Quantum mechanics originates from the study of the spectrum of hydrogen atom and the black body radiation and the development of this theory has been very successful for the study of atoms, the nucleus and the classification of elementary particles using SU (3) group. But the course of quantum mechanics in the second year should be revised to take account of these developments not only in terms of program but also from an educational point of view, especially for students of mathematical orientation. In this work we give an idea about the origin of quantum mechanics and we summarize the Schrodinger, the Dirac formalisms of quantum mechanic and the path integral. After exposing the Dirac's method of the oscillator we treat the Schwinger's approach of angular momentum. We present the theory of the central potential, the Quarks model and the classification: of chemical elements and elementary particles. We present a summary of the approaches of group theory. We present the theory of SU (3) and the decomposition of tensor product of SU (3). To take account of level of students we use in the applications our generating function method for its simplicity.
Quantum mechanics originates from the study of the spectrum of hydrogen atom and the black body radiation and the development of this theory has been very successful for the study of atoms, the nucleus and the classification of elementary particles using SU (3) group. But the course of quantum mechanics in the second year should be revised to take account of these developments not only in terms of program but also from an educational point of view, especially for students of mathematical orientation. In this work we give an idea about the origin of quantum mechanics and we summarize the Schrodinger, the Dirac formalisms of quantum mechanic and the path integral. After exposing the Dirac's method of the oscillator we treat the Schwinger's approach of angular momentum. We present the theory of the central potential, the Quarks model and the classification: of chemical elements and elementary particles. We present a summary of the approaches of group theory. We present the theory of SU (3) and the decomposition of tensor product of SU (3). To take account of level of students we use in the applications our generating function method for its simplicity.
This text presents a rigorous mathematical account of the principles of quantum mechanics, in particular as applied to chemistry and chemical physics. Applications are used as illustrations of the basic theory. The first two chapters serve as an introduction to quantum theory, although it is assumed that the reader has been exposed to elementary quantum mechanics as part of an undergraduate physical chemistry or atomic physics course. Following a discussion of wave motion leading to Schrödinger's wave mechanics, the postulates of quantum mechanics are presented along with essential mathematical concepts and techniques. The postulates are rigorously applied to the harmonic oscillator, angular momentum, the hydrogen atom, the variation method, perturbation theory, and nuclear motion. Modern theoretical concepts such as hermitian operators, Hilbert space, Dirac notation, and ladder operators are introduced and used throughout. This text is appropriate for beginning graduate students in chemistry, chemical physics, molecular physics and materials science.
This book covers the entire span of quantum mechanics whose developments have taken place during the early part of the twentieth century up till the present day. We start with the Rutherford-Bohr model of the atom followed by Schrodinger's wave mechanics with its application to the solution of calculating the energy spectrum of a particle in a box, the harmonic oscillator and finally the hydrogen atom. Heisenberg's matrix mechanics and its duality with Schrodinger's wave mechanics, quantum mechanics in the interaction picture. Dirac's relativistic theory of the electron exhibiting the spin of the electron as a relativistic effect when it interacts with an external electromagnetic field. Feynman's path integral approach to non-relativistic quantum mechanics with is a marvellous intuitive interpretation as a sum over paths and how classical mechanics is obtained from its limit as Planck' constant tends to zero, methods for computing the spectra of the Dirac Hamiltonian in a radial potential, quantum field theory as developed by Feynman, Schwinger, Tomonaga and Dyson for describing the interaction between electrons, positrons, and photons via propagators using both the operator theoretic expansions and Feynman's path integral. We also introduce time independent and time dependent perturbation theory in quantum mechanics with applications to quantum gate design for quantum computers forming a major part of the research conducted by the author's research group, Quantum noise introduced into the Schrodinger and Dirac's equation based on the Hudson-Parthasarathy quantum stochastic calculus in Boson Fock space, scattering theory and wave operators with applications to quantum gate design, some aspects of second quantization like the interpretation of Boson Fock space in terms of harmonic oscillator algebras and the BCS theory of superconductivity, Wigner-Mackey-Frobenius theory of induced representations of a group with applications to Wigner's theory of particle classification, Dirac's equation in a gravitational field and Yang-Mills non-Abelian gauge theories with application to the construction of unified quantum field theories and finally, the more recent theory of super-symmetry which is a Boson-Fermion unification theory. We have discussed the statistics of Boson's, Fermions and Maxwell-Boltzmann based on entropy maximization. The book is written in problem-solution format and it would be of use to physicists and engineers interested respectively in developing unified field theories and in the design of quantum gates. Note: T&F does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
This book has grown out of a one term course on quantum mechanics for third year mathematics students taught in the School of Mathematics at the University of Bristol. The genesis of quantum mechanics is in the field of physics, but from early on the infusion of new mathematics into the field has often proven fruitful (e.g. Hilbert space, matrix theory, the mathematical framework of Hamiltonian mechanics, tensor products, etc.). This course seeks to develop the mathematical framework that will equip the student for further studies in quantum mechanics while, at the same time, providing some insight into “what it means” physically.
