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Informatics and Automation

The Statistical Analysis of the Security for a Wireless Communication System with a Beaulieu-Xie Shadowed Fading Model Channel

Aleksey S. Gvozdarev, Tatiana K. Artemova, Pavel Patralov, Dmitriy M. Murin

Published Sep 28, 2022• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The paper considers the problem of a wireless communication system’s physical level security for a multipath signal propagation channel and the presence of a wiretap channel. To generalize the propagation effects, the Beaulieu-Xie shadowed channel model was assumed. To describe the security of the information transfer process, such a metric as the secure outage probability of was considered. An analytical expression of the secure outage probability was obtained and analyzed depending on the characteristics of the channel and the communication system: the average value of the signal-to-noise ratio in the main channel and the wiretap channel, the effective path-loss exponent, the relative distance between the legitimate receiver and the wiretap and the threshold bandwidth, normalized to the bandwidth of a smooth Gaussian channel. The analysis considers the sets of parameters that cover all practically important scenarios for the functioning of a wireless communication systems: both deep fading (corresponding to the hyper-Rayleigh scenario) and small fading, both in the case of a significant line-of-sight component and a significant number of multipath clusters, and with significant shadowing of the dominant component and a small number of multipath waves, as well as all intermediate options. It is found out that the value of the energy requirements for guaranteed secure communication at a given speed is determined primarily by the power of multipath components, as well as the existence of an irreducible secure outage probability of a communication session with an increase for channels with strong overall shadowing of the signal components, which from a practical point of view is important to take into account when imposing requirements for the values of the signal-to-noise ratio and the data transfer rate in the direct channel, providing the desired degree of security of the wireless communication session.

