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Laser Physics Letters

Analyses and optimizing of bidirectional quantum teleportation using a five-qubit cluster state as quantum channel

Hao Yuan, Xiangyuan Liu, Guo‐Zhu Pan, Min Kong, Gang Zhang

Published Oct 19, 2022• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Using a five-qubit cluster state as quantum channel, a novel bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol has been proposed by Wang and Li (2022 Quantum Inf. Process. 21 44) recently in which there are two legitimate parties, Alice and Bob. Alice can teleport a two-qubit pure entangled state to Bob, simultaneously Bob can teleport a single-qubit state to Alice. In this paper, based on the same five-qubit cluster state as quantum resource, we put forward an optimized protocol. A comparison with Wang and Li’s protocol is made which reveals distinct advantages of the optimized protocol in reducing the classical resources and degrading the complexity of necessary quantum operations, as well as increasing the inherent efficiency. Additionally, some mistakes in Wang and Li’s protocol are pointed out and amended.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/ac92e1

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Abstract Using a five-qubit cluster state as quantum channel, a novel bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol has been proposed by Wang and Li (2022 Quantum Inf. Process. 21 44) recently in which there are two legitimate parties, Alice and Bob. Alice can teleport a two-qubit pure entangled state to Bob, simultaneously Bob can teleport a single-qubit state to Alice. In this paper, based on the same five-qubit cluster state as quantum resource, we put forward an optimized protocol. A comparison with Wang and Li’s protocol is made which reveals distinct advantages of the optimized protocol in reducing the classical resources and degrading the complexity of necessary quantum operations, as well as increasing the inherent efficiency. Additionally, some mistakes in Wang and Li’s protocol are pointed out and amended.
Quantum teleportation is considered as the most basic process of quantum communication. It is undoubtedly beneficial for the realization of quantum teleportation while transmitting the maximum number of quantum bits with the minimum number of quantum channel resources. An improved bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol based on a quantum channel of six-qubit cluster state is proposed. In this paper, the user Alice can transmit an unknown three-qubit entangled state to the user Bob, and at the same time, the user Bob can transmit an arbitrary single-qubit state to the user Alice by utilizing GHz-state measurement, bell-state measurement, single-qubit Von Neumann measurement, and unitary operations. Compared with other schemes in quantum resource consumption, necessary operation complexity including operation difficulty and intensity, classical resource consumption, quantum information bits transmitted, and intrinsic efficiency, our scheme has the remarkable advantages in transmitting more quantum information and possesses higher intrinsic efficiency.
This work presents a two-way teleportation protocol for the transfer of an unknown two-qubit quantum state between two parties Alice and Bob, utilizing a six-qubit cluster state. This bidirectional exchange is achieved by performing Bell measurements on the qubit pairs of Alice and Bob, ensuring the successful teleportation of the quantum state for both parties. We demonstrate the proposed protocol by designing a teleportation circuit that incorporates the necessary quantum gates. The fidelity of the teleportation process is evaluated through simulations, confirming the accuracy and reliability of the proposed scheme. The protocol restores teleported states without requiring CNOT operations or auxiliary qubits, offering a significant advantage in resource efficiency(utilization). A comparative analysis of the intrinsic efficiency with previous approaches establishes that the proposed protocol brings forth an efficient approach for achieving two-way quantum teleportation.
Recently, Li and Nie (Int. J. Theo. Phys. 52:1630, 2013) had introduced a bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation (BCQT) protocol by using GHZ-Bell state as a quantum channel. Also, Shukla et al. (Int. J. Theo. Phys. 52:3790, 2013) had shown the Li and Nie (LN) protocol is not a BCQT scheme. In this paper, two kinds of bidirectional teleportation schemes in order to correct and improve LN protocol are presented. In the first scheme, Alice and Bob as two legitimate users can simultaneously teleport an unknown single-qubit state to each other with the help of controller Charlie. In the second scheme, Alice can transmit two-qubit entangled state to Bob and at the same time Bob can teleport single-qubit state to Alice. In both of proposed schemes the quantum channel linking users is a GHZ-Bell state.
Abstract In this paper, we propose a new scheme for faithful bidirectional quantum teleportation (BQT) of special type of two-qubit entangled states by using single G state as a quantum channel. In 2016, by using five-qubit and six-qubit entangled states as the quantum channels, two different BQT schemes were proposed by Sang ((2016) Int. J. Theor. Phys . 55 , 1333) and Hassanpour et al ((2016) Quantum Inf. Process. 15 , 905) respectively. In first scheme, Alice teleports a special type of two-qubit entangled state to Bob and at the same time Bob teleports a single qubit state to Alice. In later scheme, Alice and Bob teleport special type of two-qubit entangled state to each other simultaneously. In contrast to these schemes, in our proposed scheme Alice and Bob can teleport special type of two-qubit entangled states to each other simultaneously while the quantum channel is a four-qubit entangled state. Our proposed BQT scheme requires minimum consumption of quantum and classical resources and it has maximum intrinsic efficiency as compared with previous BQT schemes. We also generalize our scheme for bidirectional quantum teleportation of N-qubit entangled states.
A bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation (BCQT) scheme was proposed by Yan Chen [Int. J. Theor. Phys. 53, 1454 (2014)] with a genuine five-qubit entangled state as quantum channel. In the scheme two remote participants have to perform some two-qubit joint operations to accomplish the BCQT task. Such joint operations are nonlocal and usually regarded as serious faults in some sense. To overcome them, in this paper we put forward an optimized version. Our scheme has the distinct advantages of degrading the necessary-operation complexity (i.e., both intensity and difficulty) and consuming fewer classical resources as well as owing higher intrinsic efficiency in contrast to Chen’s. Besides, it is feasible in experiment and applicable in the intending quantum network.