Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Chinese Physics B

Nonreciprocal negative refraction in a dense hot atomic medium

Hai Yi, Hongjun Zhang, Hui Sun

Published Dec 27, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the electromagnetic properties of a four-level dense atomic gas medium with Doppler effect. It is shown that the relative permittivity and relative permeability of the medium can be negative simultaneously with low absorption in the same detuning interval on account of electromagnetically induced transparency. Furthermore, with the suitable parameters, the nonreciprocal negative refraction can be obtained due to the Doppler effect, and the nonreciprocity frequency band can be regulated by adjusting the temperature, the intensity of the control field and the atomic density in this hot atomic medium.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/acae7a

Related papers

Negative Refractive Index in an Inhomogeneously Broadened Four-Level Inverted-Y Atomic Medium

Nguyen Huy Bang, Nguyen Van Phu, Vu Ngọc Sau +2 more

In this paper, we present the study on negative refractive index in an inhomogeneously broadened four-level inverted-Y atomic medium based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The expressions of the relative permittivity and the relative permeability are derived under Doppler broadening. For this four-level system, we have found two frequency bands of negative refractive index in an optical region corresponding to two EIT windows. The influences of coupling and signal laser fields as well as temperature on frequency bands of negative refractive index are investigated. Our research can be convenient for experimental implementation with real atomic media under different temperatures.

IEEE photonics journal•Oct 15, 2021•5 citations

STUDY OF NEGATIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX IN Rb FOUR-LEVEL N-TYPE ATOMIC GAS MEDIUM

Huy Bang Nguyen, Nguyen Mai Anh Le, Thi Minh Phuong Le +2 more

In this work, we study the generation of a negative refractive index based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a Rb four-level N-type atomic gas medium. We derive analytic expressions for the relative permittivity and relative permeability of the medium according to the parameters of the probe, pump, and signal laser fields. We then investigate the variation of the real parts of the relative permittivity and relative permeability with respect to the intensity and frequency of the pump and signal laser fields. In the presence of the pump laser beam, the medium becomes transparent to the probe laser beam even in the resonant region. At the same time, the real parts of the relative permittivity and relative permeability are simultaneously negative (i.e., the medium exhibits a negative refractive index) in the EIT spectral domain. In the presence of the signal laser beam, the EIT effect occurs over two different frequency domains of the probe beam, so a negative refractive index is also generated in these two frequency domains. The investigation of the real parts of the relative permittivity and relative permeability with intensity and frequency of the pump and signal laser fields allowed us to find the laser parameters for the appearance of the negative refractive index, which can be useful for experimental observations.

Dalat University Journal of Science•Oct 4, 2022•0 citations

Electromagnetically induced negative refractive index in dense atomic gas

Hongjun Zhang, Yueping Niu, Shiqi Jin +2 more

We propose two dense gas schemes of four-level 'Lambda'-type and V-type atoms based on the effect of quantum coherence. It is shown that under certain conditions the dense gas can simultaneously exhibit negative permittivity and negative permeability, and thus become a negative refractive-index material. Furthermore, by analyzing the absorption property of the left-handed materials, we find that the absoption can be reduced via choosing appropriate parameters. Such schemes might be used to fabricate isotropic and homogeneous left-handed material with vanishing absorption in a wider optical frequency band.

Chinese Optics Letters•May 31, 2007•0 citations

Negative refraction with absorption suppressed by electromagneticly induced transparency in a left-handed atomic system

Shun-Cai Zhao

This paper intends to realize negative refraction with absorption suppressed by the electromagneticly induced transparency(EIT) in a dense four-level atomic system. Without the two equal transition frequencies responding to the probe field, the atomic system displays a negative refraction with the simultaneously negative permittivity and negative permeability(Left-handedness). The response of the probe field is amplified and propagates transparency in some frequency extents. Therefore, our aim for searching the low-loss negative refraction can be achieved in the scheme, given the main applied limitation of the negative refractive materials is the large amount of dissipation and absorption. However, an excessive signal field intensity would increase the absorption near the resonance in our scheme.

quant-pharXiv:2605.05261•Science China Physics Mechanics and Astronomy•May 7, 2026•7 citations

How to realize a negative refractive index material at the atomic level in an optical frequency range?