DOI
10.15622/ia.21.5.8

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The paper considers the problem of a wireless communication system’s physical level security for a multipath signal propagation channel and the presence of a wiretap channel. To generalize the propagation effects, the Beaulieu-Xie shadowed channel model was assumed. To describe the security of the information transfer process, such a metric as the secure outage probability of was considered. An analytical expression of the secure outage probability was obtained and analyzed depending on the characteristics of the channel and the communication system: the average value of the signal-to-noise ratio in the main channel and the wiretap channel, the effective path-loss exponent, the relative distance between the legitimate receiver and the wiretap and the threshold bandwidth, normalized to the bandwidth of a smooth Gaussian channel. The analysis considers the sets of parameters that cover all practically important scenarios for the functioning of a wireless communication systems: both deep fading (corresponding to the hyper-Rayleigh scenario) and small fading, both in the case of a significant line-of-sight component and a significant number of multipath clusters, and with significant shadowing of the dominant component and a small number of multipath waves, as well as all intermediate options. It is found out that the value of the energy requirements for guaranteed secure communication at a given speed is determined primarily by the power of multipath components, as well as the existence of an irreducible secure outage probability of a communication session with an increase for channels with strong overall shadowing of the signal components, which from a practical point of view is important to take into account when imposing requirements for the values of the signal-to-noise ratio and the data transfer rate in the direct channel, providing the desired degree of security of the wireless communication session.
The article presents an analysis of the physical layer security of a wireless communication system functioning in the presence of multipath fading and a wiretap. Under the assumption of the equal propagation conditions (both for the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper) described by the shadowed Beaulieu–Xie model, a closed-form expression for the secrecy outage probability was derived. The correctness of the obtained expression was numerically verified via comparison with the direct numerical integration. The truncated version of the obtained expression was analyzed for various channel parameters to establish the requirements for numerically efficient implementation (in terms of the number of summands delivering the desired precision). An in-depth study of the secrecy outage probability dependence from all the possible channel parameters for different fading scenarios was performed, including heavy fading and light fading, with and without strong dominant and multipath components. The performed research demonstrated the existence of the secrecy outage probability non-uniqueness with the respect to the average signal-to-noise ratio in the main channel and the relative distance between the legitimate and wiretap receivers.
The research considers the physical layer security problem for wireless devices communicating through a full hyper-Rayleigh fading channel. Two distinct scenarios are assumed: asymmetric (the links have different channel statistical descriptions) and symmetric (the channel statistical parameters are identical for both the main and wiretap links); and two particular cases are studied: the wiretap-dominating case (i.e., the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the wiretap channel is much greater than in the main channel) and the main channel-dominating case (that is, when the opposite situation is observed). For the assumed problem, a closed-form expression for the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity is derived, and closed-form approximations for both scenarios and both cases are provided. The presented numerical analysis demonstrates the correctness of the derived expressions and provides insights into the impact of various channel parameters on communication secrecy in severe fading environments.
In this paper, the performance for physical-layer (PHY) security of a wireless communication system in mixed α-μ and κ-μ fading channels is analyzed. The system under consideration consists of a transmitter and a legitimate receiver in the presence of an eavesdropper, wherein the main channel is subject to α -μ fading while the wiretap channel undergoes κ-μ fading. We assume that the legitimate users and the eavesdropper are equipped with a single antenna. We derive a novel analytical expression for the lower bound of secure outage probability (SOP). Next, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of the SOP for high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the main channel. Finally, we provide Monte-Carlo simulations to verify our proposed analytical framework.
Information security has been a very important issue in wireless networks. With the ever-increasing amount of data being exchanged over wireless networks, the confidentiality of information needs to be protected from unauthorized users called eavesdropper. Due to the broadcast nature of the wireless medium, the transmissions between legitimate users maybe overheard and intercepted by the unauthorized parties, which makes wireless transmission vulnerable to potential eavesdropping attacks. The security of wireless communications plays an increasingly important role in the cybercrime defense against unauthorized activities. We consider the wireless physical layer security which has been explored for the sake of enhancing the protection of wireless communications against eavesdroppers. We consider the problem of secret communication through Rayleigh fading channel in the presence of an eavesdropper in which the transmitter knows the channel state information of both the main and eavesdropper channel. Then, we analyze the average capacity of the main channel and eavesdropper channel from which an expression of secrecy capacity is derived based on the cumulative distribution function and probability density function of the signal to noise ratio. We also analyze an expression for the symbol error rate of the main channel, and the outage probability is obtained for the main transmission. Finally, we perform the numerical results in MATLAB.
In this study, the secrecy performance of physical layer when both the main and wiretap channels undergo shadowed fading conditions is analysed. In particular, the average secrecy capacity, secure outage probability (SOP), the lower bound of SOP (SOP ), and the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity are derived by using the classic Wyner's wiretap model. Two different scenarios for the fading parameters, namely, and m , which represent the real extension of the number of the multipath clusters and the shadowing index, respectively, have been studied. These parameters are chosen first as arbitrary numbers, thus the performance metrics are given in exact closed‐form in terms of the extended generalised bivariate Fox's H ‐function that has been widely implemented in the open literature using various software packages. In the second scenario, both the fading parameters are assumed to be integer numbers to obtain the derived results in simple exact closed‐form mathematically tractable expressions in terms of some analytic functions. The numerical results of this analysis are verified via the Monte Carlo simulations.
Recent published works have manifested a renewed interest in the impact of the wireless channel itself on the achievable level of secure information exchange between two or more communication nodes, in the presence of an undesired eavesdropper, developing the research field of Wireless Information-Theoretic Security (WITS). For quasi-static Rayleigh fading channels, information-theoretic security has been proven to be achievable even when the eavesdropper's channel has a better average Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) than the main channel, thus bypassing the limits considered in the classic AWGN-channels model. In these works, a typical value has been assigned to the path loss exponent that dominates the distance ratio (faction of distance between the legitimate receiver and the transmitter to the distance between the eavesdropper and the transmitter). Extensive research has proven, however, that the path loss exponent value varies according to the type and the intrinsic characteristics of the wireless channel in question. In our work, we take into account this variation of the path loss exponent and examine its impact on the secrecy capacity and the outage probability for a given normalized secrecy rate. Our results establish a link between the different types of wireless environment and the boundaries of secure communications.