Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Loss-induced suppression, revival, and switch of photon blockade

Yunlan Zuo, Ran Huang, Le‐Man Kuang, Xun‐Wei Xu, Hui Jing

Published Oct 21, 2022• 41 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Loss-induced transparency (LIT), featuring the revival of optical intensity by adding loss, has been demonstrated in classical optics. However, a fundamental question has remained unexplored, i.e., during the process of LIT, whether quantum correlations of the photons can also be revived or even tuned by increasing the loss. Here we find that, accompanying classical LIT in a nonlinear optical-molecule system, a purely quantum effect as photon blockade (PB) indeed can be revived with the help of loss. In particular, a quantum critical point emerges in the system: below the point, adding loss leads to the suppression of optical intensity and its correlations; in contrast, by surpassing the point, PB is revived and enhanced with more losses. Also, a quantum switch between single-PB and two-PB can be realized by simply tuning the loss. Our work provides a counterintuitive strategy to engineer quantum devices in a practical lossy environment.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.106.043715

Related papers

Loss-Induced Quantum Revival

Yunlan Zuo, Ran Huang, Le‐Man Kuang +2 more

Conventional wisdom holds that quantum effects are fragile and can be destroyed by loss. Here, contrary to general belief, we show how to realize quantum revival of optical correlations at the single-photon level with the help of loss. We find that, accompanying loss-induced transparency of light in a nonlinear optical-molecule system, quantum suppression and revival of photonic correlations can be achieved. Specifically, below critical values, adding loss into the system leads to suppressions of both optical intensity and its non-classical correlations; however, by further increasing the loss beyond the critical values, quantum revival of photon blockade (PB) can emerge, resulting in loss-induced switch between single-PB and two-PB or super-Poissonian light. Our work provides a strategy to reverse the effect of loss in fully quantum regime, opening up a counterintuitive route to explore and utilize loss-tuned single-photon devices for quantum technology.

arXiv:2202.02482•Feb 5, 2022•0 citations

Research on photon blockade based on two-photon dissipation

Hongming Tao

The photon blockade (PB) effect represents a quintessential manifestation of quantum optical nonlinearity, where the presence of a single photon within an optical cavity prevents the entry of a second one, thereby realizing a single-photon source. This effect underpins numerous applications in quantum information processing, secure communication, and quantum computation. Nevertheless, the intrinsic nonlinearity of practical optical systems is often too weak to produce a strong blockade, making the enhancement and controllability of the PB effect a persistent challenge. To overcome this limitation, we investigate a two-cavity quantum system incorporating two-photon dissipation as an alternative mechanism for realizing photon blockade. In contrast to conventional schemes that primarily consider single-photon loss, the proposed configuration introduces a second-order nonlinear dissipation channel, through which the correlated loss of photon pairs fundamentally modifies the photon statistics and strengthens the blockade effect. Based on quantum master equation theory, we constructed a model of a two-cavity system incorporating two-photon dissipation and analyzed the effect of different parameters on the photon blockade effect through numerical simulations.

International Conference on Optoelectronic Materials and Devices (ICOMD)•May 18, 2026•0 citations

Loss-induced quantum nonreciprocity

Baijun Li, Yunlan Zuo, Le‐Man Kuang +2 more

Attribute to their robustness against loss and external noise, nonreciprocal photonic devices hold great promise for applications in quantum information processing. Recent advancements have demonstrated that nonreciprocal optical transmission in linear systems can be achieved through the strategic introduction of loss. However, a crucial question remains unanswered: can loss be harnessed as a resource for generating nonreciprocal quantum correlations? Here, we take a counterintuitive stance by engineering loss to generate a vital form of nonreciprocal quantum correlations, termed nonreciprocal photon blockade . We examine a dissipative three-cavity system comprising two nonlinear cavities and a linear cavity. The interplay of loss and nonlinearity leads to a robust nonreciprocal single- and two-photon blockade, facilitated by destructive quantum interference. Furthermore, we demonstrate the tunability of this nonreciprocal photon blockade by manipulating the relative phase between the two nonlinear cavities. Remarkably, this allows for the reversal of the direction of nonreciprocity. Our study not only sheds a light on the concept of loss-engineered quantum nonreciprocity but also opens up a pathway for the design of quantum nonreciprocal photonic devices.

