This work aims to improve the communication security of the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) based on digital twins (DTs). The related technologies of quantum communication are introduced to improve network communication. Firstly, the key DTs technologies in the construction of IIoT are expounded. Also, the characteristics of quantum communication are analyzed. Secondly, a channel encryption scheme based on quantum communication is proposed to ensure the communication security of IIoT. The scheme uses the five-particle entanglement state and two-particle bell state as entanglement channels to realize two-particle quantum teleportation. Finally, an Adaptive Key Residue algorithm is proposed based on the quantum key distribution mechanism. The algorithm verification suggests that the success rate of service distribution decreases with the increase in network load. When the service load reaches 1000, the Adaptive Key Residue algorithm can maintain a success rate of service distribution in the network higher than 0.6. Besides, the success rate of service distribution increases with the growth of the total key generation rate V and the key pool capacity C. The research results reported here are of great significance for realizing the secure communication of IIoT systems based on digital twins to ensure the effective operation of network communication and the secure transmission of data.
This work aims to improve the communication security of the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) based on digital twins (DTs). The related technologies of quantum communication are introduced to improve network communication. Firstly, the key DTs technologies in the construction of IIoT are expounded. Also, the characteristics of quantum communication are analyzed. Secondly, a channel encryption scheme based on quantum communication is proposed to ensure the communication security of IIoT. The scheme uses the five-particle entanglement state and two-particle bell state as entanglement channels to realize two-particle quantum teleportation. Finally, an Adaptive Key Residue algorithm is proposed based on the quantum key distribution mechanism. The algorithm verification suggests that the success rate of service distribution decreases with the increase in network load. When the service load reaches 1000, the Adaptive Key Residue algorithm can maintain a success rate of service distribution in the network higher than 0.6. Besides, the success rate of service distribution increases with the growth of the total key generation rate V and the key pool capacity C. The research results reported here are of great significance for realizing the secure communication of IIoT systems based on digital twins to ensure the effective operation of network communication and the secure transmission of data.
With the continuous development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the industry's awareness of the security of the IoT is also increasing, and the adoption of quantum communication technology can significantly improve the communication security of various devices in the IoT. This paper proposes a scheme of controlled remote quantum state preparation and quantum teleportation based on multiple communication parties, and a nine-qubit entanglement channel is used to achieve secure communication of multiple devices in the IoT. The channel preparation, measurement operation, and unitary operation of the scheme were successfully simulated on the IBM Quantum platform, and the entanglement degree and reliability of the channel were verified through 8192 shots. The scheme's application in the IoT was analyzed, and the steps and examples of the scheme in the secure communication of multiple devices in the IoT are discussed. By simulating two different attack modes, the effect of the attack on the communication scheme in the IoT was deduced, and the scheme's high security and anti-interference ability was analyzed. Compared with other schemes from the two aspects of principle and transmission efficiency, it is highlighted that the advantages of the proposed scheme are that it overcomes the single fixed one-way or two-way transmission protocol form of quantum teleportation in the past and can realize quantum communication with multiple devices, ensuring both security and transmission efficiency.
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is reshaping modern industries by enabling interconnected, intelligent systems that support real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and automated control. However, the growing complexity and scale of IIoT networks expose them to increasingly severe cybersecurity threats that traditional methods struggle to address. To meet these challenges, this paper proposes a novel architecture that integrates Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) with passive Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology to secure 5G fronthaul communications between Active Antenna Units (AAUs) and Distributed Units (DUs). In this architecture, AAUs and DUs act as quantum communication entities, exchanging secure keys over optical fibers by allocating quantum and classical signals across different wavelengths. This hybrid approach not only enhances bandwidth efficiency but also significantly improves resistance to eavesdropping and tampering, which are critical vulnerabilities in IIoT environments. To evaluate system performance, simulations were conducted by varying key parameters, including attenuation coefficient, detection efficiency, and dark count rate. Simulation results demonstrate that lowering attenuation coefficients and dark count rates substantially improves the secure key generation rate and reduces the quantum bit error rate (QBER), while increased detection efficiency, although beneficial for signal acquisition, introduces trade-offs by potentially raising the QBER under noisy conditions. Figures presented provide clear illustrations of these trends. By merging quantum communication into IIoT frameworks, this study offers a forward-looking, scalable solution that ensures data confidentiality, integrity, and high-speed reliable communication, paving the way for the secure evolution of industrial networks in the era of Industry 4.0.
