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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Squeezed Light Generation in Three-Channel Nonlinear Coupler with Second-Harmonic Generation and Frequency Mismatch

Mohd Syafiq M. Hanapi, Abdel-Baset M.A. Ibrahim, Rafael Julius, P. K. Choudhury

Published Dec 1, 2022• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Squeezed states of light in a three-channel nonlinear coupler with second-order nonlinearity using the phase space method and the analytical perturbative method is reported in this paper. The system is studied under the frequency mismatch condition, where the frequencies of the pump mode are not common. The effect of frequency mismatch on the generated squeezed states is investigated. We have found that the frequency mismatch does significantly affect the behavior of the generated squeezed states only at higher values of linear coupling between the waveguides. By increasing the frequency mismatch, the squeezing pattern also evolves from a collapses-revivals-like squeezing into a constant oscillation.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/2411/1/012021

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Abstract Squeezed states of light in a three-channel nonlinear coupler with second-order nonlinearity using the phase space method and the analytical perturbative method is reported in this paper. The system is studied under the frequency mismatch condition, where the frequencies of the pump mode are not common. The effect of frequency mismatch on the generated squeezed states is investigated. We have found that the frequency mismatch does significantly affect the behavior of the generated squeezed states only at higher values of linear coupling between the waveguides. By increasing the frequency mismatch, the squeezing pattern also evolves from a collapses-revivals-like squeezing into a constant oscillation.
The effects of squeezing have been of great importance in quantum computing [1], as evidenced in the studies of squeezed light presented in the literature [2]. The present work discusses on the possibility of enhancing squeezing using nonlinear coupler utilizing different operating frequencies of the input modes. In our two-channel model, one of the channels contains the fundamental mode, whereas the other one confines the next two higher-order modes. Here we examine numerically the effect of frequency mismatch on the dynamics of the generated squeezed light.
Possible squeezed states generated in a three-waveguide nonlinear coupler operating with second harmonic generation is discussed. This study is carried out using two well-known techniques; the phase space method (based on positive-P representation) and the Heisenberg-based analytical perturbative (AP) method. The effects of key design parameters were investigated under various conditions, including full frequency matching, symmetrical and asymmetrical waveguide initialization, and both codirectional and contr-adirectional propagation. The system consistently produced long-lasting oscillatory squeezed states across all three waveguides, even when only one waveguide was pumped with coherent light while the others were in a vacuum state. Also, the performance and capacities of both methods are critically evaluated. For low levels of key design parameters and in the early stages of evolution, a high level of agreement between the two methods is noticed. In the new era of quantum-based technology, the proposed system opens a new avenue for utilising nonlinear couplers in nonclassical light generation.
This paper investigates the squeezing properties and harmonic generation in a two-octave nonlinear waveguide system composed of channels exhibiting a second-order nonlinear effect. The channel converts an input frequency at the first harmonic to the second and subsequently to the fourth harmonic. The system equation is solved semi-analytically by using the normal ordered phase space representation. The results show consistent first harmonic squeezing across channels, while second and fourth harmonic squeezing vary significantly, with the center channels showing higher efficiency. As the harmonic generation progresses from the first harmonic to the fourth harmonic, the magnitude of squeezing typically decreases. These findings may provide valuable findings for enhancing higher-order harmonic generation and squeezing in nonlinear waveguide systems.
The properties of squeezing, in relation to the different interaction frequencies of the input modes in three-mode Kerr nonlinear coupler consisting of two linearly-coupled Kerr waveguides, were explored. Utilizing the exact representation of a set of noisy-stochastic equations, an investigation was made of the first-order properties of squeezing for two- and three-mode interactions with frequency mismatch. It was observed that enhanced squeezing could be obtained under certain conditions of interactions.
In this article, a full numerical method to study the squeezing procedure through second harmonic generation process is proposed. The method includes complex nonlinear coupling coefficient, phase mismatch, and pump depletion. Attention has been also paid to the effects of accumulated noises in this work. The final form of the numerical formula seems to be much simpler than the analytical solutions previously reported. The function of this numerical method shows that it works accurately for different mechanisms of squeezed state generations and does not suffer from instabilities usually encountered even for non-uniform, coarse steps. The proposed method is used to examine the squeezing procedure in an engineered nonlinear plasmonic waveguide. The results show that using the nonlinear plasmonic waveguide, it is possible to generate the squeezed states for the pump and the second harmonic modes with high efficiency in a propagation length as short as 2 mm which is much shorter than the needed length for the traditional nonlinear lithium niobate- based optical waveguides being of the order of 100 mm. This new method of squeezed states generation may find applications in optical communication with a noise level well below the standard quantum limit, in quantum teleportation, and in super sensitive interferometry.
In this paper, we investigate the single-mode quantum properties of the codirectional Kerr nonlinear coupler when the frequency mismatch is involved and a condition for an exact solution of equations of motion is fulfilled. Particularly, we investigate quadrature and principal squeezing, Wigner function, quadrature distribution, phase distribution and phase variance. We show that the quadrature squeezing and the phase variance can exhibit collapse–revival and collapse–revival–subrevival phenomena, respectively, based on the values of the detuning parameter. Furthermore, we analytically demonstrate that the system can generate cat states, in particular, Yurke–Stoler states.