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Оптика и спектроскопия

Модуляция сигнала квантовых биений при фотоионизации изотопов Xe в магнитном поле

E. A. Viktorov, Pavel Yu. Serdobintsev, Nikolai N. Bezuglov, K. Miculis

Published Jan 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Photoionization processes involving polarized Xe atoms in the presence of an external magnetic field were analyzed in our previous studies. It was shown that the modulation of quantum beats in the observed electronic photo signals could not be explained by the Paschen-Back effect accounting for fine-structure levels only. In the current work, ionized Xe+ isotopes are used as the output channel of photoionization. By comparing the temporal partial signals in the mass spectra of the Xe+ isotopes, it was possible to explain the modulation of quantum beats in ion fluxes as a consequence of the presence of the hyperfine structure in the Zeeman components of the 129Xe and 131Xe isotopes .

DOI
10.21883/os.2022.11.53766.3447-22

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Photoionization processes involving polarized Xe atoms in the presence of an external magnetic field were analyzed in our previous studies. It was shown that the modulation of quantum beats in the observed electronic photo signals could not be explained by the Paschen-Back effect accounting for fine-structure levels only. In the current work, ionized Xe+ isotopes are used as the output channel of photoionization. By comparing the temporal partial signals in the mass spectra of the Xe+ isotopes, it was possible to explain the modulation of quantum beats in ion fluxes as a consequence of the presence of the hyperfine structure in the Zeeman components of the 129Xe and 131Xe isotopes .
Photoionization processes involving polarized Xe atoms in the presence of an external magnetic field were analyzed in our previous studies. It was shown that the modulation of quantum beats in the observed electronic photo signals could not be explained by the Paschen-Back effect accounting for fine-structure levels only. In the current work, ionized Xe+ isotopes are used as the output channel of photoionization. By comparing the temporal partial signals in the mass spectra of the Xe+ isotopes, it was possible to explain the modulation of quantum beats in ion fluxes as a consequence of the presence of the hyperfine structure in the Zeeman components of the 129Xe and 131Xe isotopes. Keywords: quantum beats, hyperfine structure, Zeeman effect, two-photon excitation, femtosecond ionization, "pump-probe"-experiment.
Ionization of polarized states of Ar and Xe atoms by femtosecond probe pulse in a supersonic beam in the presence of magnetic field was studied theoretically and experimentally. The revealed oscillation structure in the photoionization signals occurs due to the Larmor precession of exited atomic states in a magnetic field. We derived analytical formulas for the photoelectron current and explained the detected oscillations in terms of photon and atomic polarization moments. Our results indicate the possibility of implementing Doppler-free spectroscopy involving bound-free transitions.
Atomic selective ionization processes provide critical ionization probability and isotopic selectivity in laser isotope separation. Aimed at the general principles of transition cross sections and ionization probabilities under various atomic hyperfine structures and laser parameters, and the optimization of atomic multi-channel photo-excitation and ionization processes of non-zero nuclear spin isotopes, the semi-classical density matrix theory of an imaginary two-step photoionization process is established with the consideration of magnetic sublevels of near-resonantly excited hyperfine levels. For determining the dimensionless transition cross sections of hyperfine transition channels, two methods are proposed in this article, i.e. the saturated excitation line-shape comparison method and weak excitation signal strength method, and a good agreement is achieved between numerical dimensionless transition cross sections and experimental results for several non-zero nuclear spin isotopes. The dependence of saturated ionization probability on laser polarization is studied systematically, and the hyperfine transition of Δ F = +1 is found to be superior to Δ F = −1, 0 in terms of saturated ionization probability. A general formula of oversaturated ionization probability is summarized for different hyperfine transitions. An interesting phenomenon called “magnetic sublevel coherence trapping” is employed to explain the inadequate ionization probability of the Δ F = −1 hyperfine transition even under the oversaturated excitation condition, and its mechanism is discussed through the temporal evolution of the density matrix elements. These numerical studies can provide beneficial references for laser isotope separation of isotopes with non-zero nuclear spin, as well as atomic laser spectroscopy.
Abstract Ionization of three-photon excited polarized states of argon atoms by circularly polarized probe light was studied in a supersonic beam. The revealed oscillation structure in the observed photoionization signals due to the Larmor precession of excited atomic states in a magnetic field allowed finding novel data for the Landé g-factors. We derived analytical formulas for the photoelectron current and explained the various types of the detected oscillations in terms of the principal lines among multiplet components of optical transitions. Our results indicate the possibility of implementing Doppler-free spectroscopy involving bound-free transitions.
Nuclear spin dynamics of the 129Xe and 131Xe isotopes in an external magnetic field B 0 is considered. Nuclear spin is pumped by the laser through 87Rb, which transfers the electron spin to the 129Xe and 131Xe nuclei in the spin-exchange interaction. The nuclear spin dynamics is controlled with a transverse magnetic field that causes nuclear magnetic resonance in both 129Xe and 131Xe isotopes. Numerical calculations are performed to find conditions at which the transverse component of the nuclear spin in the established motion is of maximum and the slope angle relative to the vector of the constant magnetic field B 0 is 45°. This regime is taken to be optimal for simulation of practical applications. It is also found that the pump of the nuclear spin of xenon is strongly attenuated when the rubidium polarization vector is turned to the plane perpendicular to the external magnetic field vector B 0.