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Acta Sinica Quantum Optica

39K-87Rb双组分|F=1,mF=-1>态玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的实验制备

聂亮 Liang NIE, 米成栋 Cheng-dong MI, 张越 Yue ZHANG, 陈良超 Liang-chao CHEN, 张靖 Jing ZHANG

Published Jan 1, 2022• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.3788/jqo20222803.0501

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39K-87Rb双组分玻色−爱因斯坦凝聚体中幻零波长的实验研究

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Production of dual species Bose–Einstein condensates of 39K and 87Rb*

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We report the production of 39K and 87Rb Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in the lowest hyperfine states | F = 1,mF = 1 〉 simultaneously. We collect atoms in bright/dark magneto-optical traps (MOTs) of 39K/87Rb to overcome the light-assisted losses of 39K atoms. Gray molasses cooling on the D1 line of the 39K is used to effectively increase the phase density, which improves the loading efficiency of 39K into the quadrupole magnetic trap. Simultaneously, the normal molasses is employed for 87Rb. After the microwave evaporation cooling on 87Rb in the optically plugged magnetic trap, the atoms mixture is transferred to a crossed optical dipole trap, where the collisional properties of the two species in different combinations of the hyperfine states are studied. The dual species BECs of 39K and 87Rb are obtained by further evaporative cooling in an optical dipole trap at a magnetic field of 372.6 G with the background repulsive interspecies scattering length a KRb = 34 a 0 (a 0 is the Bohr radius) and the intraspecies scattering length a K = 20.05a 0.

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Observation of an inelastic feshbach resonance between individual 87Rb and 39K atoms in optical tweezers

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An important route toward the preparation of cold molecules is magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances. Here we investigate an inelastic Feshbach resonance between a single pair of 87Rb and 39K atoms confined in an optical tweezer, with both atoms prepared in the |F=1,mF=−1⟩ state. By developing an in-situ imaging scheme for 39K, we directly measure magnetic-field-dependent collisional loss without separating the atoms after the interaction. For weak confinement, the resonance position measured in our experiment differs from the bulk-gas experiments. In contrast, we observe a significant shift of the resonance toward higher magnetic fields as the tweezer trap depth increases. Coupled-channel calculations accounting for finite temperature effects fail to explain the magnitude of this shift, suggesting that it originates from differential optical responses of the open-channel atom pair and the weakly bound molecular state under strong confinement. Our results indicate that optical tweezer light can significantly modify Feshbach resonance properties, opening a pathway toward optical control of atom–atom interactions and weakly bound molecular states in dual-species tweezer platforms.

Frontiers of Physics•Jan 1, 2026•0 citations

重力对87Rb冷原子四极磁阱装载的影响

王亚琼 Ya-qiong WANG, 陈良超 Liang-chao CHEN, 王鹏军 Peng-jun WANG +1 more

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An experiment apparatus for the production of ultracold bosonic dipolar ground state 23Na39K molecules and Feshbach spectroscopy in a cold mixture of 23Na and 39K

Torsten Hartmann

The field of ultracold matter has developed rapidly over the course of the past twenty to thirty years. One outstanding achievement has been the realisation of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) only 23 years ago. Many other fascinating observations of quantum phenomena have been made at an incredibly fast pace using ultracold atomic samples with contact force interactions as a testbed. Due to the rapid successes of all these experiments on atomic ensembles, researchers began to aim for more elaborate inter-particle interactions. A possible additional one is the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI), the long-range character of which stands out in comparison to the contact interactions. Moreover, DDI is anisotropic and the possibility to tune the direction of the dipoles in the experiment as well as the interaction strength promises the possibility to study a plethora of new quantum phenomena. In recent years, several experiments using different combinations of alkali atoms to create ground-state hetero-nuclear molecules in the ultracold regime have been set up, following the pioneering work on KRb molecules. Of all possible combinations of two alkali atoms, NaK combines the advantages of a high induced electric dipole moment of 2.72 Debye, chemical stability of the ground-state molecules, the possibility to realise bosonic as well as fermionic molecules and a large knowledge base for cooling and trapping of the two atomic species. This thesis reports on the development and construction of an experiment apparatus for the production of ultracold bosonic dipolar ground state 23Na39K molecules. This includes the setup of an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) system, several laser light sources, microwave (MW) and radio frequency (RF) antennas and electronics to control the various components of the experiment. The system pre-cools the atomic samples of 23Na and 39K and loads them into a dual-species three-dimensional magneto-optical trap (3D MOT). After a transfer to a magnetic quadrupole trap, the mixture is cooled by forced MW evaporation until three-body losses limit dual-species operation at high densities and zero magnetic field. Using the pure optical trapping potential of a crossed optical dipole trap (cODT) and RF- state-transfer, the scattering properties of the bosonic mixture of 23Na+39K are investigated in extensive atom loss measurements for a magnetic field range from 0 to 750 G. Several Feshbach resonances, zero crossings of the interspecies scattering length and inelastic loss features in many different scattering channels are identified. The results of this study are used to refine the molecular potentials of NaK and to produce a dual-species quantum-degenerate mixture of two BECs in the state (f = 1, mf = −1) of 23Na + (f = 1, mf = −1) of 39K. The measurements and refined molecular potentials will considerably aid in the future realisation of 23Na39K molecules in their absolute ground state.