This extended and updated second edition course text presents a logical and concise introduction to the basic concepts, applications, and physical meaning of quantum mechanics. An initial review of classical mechanics and electromagnetism provides the reader with the context for quantum mechanics. Starting with atomic level experimental results, the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics is derived, with the wave function related to the statistical theory of random variables. Applying the requirement of Galilean invariance yields the Schrödinger equation, and the Copenhagen interpretation of the wave function is discussed. After numerous basic applications of wave mechanics, including the hydrogen atom and the harmonic oscillator, the text then presents Dirac notation and Hilbert space theory. New chapters discuss perturbation theory, path integrals, scattering theory, and quantum entanglement. Key features • Extended and updated edition of a well-used textbook. • Offers a thorough connection to classical mechanics and electromagnetism. • Provides a logical development of basic quantum mechanical concepts and a connection to formal quantum mechanics. • Acts as a complete introduction to the most important quantum mechanical results in basic systems. • An introductory text that provides connections to the current research in quantum computing and measurement theory.
We expose the Schrödinger quantum mechanics with traditional applications to Hydrogen atom. We discuss carefully the experimental and theoretical background for the introduction of the Schrödinger, Pauli and Dirac equations, as well as for the Maxwell equations. We explain in detail all basic theoretical concepts. We explain all details of the calculations and mathematical tools: Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism for the systems with finite degree of freedom and for fields, Geometric Optics, the Hamilton-Jacobi equation and WKB approximation, Noether theory of invariants including the theorem on currents, four conservation laws (energy, momentum, angular momentum and charge), Lie algebra of angular momentum and spherical functions, scattering theory (limiting amplitude principle and limiting absorption principle), the Lienard-Wiechert formulas, Lorentz group and Lorentz formulas, Pauli theorem and relativistic covariance of the Dirac equation, etc. We give a detailed oveview of the conceptual development of the quantum mechanics, and expose main achievements of the ``old quantum mechanics'' in the form of exercises. One of our basic aim in writing this book, is an open and concrete discussion of the problem of a mathematical description of the following two fundamental quantum phenomena: i) Bohr's quantum transitions and ii) de Broglie's wave-particle duality. Both phenomena cannot be described by autonomous linear dynamical equations, and we give them a new mathematical treatment related with recent progress in the theory of global attractors of nonlinear hyperbolic PDEs.
Assuming a background in basic classical physics, multivariable calculus, and differential equations, A Concise Introduction to Quantum Mechanics provides a self-contained presentation of the mathematics and physics of quantum mechanics. The relevant aspects of classical mechanics and electrodynamics are reviewed, and the basic concepts of wave-particle duality are developed as a logical outgrowth of experiments involving blackbody radiation, the photoelectric effect, and electron diffraction. The Copenhagen interpretation of the wave function and its relation to the particle probability density is presented in conjunction with Fourier analysis and its generalization to function spaces. These concepts are combined to analyze the system consisting of a particle confined to a box, developing the probabilistic interpretation of observations and their associated expectation values. The Schrödinger equation is then derived by using these results and demanding both Galilean invariance of the probability density and Newtonian energy-momentum relations. The general properties of the Schrödinger equation and its solutions are analyzed, and the theory of observables is developed along with the associated Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Basic applications of wave mechanics are made to free wave packet spreading, barrier penetration, the simple harmonic oscillator, the Hydrogen atom, and an electric charge in a uniform magnetic field. In addition, Dirac notation, elements of Hilbert space theory, operator techniques, and matrix algebra are presented and used to analyze coherent states, the linear potential, two state oscillations, and electron diffraction. Applications are made to photon and electron spin and the addition of angular momentum, and direct product multiparticle states are used to formulate both the Pauli exclusion principle and quantum decoherence. The book concludes with an introduction to the rotation group and the general properties of angular momentum.