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Optica Advanced Photonics Congress

High-gain Spontaneous Parametric Down-conversion in Dispersive and Absorbing Nanostructured Systems

Aleksa Krstić, Frank Setzpfandt, Thomas Pertsch, Sina Saravi

Published Jan 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We develop a non-perturbative description of spontaneous parametric downconversion in the high-gain regime for nanostructured systems with arbitrary amount of loss and dispersion, and use it numerically to investigate integrated quantum spectroscopy at high gain.
DOI
10.1364/bgppm.2022.jtu2a.7

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We develop a nonperturbative formulation based on the Green's function quantization method that can describe spontaneous parametric down-conversion in the high-gain regime in nonlinear optical structures with arbitrary amount of loss and dispersion. This formalism opens the way for description and design of arbitrary complex and/or open nanostructured nonlinear optical systems in quantum technology applications, such as squeezed-light generation, nonlinearity-based quantum sensing, and hybrid quantum systems mediated by nonlinear interactions. As an example case, we numerically investigate the scenario of integrated quantum spectroscopy with undetected photons, in the high-gain regime, and uncover novel gain-dependent effects in the performance of the system.
Single-photon and correlated two-photon sources are important elements for optical information systems. Nonlinear downconversion light sources are robust and stable emitters of single photons and entangled photon pairs. However, the rate of downconverted light emission, dictated by the properties of low-symmetry nonlinear crystals, is typically very small, leading to significant constrains in device design and integration. In this paper, we show that the principles for spontaneous emission control (i.e. Purcell effect) of isolated emitters in nanoscale structures, such as metamaterials, can be generalized to describe the enhancement of nonlinear light generation processes such as parametric down conversion. We develop a novel theoretical framework for quantum nonlinear emission in a general anisotropic, dispersive and lossy media. We further find that spontaneous parametric downconversion in media with hyperbolic dispersion is broadband and phase-mismatch-free. We predict a 1000-fold enhancement of the downconverted emission rate with up to 105 photon pairs per second in experimentally realistic nanostructures. Our theoretical formalism and approach to Purcell enhancement of nonlinear optical processes, provides a framework for description of quantum nonlinear optical phenomena in complex nanophotonic structures.