped bilayer Hubbard model, using dynamical mean-field theory with a full consideration of the short-range interlayer electron correlation. We find that at low temperatures, the Hall coefficient has a strong nonmonotonic dependence on temperature, leading to a double or quadruple reversal of its sign depending on the doping level. At the same time, the resistivity exhibits two plateaus rather than linearity in its temperature dependence. We show that these intriguing transport behaviors stem from the formation of coherent interlayer singlets, which scatter off gapped collective modes arising from short-range interlayer antiferromagnetic fluctuations.
We investigate the doping-dependence of the Seebeck coefficient, as calculated from the Kelvin formula, for the Fermi Hubbard model using determinantal quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Our key findings are: (1) Besides the expected hole to electron-like behavior change around half filling, we show that the additional sign change at an electronic density nsn_sns​ (and correspondingly a hole density psp_sps​) is controlled by the opening of a charge gap in the thermodynamic density of states or compressibility and not by the pseudogap scale in the single particle density of states. (2) We find that ns(T,U)n_s(T,U)ns​(T,U) depends strongly on the interaction UUU and shows an unusual non-monotonic dependence on temperature with a maximum at a temperature T≈tT\approx tT≈t, on the order of the hopping scale. (3) We identify local moment formation close to half filling as the main driver for the anomalous behavior of the thermoelectric transport coefficient.