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Physical Review A

Two-photon process of a single two-level atom simultaneously absorbing or emitting two photons distributed in different cavities and its applications

Tong Liu, Jin Xia Xu, Qi-Ping Su, Y. H. Zhou, Qi‐Cheng Wu

Published Dec 28, 2022• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an approach for achieving a two-photon process in which a single two-level atom can simultaneously absorb or emit two photons separately distributed in two cavities. This two-photon process is realized by a two-level atom dispersively coupled to a classical pulse and two cavities. The main advantage of this proposal lies in the fact that because only two levels of the atom are used, i.e., no auxiliary atomic levels are utilized, decoherence from the higher energy levels of the atom is avoided. In addition, we find that the two-photon process can enable the synthesis of a hybrid atom-cavity-cavity Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state. As an example, we further discuss the experimental feasibility of creating the proposed hybrid GHZ state in a circuit QED system. This proposal is quite general and can be implemented in a wide range of physical systems, such as a natural or artificial atom coupled to two optical or microwave cavities.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.106.063721

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We propose an approach for achieving a two-photon process in which a single two-level atom can simultaneously absorb or emit two photons separately distributed in two cavities. This two-photon process is realized by a two-level atom dispersively coupled to a classical pulse and two cavities. The main advantage of this proposal lies in the fact that because only two levels of the atom are used, i.e., no auxiliary atomic levels are utilized, decoherence from the higher energy levels of the atom is avoided. In addition, we find that the two-photon process can enable the synthesis of a hybrid atom-cavity-cavity Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state. As an example, we further discuss the experimental feasibility of creating the proposed hybrid GHZ state in a circuit QED system. This proposal is quite general and can be implemented in a wide range of physical systems, such as a natural or artificial atom coupled to two optical or microwave cavities.
We propose an approach to simultaneously excite two atoms by using a cavity-assisted Raman process in combination with a cavity-photon-mediated interaction. The system consists of a two-level atom and a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-type or V\mathsf{V}V-type three-level atom, which are coupled together with a cavity mode. Having derived the effective Hamiltonian, we find that under certain circumstances a single photon can simultaneously excite two atoms. In addition, multiple photons and even a classical field can also simultaneously excite two atoms. As an example, we show a scheme to realize our proposal in a circuit QED setup, which is artificial atoms coupled with a cavity. The dynamics and the quantum-statistical properties of the process are investigated with experimentally feasible parameters.
We present a scheme for generating entangled states of two qutrits, by using a 4-level system and a 3-level system coupled to a single cavity. Because of only employing resonant interactions, the entangled state can be fast created. This scheme is easy to implement in experiments since only a single cavity is needed and none of measurement, auxiliary system and identical system-cavity coupling constant is required. Furthermore, two-qutrit partially or maximally entangled states can be created by using this scheme. The proposal is quite general, which can be used to prepare entangled states of two qutrits in various physical systems, such as two natural or artificial atoms of the Λ-type or Δ-type three lowest levels, coupled to an optical or microwave cavity.
We consider two separate atoms interacting with a single-mode optical or microwave resonator. When the frequency of the resonator field is twice the atomic transition frequency, we show that there exists a resonant coupling between one photon and two atoms, via intermediate virtual states connected by counterrotating processes. If the resonator is prepared in its one-photon state, the photon can be jointly absorbed by the two atoms in their ground state which will both reach their excited state with a probability close to one. Like ordinary quantum Rabi oscillations, this process is coherent and reversible, so that two atoms in their excited state will undergo a downward transition jointly emitting a single cavity photon. This joint absorption and emission process can also occur with three atoms. The parameters used to investigate this process correspond to experimentally demonstrated values in circuit quantum electrodynamics systems.
Abstract In this paper, we present a theoretical investigation of multiphoton processes between a single atom and a multimode optical or microwave field. At first, we examine two-photon excitation, which involves the simultaneous excitation of two photons in different cavity modes by a single atom. We demonstrate that when the transition frequency of an atom is equal to the sum of the frequencies of two cavity modes, there exists a resonant coupling between the atom and the two-mode cavity field, which leads to the simultaneous excitation of the two cavity photons with the atom initially in its excited state. Moreover, we found that this coupling is coherent and reversible, allowing the atom initially in the ground state to simultaneously absorb all the photons from the cavities and transit to its excited state. Finally, we also show that this coherent interaction, in principle, can be extended to describe multiphoton processes between a single atom and a multimode cavity field, such as a three-mode cavity. The parameters used in the numerical simulation are based on the experimentally demonstrated values in circuit quantum electrodynamics systems.
A simple scheme is presented for generating four-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states with a large detuned interaction between a three-level atom and two bimodal cavities. In the proposed protocol, the quantum information is encoded on Fock states of the cavity-fields, and the atomic spontaneous emission can be effectively suppressed due to the fact that the excited state of the atom is adiabatically eliminated under the large detuning condition. The detection of the atom can collapse the cavity to the desired state. The experimental feasibility of our proposal is also discussed.