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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Design and protocol of a spin-optomechanical quantum repeater

Hamza Raniwala, Stefan Krastanov, Matt Eichenfield, Dirk Englund

Published Jan 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum repeaters require long-lived quantum memories interfaced with telecom-wavelength fiber optics. We design a tapered diamond optomechanical cavity me-chanically coupled to a Group IV spin and propose its operation in heralded quantum en-tanglement.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jth3a.60

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We propose a coherent mechanical interface between defect centers in diamond and telecom optical modes. Combining recent developments in spin-mechanical devices and optomechanical crystals, we introduce a 1D diamond nanobeam with embedded mechanical and electric field concentrator with mechanical and optical mode volumes Vmech/Λp3∼10−5V_\mathrm{mech}/Λ_\mathrm{p}^3\sim 10^{-5}Vmech​/Λp3​∼10−5 and $V_\mathrm{opt}/λ^3\sim 10^{-3} $, respectively. By placing a Group IV vacancy in the concentrator we demonstrate exquisitely high spin-mechanical coupling rates approaching 40 MHz, while retaining high acousto-optical couplings. We theoretically show that such a device, used in an entanglement heralding scheme, can provide high-fidelity Bell pairs between quantum repeaters. Using the mechanical interface as an intermediary between the optical and spin subsystems, we are able to directly use telecom optics, bypassing the native wavelength requirements of the spin. As the spin is never optically excited or addressed, we do not suffer from spectral diffusion and can operate at higher temperatures (up to 40 K), limited only by thermal losses. We estimate that based on these metrics, optomechanical devices with high spin-mechanical coupling will be a useful architecture for near-term quantum repeaters.
We propose and analyze a hybrid quantum repeater architecture that combines two leading hardware platforms: quantum dots (QDs) as bright, deterministic sources of entangled photon pairs and group-IV-vacancy centers in diamond as efficient, heralded quantum memories. This combination leverages high-rate entanglement generation together with long-lived storage, enabling scalable entanglement distribution over long distances. A key challenge is the large bandwidth mismatch between QD photons and the narrow optical transitions of the memories. We combine a comprehensive model of the spin-photon interface, including full spin-photon coupling dynamics, and explore mitigation strategies such as frequency filtering and optimized magnetic-field orientation. Our results show that with optimized designs, photon-to-memory transfer can be achieved with high efficiency and fidelity, supporting the feasibility of such hybrid systems. Finally, we analyze a full repeater chain using experimentally achievable parameters and find that a network with thousands of memories across several repeater nodes could achieve a secret-key rate of 500 bit/s over 1,000 km, demonstrating the strong potential of this approach for next-generation quantum networks.