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CRC Press eBooks

Some More Concepts and Results in Quantum Information Theory

Harish Parthasarathy

Published Oct 17, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Let https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> | x > = ∑ a | x a ⊗ u a > https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003353454/e21648bc-3c5c-46b7-b52d-2c5637ecef01/content/math7_67_1_B.tif" xmlns:xlink=" https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink "/>

DOI
10.1201/9781003353454-7

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Let ρ, σ be two states and let spectral be https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> ρ = ∑ a | e a > p ( a ) < e a | , σ = ∑ a | f a > q ( a ) < f a | https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003353553/1603a02c-0268-4c9d-8b97-09135b05559e/content/math10_129_1_B.tif" xmlns:xlink=" https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink "/> so that < e a | e b >= δ ( a, b ), < f a | f b >= δ ( a, b ). The relative entropy between these two states is https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> D ( ρ | σ ) = T r ( ρ . ( log ( ρ ) − log ( σ ) ) ) = ∑ a p ( a ) log ( p ( a ) ) − ∑ a , b p ( a ) log ( q b ) | < e a | f b > | 2 = ∑ a , b ( p ( a ) | < e a | f b > | 2 ( log ( p ( a ) | < e a | f b > | 2 ) − log ( q b | < e a | f b > | 2 ) ) = ∑ a , b ( P ( a , b ) log ( P ( a , b ) ) − log ( Q ( a , b ) ) ) = D ( P | Q ) https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003353553/1603a02c-0268-4c9d-8b97-09135b05559e/content/math10_129_2_B.tif" xmlns:xlink=" https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink "/>

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Let https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> | x > = ∑ a | x a ⊗ u a > https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003353454/e21648bc-3c5c-46b7-b52d-2c5637ecef01/content/math7_67_1_B.tif" xmlns:xlink=" https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink "/>
Let ρ, σ be two states and let spectral be https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> ρ = ∑ a | e a > p ( a ) < e a | , σ = ∑ a | f a > q ( a ) < f a | https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003353553/1603a02c-0268-4c9d-8b97-09135b05559e/content/math10_129_1_B.tif" xmlns:xlink=" https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink "/> so that < e a | e b >= δ ( a, b ), < f a | f b >= δ ( a, b ). The relative entropy between these two states is https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> D ( ρ | σ ) = T r ( ρ . ( log ( ρ ) − log ( σ ) ) ) = ∑ a p ( a ) log ( p ( a ) ) − ∑ a , b p ( a ) log ( q b ) | < e a | f b > | 2 = ∑ a , b ( p ( a ) | < e a | f b > | 2 ( log ( p ( a ) | < e a | f b > | 2 ) − log ( q b | < e a | f b > | 2 ) ) = ∑ a , b ( P ( a , b ) log ( P ( a , b ) ) − log ( Q ( a , b ) ) ) = D ( P | Q ) https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003353553/1603a02c-0268-4c9d-8b97-09135b05559e/content/math10_129_2_B.tif" xmlns:xlink=" https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink "/>
Statement of the result: Let 0 ≤ s ≤ 1 and let K be a TPCP map acting on the convex set of states in a finite dimensional Hilbert space. Then, for any two states +ρ, σ, we have https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> T r ( K ( σ ) s K ( ρ ) 1 − s ) ≥ T r ( σ s ρ 1 − s ) https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003353454/e21648bc-3c5c-46b7-b52d-2c5637ecef01/content/math1_1_B.tif" xmlns:xlink=" https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink "/>
[1] If X is a Gaussian random vector with covariance R, then since the normal distribution maximizes the entropy of a probability distribution with second moment constraint, it follows that for any random variable Z having covariance R, we have https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> H ( Z ) ≤ H ( X ) = ( n / 2 log ) ( 2 π e ) + ( 1 / 2 ) log | R | https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003353454/e21648bc-3c5c-46b7-b52d-2c5637ecef01/content/math11_171_1_B.tif" xmlns:xlink=" https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink "/>