arXiv:2403.14476•npj Quantum Information•Aug 12, 2024•31 citations

Enhanced unconventional photon blockade in coupled optical cavities

Li Yan, Man-tong Zhao, Lu‐Gang Cai +1 more

Abstract Quantum information processing, a key component of quantum information science, has attracted considerable attention. Its realization requires physical platforms and resources, among which optical systems and single-photon sources based on photon blockade (PB) have been widely employed. Here we investigate PB behaviors in a coupled optical cavity system driven by both single- and two-photon fields. The optimal conditions for PB are obtained with respect to the two-photon driving strength and cavity-laser detuning via analytical calculations. Using these optimal solutions, we show that a significant PB effect is achievable even with weak Kerr nonlinearity, and confirm that this behavior corresponds to unconventional PB (UPB) through a comparison of the second- and third-order correlation functions. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that UPB can be enhanced by two-photon dissipation. These results provide theoretical strategies for enhancing UPB, and offer insight into its fundamental mechanism.

Physica Scripta•Oct 15, 2026•0 citations

Photon Blockade Mediated by Two-Photon Absorption in an Optical Parametric Amplifier

Wei An, Jie Zhu

Photon blockade (PB) is a quantum effect in strongly nonlinear systems where a single photon prevents the system from being excited to a higher level, generating anti-bunched light fields. It enables the generation of single-photon sources for quantum information processing. Conventional photon blockade (CPB) leverages strong nonlinear interactions to generate an anharmonic energy spectrum. Unconventional photon blockade (UPB) utilizes destructive quantum interference between excitation pathways. Recently, environmentally induced photon blockade (EPB) has emerged as a novel approach, exploiting two-photon absorption (TPA) to realize photon blockade. In this work, we combine UPB and EPB together, considering the TPA effect in the optical parametric amplifier (OPA), thereby achieving a more stable PB with stronger suppression of multi-photon states.

arXiv:2509.15696•Sep 19, 2025•0 citations

Collective Enhancement of Photon Blockade via Two-Photon Interactions

Lijuan Dong, Aanal Jayesh Shah, Peter Kirton +2 more

Analogous to Coulomb blockade for electrons, photon blockade is a key quantum optical effect in which the presence of one photon prevents the transmission of subsequent ones through a nonlinear medium. Beyond its fundamental interest, photon and multi-photon blockade are actively studied as mechanisms for generating technologically-relevant quantum states of light. Although photon blockade typically requires achieving strong light-matter coupling, increasing the number of atoms fails to enhance antibunching. Here, we analyze the optical transmission properties of a quantum resonator that embeds a two-photon-coupled ensemble of emitters, combining an approximate analytical approach with full quantum numerical simulations. We show that when light and matter are coupled via a two-photon interaction, both single- and multi-photon blockade can benefit from a collective enhancement. We propose different driving schemes in which the second or third-order correlation functions are strongly suppressed with increasing atom number. Differently from established methods, this collective enhancement of non-classical properties occurs with unitary transmission and is ultimately constrained only by decoherence. This demonstrates that collective two-photon couplings are a powerful mechanism for realizing photon blockade even in platforms where individual strong coupling is not achievable.