Jian-qi Shen, Zhichao Ruan, Sailing He

The theoretical mechanism for realizing a negative refractive index material in an optical frequency range with an atomic gas system of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is studied. It is shown that under certain conditions such a dense gas can exhibit simultaneously negative permittivity and negative permeability, and negligibly small loss.

arXiv:cond-mat/0410211•Journal of Zhejiang University. Science A•Sep 30, 2004•49 citations

Negative refractive index in a four-level atomic system

Zhen-Qing Zhang, Zhengdong Liu, Shun‐Cai Zhao +3 more

A closed four-level system in atomic vapour is proposed, which is made to possess left handedness by using the technique of quantum coherence. The density matrix method is utilized in view of the rotating-wave approximation and the effect of a local field in dense gas. The numerical simulation result shows that the negative permittivity and the negative permeability of the medium can be achieved simultaneously (i.e. the left handedness) in a wider frequency band under appropriate parameter conditions. Furthermore, when analysing the dispersion property of the left-handed material, we can find that the probe beam propagation can be controlled from superluminal to subluminal, or vice versa via changing the detuning of the probe field.

Chinese Physics B•Dec 1, 2011•6 citations
We investigate the electromagnetic properties of a four-level dense atomic gas medium with Doppler effect. It is shown that the relative permittivity and relative permeability of the medium can be negative simultaneously with low absorption in the same detuning interval on account of electromagnetically induced transparency. Furthermore, with the suitable parameters, the nonreciprocal negative refraction can be obtained due to the Doppler effect, and the nonreciprocity frequency band can be regulated by adjusting the temperature, the intensity of the control field and the atomic density in this hot atomic medium.
In this paper, we present the study on negative refractive index in an inhomogeneously broadened four-level inverted-Y atomic medium based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The expressions of the relative permittivity and the relative permeability are derived under Doppler broadening. For this four-level system, we have found two frequency bands of negative refractive index in an optical region corresponding to two EIT windows. The influences of coupling and signal laser fields as well as temperature on frequency bands of negative refractive index are investigated. Our research can be convenient for experimental implementation with real atomic media under different temperatures.
In this work, we study the generation of a negative refractive index based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a Rb four-level N-type atomic gas medium. We derive analytic expressions for the relative permittivity and relative permeability of the medium according to the parameters of the probe, pump, and signal laser fields. We then investigate the variation of the real parts of the relative permittivity and relative permeability with respect to the intensity and frequency of the pump and signal laser fields. In the presence of the pump laser beam, the medium becomes transparent to the probe laser beam even in the resonant region. At the same time, the real parts of the relative permittivity and relative permeability are simultaneously negative (i.e., the medium exhibits a negative refractive index) in the EIT spectral domain. In the presence of the signal laser beam, the EIT effect occurs over two different frequency domains of the probe beam, so a negative refractive index is also generated in these two frequency domains. The investigation of the real parts of the relative permittivity and relative permeability with intensity and frequency of the pump and signal laser fields allowed us to find the laser parameters for the appearance of the negative refractive index, which can be useful for experimental observations.
We propose two dense gas schemes of four-level 'Lambda'-type and V-type atoms based on the effect of quantum coherence. It is shown that under certain conditions the dense gas can simultaneously exhibit negative permittivity and negative permeability, and thus become a negative refractive-index material. Furthermore, by analyzing the absorption property of the left-handed materials, we find that the absoption can be reduced via choosing appropriate parameters. Such schemes might be used to fabricate isotropic and homogeneous left-handed material with vanishing absorption in a wider optical frequency band.
This paper intends to realize negative refraction with absorption suppressed by the electromagneticly induced transparency(EIT) in a dense four-level atomic system. Without the two equal transition frequencies responding to the probe field, the atomic system displays a negative refraction with the simultaneously negative permittivity and negative permeability(Left-handedness). The response of the probe field is amplified and propagates transparency in some frequency extents. Therefore, our aim for searching the low-loss negative refraction can be achieved in the scheme, given the main applied limitation of the negative refractive materials is the large amount of dissipation and absorption. However, an excessive signal field intensity would increase the absorption near the resonance in our scheme.
A closed four-level system in atomic vapour is proposed, which is made to possess left handedness by using the technique of quantum coherence. The density matrix method is utilized in view of the rotating-wave approximation and the effect of a local field in dense gas. The numerical simulation result shows that the negative permittivity and the negative permeability of the medium can be achieved simultaneously (i.e. the left handedness) in a wider frequency band under appropriate parameter conditions. Furthermore, when analysing the dispersion property of the left-handed material, we can find that the probe beam propagation can be controlled from superluminal to subluminal, or vice versa via changing the detuning of the probe field.