Digital Twins (DTs) play a crucial role in context-aware Internet of Things (IoT) applications within the healthcare sector, including the industrial healthcare domain, by facilitating the continuous sharing of sensitive and confidential patient data from physical objects in real time. This shared data is essential for treatment planning and decision-making processes, often being accessed remotely by authorized users. However, traditional security mechanisms, which rely on the integer factorization problem (IFP) and the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP), are vulnerable to quantum attacks using algorithms like Shor's, posing significant risks to data protection. As a result, the healthcare sector faces several security challenges, including the vulnerability of sensitive patient data to cyberattacks, quantum threats, the risk of unauthorized access to medical devices and IoT systems, and the increasing sophistication of cybercriminals exploiting weak authentication methods. To address these issues, we propose a quantum-resistant protocol that safeguards data privacy in DT-enabled IoT healthcare applications, ensures secure transmission of information, maintains patient trust, supports long-term data confidentiality, and protects medical devices and IoT systems from potential breaches. By employing lattice-based cryptographic techniques, particularly the ring learning with errors (RLWE) problem, the proposed scheme effectively addresses contemporary security challenges, including those posed by quantum computing. Real-time experiments conducted on Raspberry Pi 4 devices, along with computational overhead analysis, demonstrate the protocol's efficiency. Additionally, formal security validation using the Scyther tool and security analysis with the RoR model reinforce the robustness of the proposed protocol. A comprehensive comparative evaluation against existing schemes highlights its lightweight, scalable, and efficient nature. Furthermore, performance evaluations in the context of unknown attacks show that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms current alternatives in terms of effectiveness.
In order to achieve the balance between informatization and security in the process of using the Internet of Things, quantum secure communication technology and its application in the industrial Internet of Things were proposed. The use of quantum secure communication can effectively solve the security problems of devices, and can solve the security problems encountered in the distribution of quantum keys through endogenous security means. Secondly, aiming at the problem of massive access delay of IoT devices, this paper conducts software simulation tests. The simulation results show that the time delay of asymmetric encryption algorithm is longer than that of symmetric encryption algorithm, the time delay of asymmetric encryption algorithm SM2 is obvious, the time delay of symmetric encryption algorithm AES is longer than that of SM4 and XOR encryption method, and the time delay of XOR encryption method is the lowest among the three symmetric encryption methods. With the further increase of the number of terminals, The delay advantage of XOR encryption is more obvious. Conclusion: Quantum encryption has the characteristics of low delay and good stability in the working environment of IoT devices, which can effectively ensure the data security of IoT devices.
The explosive growth of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies has been reshaping manufacturing, energy, transportation and infrastructure with real-time monitoring and automation supported by predictive analytics. The more interconnected machines are, the more vulnerable they become to advanced cyberattacks. RSA and ECC are two of the dominant cryptographic algorithms that 60% of the IIoT communications today. They are still susceptible to quantum computing attacks, especially from Shor, which can easily break public-key encryption. This new risk, and the threat it represents, calls for a monitoring of the quantum situation by adding Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) to guarantee data privacy and resilient systems. This work studies the quantum-empowered security approach to IIoT environment and considers lattice-based, hash-based and code-based cryptography techniques immune to quantum attacks. This paper investigates the industrial system design demands, identifies some of these weaknesses, and presents a secure communication architecture including post-quantum cryptography for device authentication, secure firmware updates and data encryption. Studies show that due to constraints in resources, triage for IIoT devices is difficult, especially because of limitations of processors, among others; latency and scalability are two issues. The approach proposed showcases a means for industrial cybersecurity to benefit from post-quantum cryptography without losing efficiency.
With the continuous development of power communication network and the improvement of intelligent degree, network security and operation and maintenance become more and more important. Therefore, this paper proposes a solution for intelligent security operation and maintenance of power communication network based on Quantum key distribution (QKD). QKD is an encryption technology based on the principle of quantum mechanics, which can realize secure Key exchange and resist attacks of traditional encryption algorithms. We use QKD technology to generate and distribute security keys for protecting communication and data transmission in power communication networks. The results show that the efficiency and accuracy of communication data acquisition, transmission, analysis and processing of the Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations system of the power communication network using the power Internet of Things technology are far higher than that of the traditional operation and maintenance technology, which improves the operation and maintenance accuracy of the power communication network by about 25%. The intelligent operation and maintenance system of the power communication network designed by the author, it effectively improves the communication data processing capability and the reliability of operation and maintenance results, and can meet the current practical engineering application requirements. This study provides an innovative solution for the secure operation and maintenance of power communication networks, which is of great significance for protecting the security and stable operation of power communication networks.