quant-pharXiv:2511.11506•PRX Quantum•Nov 17, 2025•0 citations
Loss-induced transparency (LIT), featuring the revival of optical intensity by adding loss, has been demonstrated in classical optics. However, a fundamental question has remained unexplored, i.e., during the process of LIT, whether quantum correlations of the photons can also be revived or even tuned by increasing the loss. Here we find that, accompanying classical LIT in a nonlinear optical-molecule system, a purely quantum effect as photon blockade (PB) indeed can be revived with the help of loss. In particular, a quantum critical point emerges in the system: below the point, adding loss leads to the suppression of optical intensity and its correlations; in contrast, by surpassing the point, PB is revived and enhanced with more losses. Also, a quantum switch between single-PB and two-PB can be realized by simply tuning the loss. Our work provides a counterintuitive strategy to engineer quantum devices in a practical lossy environment.
Conventional wisdom holds that quantum effects are fragile and can be destroyed by loss. Here, contrary to general belief, we show how to realize quantum revival of optical correlations at the single-photon level with the help of loss. We find that, accompanying loss-induced transparency of light in a nonlinear optical-molecule system, quantum suppression and revival of photonic correlations can be achieved. Specifically, below critical values, adding loss into the system leads to suppressions of both optical intensity and its non-classical correlations; however, by further increasing the loss beyond the critical values, quantum revival of photon blockade (PB) can emerge, resulting in loss-induced switch between single-PB and two-PB or super-Poissonian light. Our work provides a strategy to reverse the effect of loss in fully quantum regime, opening up a counterintuitive route to explore and utilize loss-tuned single-photon devices for quantum technology.
The photon blockade (PB) effect represents a quintessential manifestation of quantum optical nonlinearity, where the presence of a single photon within an optical cavity prevents the entry of a second one, thereby realizing a single-photon source. This effect underpins numerous applications in quantum information processing, secure communication, and quantum computation. Nevertheless, the intrinsic nonlinearity of practical optical systems is often too weak to produce a strong blockade, making the enhancement and controllability of the PB effect a persistent challenge. To overcome this limitation, we investigate a two-cavity quantum system incorporating two-photon dissipation as an alternative mechanism for realizing photon blockade. In contrast to conventional schemes that primarily consider single-photon loss, the proposed configuration introduces a second-order nonlinear dissipation channel, through which the correlated loss of photon pairs fundamentally modifies the photon statistics and strengthens the blockade effect. Based on quantum master equation theory, we constructed a model of a two-cavity system incorporating two-photon dissipation and analyzed the effect of different parameters on the photon blockade effect through numerical simulations.
Attribute to their robustness against loss and external noise, nonreciprocal photonic devices hold great promise for applications in quantum information processing. Recent advancements have demonstrated that nonreciprocal optical transmission in linear systems can be achieved through the strategic introduction of loss. However, a crucial question remains unanswered: can loss be harnessed as a resource for generating nonreciprocal quantum correlations? Here, we take a counterintuitive stance by engineering loss to generate a vital form of nonreciprocal quantum correlations, termed nonreciprocal photon blockade . We examine a dissipative three-cavity system comprising two nonlinear cavities and a linear cavity. The interplay of loss and nonlinearity leads to a robust nonreciprocal single- and two-photon blockade, facilitated by destructive quantum interference. Furthermore, we demonstrate the tunability of this nonreciprocal photon blockade by manipulating the relative phase between the two nonlinear cavities. Remarkably, this allows for the reversal of the direction of nonreciprocity. Our study not only sheds a light on the concept of loss-engineered quantum nonreciprocity but also opens up a pathway for the design of quantum nonreciprocal photonic devices.
Abstract Quantum information processing, a key component of quantum information science, has attracted considerable attention. Its realization requires physical platforms and resources, among which optical systems and single-photon sources based on photon blockade (PB) have been widely employed. Here we investigate PB behaviors in a coupled optical cavity system driven by both single- and two-photon fields. The optimal conditions for PB are obtained with respect to the two-photon driving strength and cavity-laser detuning via analytical calculations. Using these optimal solutions, we show that a significant PB effect is achievable even with weak Kerr nonlinearity, and confirm that this behavior corresponds to unconventional PB (UPB) through a comparison of the second- and third-order correlation functions. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that UPB can be enhanced by two-photon dissipation. These results provide theoretical strategies for enhancing UPB, and offer insight into its fundamental mechanism.
Photon blockade (PB) is a quantum effect in strongly nonlinear systems where a single photon prevents the system from being excited to a higher level, generating anti-bunched light fields. It enables the generation of single-photon sources for quantum information processing. Conventional photon blockade (CPB) leverages strong nonlinear interactions to generate an anharmonic energy spectrum. Unconventional photon blockade (UPB) utilizes destructive quantum interference between excitation pathways. Recently, environmentally induced photon blockade (EPB) has emerged as a novel approach, exploiting two-photon absorption (TPA) to realize photon blockade. In this work, we combine UPB and EPB together, considering the TPA effect in the optical parametric amplifier (OPA), thereby achieving a more stable PB with stronger suppression of multi-photon states.
Analogous to Coulomb blockade for electrons, photon blockade is a key quantum optical effect in which the presence of one photon prevents the transmission of subsequent ones through a nonlinear medium. Beyond its fundamental interest, photon and multi-photon blockade are actively studied as mechanisms for generating technologically-relevant quantum states of light. Although photon blockade typically requires achieving strong light-matter coupling, increasing the number of atoms fails to enhance antibunching. Here, we analyze the optical transmission properties of a quantum resonator that embeds a two-photon-coupled ensemble of emitters, combining an approximate analytical approach with full quantum numerical simulations. We show that when light and matter are coupled via a two-photon interaction, both single- and multi-photon blockade can benefit from a collective enhancement. We propose different driving schemes in which the second or third-order correlation functions are strongly suppressed with increasing atom number. Differently from established methods, this collective enhancement of non-classical properties occurs with unitary transmission and is ultimately constrained only by decoherence. This demonstrates that collective two-photon couplings are a powerful mechanism for realizing photon blockade even in platforms where individual strong coupling is not achievable.