•Jan 1, 2019•1 citation

在^87Rb原子玻色—爱因斯坦凝聚体中铷二聚物分子的形成

戴闻

物理•Jan 1, 2000•0 citations
We report the production of 39K and 87Rb Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in the lowest hyperfine states | F = 1,mF = 1 〉 simultaneously. We collect atoms in bright/dark magneto-optical traps (MOTs) of 39K/87Rb to overcome the light-assisted losses of 39K atoms. Gray molasses cooling on the D1 line of the 39K is used to effectively increase the phase density, which improves the loading efficiency of 39K into the quadrupole magnetic trap. Simultaneously, the normal molasses is employed for 87Rb. After the microwave evaporation cooling on 87Rb in the optically plugged magnetic trap, the atoms mixture is transferred to a crossed optical dipole trap, where the collisional properties of the two species in different combinations of the hyperfine states are studied. The dual species BECs of 39K and 87Rb are obtained by further evaporative cooling in an optical dipole trap at a magnetic field of 372.6 G with the background repulsive interspecies scattering length a KRb = 34 a 0 (a 0 is the Bohr radius) and the intraspecies scattering length a K = 20.05a 0.
An important route toward the preparation of cold molecules is magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances. Here we investigate an inelastic Feshbach resonance between a single pair of 87Rb and 39K atoms confined in an optical tweezer, with both atoms prepared in the |F=1,mF=−1⟩ state. By developing an in-situ imaging scheme for 39K, we directly measure magnetic-field-dependent collisional loss without separating the atoms after the interaction. For weak confinement, the resonance position measured in our experiment differs from the bulk-gas experiments. In contrast, we observe a significant shift of the resonance toward higher magnetic fields as the tweezer trap depth increases. Coupled-channel calculations accounting for finite temperature effects fail to explain the magnitude of this shift, suggesting that it originates from differential optical responses of the open-channel atom pair and the weakly bound molecular state under strong confinement. Our results indicate that optical tweezer light can significantly modify Feshbach resonance properties, opening a pathway toward optical control of atom–atom interactions and weakly bound molecular states in dual-species tweezer platforms.
The field of ultracold matter has developed rapidly over the course of the past twenty to thirty years. One outstanding achievement has been the realisation of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) only 23 years ago. Many other fascinating observations of quantum phenomena have been made at an incredibly fast pace using ultracold atomic samples with contact force interactions as a testbed. Due to the rapid successes of all these experiments on atomic ensembles, researchers began to aim for more elaborate inter-particle interactions. A possible additional one is the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI), the long-range character of which stands out in comparison to the contact interactions. Moreover, DDI is anisotropic and the possibility to tune the direction of the dipoles in the experiment as well as the interaction strength promises the possibility to study a plethora of new quantum phenomena. In recent years, several experiments using different combinations of alkali atoms to create ground-state hetero-nuclear molecules in the ultracold regime have been set up, following the pioneering work on KRb molecules. Of all possible combinations of two alkali atoms, NaK combines the advantages of a high induced electric dipole moment of 2.72 Debye, chemical stability of the ground-state molecules, the possibility to realise bosonic as well as fermionic molecules and a large knowledge base for cooling and trapping of the two atomic species. This thesis reports on the development and construction of an experiment apparatus for the production of ultracold bosonic dipolar ground state 23Na39K molecules. This includes the setup of an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) system, several laser light sources, microwave (MW) and radio frequency (RF) antennas and electronics to control the various components of the experiment. The system pre-cools the atomic samples of 23Na and 39K and loads them into a dual-species three-dimensional magneto-optical trap (3D MOT). After a transfer to a magnetic quadrupole trap, the mixture is cooled by forced MW evaporation until three-body losses limit dual-species operation at high densities and zero magnetic field. Using the pure optical trapping potential of a crossed optical dipole trap (cODT) and RF- state-transfer, the scattering properties of the bosonic mixture of 23Na+39K are investigated in extensive atom loss measurements for a magnetic field range from 0 to 750 G. Several Feshbach resonances, zero crossings of the interspecies scattering length and inelastic loss features in many different scattering channels are identified. The results of this study are used to refine the molecular potentials of NaK and to produce a dual-species quantum-degenerate mixture of two BECs in the state (f = 1, mf = −1) of 23Na + (f = 1, mf = −1) of 39K. The measurements and refined molecular potentials will considerably aid in the future realisation of 23Na39K molecules in their absolute ground state.