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IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON)

A Programmable Photonic Chip for High-dimensional Quantum Computing

Jieshan Huang, Yulin Chi, Zhanchuan Zhang, Yan Yang, Qihuang Gong, Jianwei Wang

Published Nov 1, 2022• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Controlling and programming quantum devices to process quantum information by the unit of qudit provides the possibilities for noise-resilient quantum communications, delicate quantum molecular simulations, and efficient quantum computations, showing great potential to enhance the capabilities of qubit-based quantum technologies. Here, we report a programmable high-dimensional quantum processor in a silicon-photonic in-tegrated circuit, which monolithically integrates all the key functionalities and capabilities of initialisation, manipulation, and measurement of the two quantum quart (ququart) states, and demonstrate its enhancement of quantum computational paral-lelism. By reprogramming the processor, we implemented the basic quantum Fourier transform algorithms, all in quaternary, to benchmark the enhancement of quantum parallelism using qudits. The monolithic integration and high programmability have allowed the implementations of more than one million high-fidelity preparations, operations and projections of qudit states in the processor. Our work shows an integrated photonic quantum technology for qudit-based quantum computing with enhanced capacity, accuracy, and efficiency, which could lead to the acceleration of building a large-scale Quantum computer.

DOI
10.1109/tencon55691.2022.9977476

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Controlling and programming quantum devices to process quantum information by the unit of qudit provides the possibilities for noise-resilient quantum communications, delicate quantum molecular simulations, and efficient quantum computations, showing great potential to enhance the capabilities of qubit-based quantum technologies. Here, we report a programmable high-dimensional quantum processor in a silicon-photonic in-tegrated circuit, which monolithically integrates all the key functionalities and capabilities of initialisation, manipulation, and measurement of the two quantum quart (ququart) states, and demonstrate its enhancement of quantum computational paral-lelism. By reprogramming the processor, we implemented the basic quantum Fourier transform algorithms, all in quaternary, to benchmark the enhancement of quantum parallelism using qudits. The monolithic integration and high programmability have allowed the implementations of more than one million high-fidelity preparations, operations and projections of qudit states in the processor. Our work shows an integrated photonic quantum technology for qudit-based quantum computing with enhanced capacity, accuracy, and efficiency, which could lead to the acceleration of building a large-scale Quantum computer.
Controlling and programming quantum devices to process quantum information by the unit of quantum dit, i.e., qudit, provides the possibilities for noise-resilient quantum communications, delicate quantum molecular simulations, and efficient quantum computations, showing great potential to enhance the capabilities of qubit-based quantum technologies. Here, we report a programmable qudit-based quantum processor in silicon-photonic integrated circuits and demonstrate its enhancement of quantum computational parallelism. The processor monolithically integrates all the key functionalities and capabilities of initialisation, manipulation, and measurement of the two quantum quart (ququart) states and multi-value quantum-controlled logic gates with high-level fidelities. By reprogramming the configuration of the processor, we implemented the most basic quantum Fourier transform algorithms, all in quaternary, to benchmark the enhancement of quantum parallelism using qudits, which include generalised Deutsch-Jozsa and Bernstein-Vazirani algorithms, quaternary phase estimation and fast factorization algorithms. The monolithic integration and high programmability have allowed the implementations of more than one million high-fidelity preparations, operations and projections of qudit states in the processor. Our work shows an integrated photonic quantum technology for qudit-based quantum computing with enhanced capacity, accuracy, and efficiency, which could lead to the acceleration of building a large-scale quantum computer.
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Controlling and programming quantum devices to process quantum information by the unit of qudit shows great potential to enhance the capabilities of qubit-based quantum technologies. Here, we report a programmable qudit-based quantum processor in silicon-photonic integrated circuits and demonstrate its enhancement of quantum computational parallelism. The processor monolithically integrates all the key functionalities and capabilities of initialisation, manipulation, and measurement of the two-ququart states and multi-value quantum-controlled logic gates with high-level fidelities. We implemented the basic quantum Fourier transform algorithms to benchmark the enhancement of quantum parallelism using qudits, allowing the implementations of more than one million high-fidelity preparations, operations and projections of qudit states in the processor. Our work shows an integrated quantum technology for qudit-based quantum computing with enhanced capacity, accuracy, and efficiency.
Frequency-bin encoding has recently emerged as a powerful approach for photonic quantum information processing, offering high dimensionality, gate-parallelization, and compatibility with existing telecommunication infrastructure. However, its scalable deployment has so far been hindered by the lack of an integrated platform capable of unifying quantum state generation, coherent frequency mixing, and programmable spectral control.\\ Here, we report the first fully integrated quantum frequency processor, monolithically integrating on the same silicon photonic chip a microresonator-based biphoton quantum frequency comb source, a pump-rejection filter, high-speed phase modulators, and a four-channel, line-by-line pulse shaper. We demonstrate key functionalities, such as tunable frequency beamsplitters with success probabilities exceeding 94%94\%94% and fidelities above 99.9%99.9\%99.9%, as well as the ability to synthesize more general single-qubit gates. Finally, we generate and coherently manipulate high-dimensional frequency-bin entangled states entirely on chip, showcasing control over two-photon quantum walks and performing the first on-chip frequency-bin quantum state tomography of a Bell-state with a fidelity of 95.7(3)%95.7(3)\%95.7(3)%. By integrating all key functional elements on the same 4×7 mm24\times7\,\textrm{mm}^24×7mm2 chip, with the possibility of scaling to a larger number of modes, our work marks an important step toward large-scale frequency-domain photonic processors for both classical and quantum applications.
Whilst holding great promise for low noise, ease of operation and networking, useful photonic quantum computing has been precluded by the need for beyond-state-of-the-art components, manufactured by the millions. Here we introduce a manufacturable platform for quantum computing with photons. We benchmark a set of monolithically-integrated silicon photonics-based modules to generate, manipulate, network, and detect photonic qubits, demonstrating dual-rail photonic qubits with 99.98%±0.01%99.98\% \pm 0.01\%99.98%±0.01% state preparation and measurement fidelity, Hong-Ou-Mandel quantum interference between independent photon sources with 99.50%±0.25%99.50\%\pm0.25\%99.50%±0.25% visibility, two-qubit fusion with 99.22%±0.12%99.22\%\pm0.12\%99.22%±0.12% fidelity, and a chip-to-chip qubit interconnect with 99.72%±0.04%99.72\%\pm0.04\%99.72%±0.04% fidelity, not accounting for loss. In addition, we preview a selection of next generation technologies, demonstrating low-loss silicon nitride waveguides and components, fabrication-tolerant photon sources, high-efficiency photon-number-resolving detectors, low-loss chip-to-fiber coupling, and barium titanate electro-optic phase shifters.