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Efficient and broadband thin film lithium niobate telecom photon pair source and frequency domain applications

Antoine Henry, Isabelle Zaquine, Nadia Belabas, Kamel Bencheikh, Andreas Boes, Arnan Mitchell

Published Jul 11, 2022• 0 citations
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Abstract Broadband photon pairs are highly desirable for quantum metrology, quantum sensing, and quantum communication. Such sources are usually designed through type-0 phase-matching spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) that makes the photon pairs hard to separate in the frequency-degenerate case and thus limits their applications. In this paper, we design a broadband frequency-degenerate telecom-band photon pair source via the type-II SPDC in a dispersion-engineered thin-film lithium niobate waveguide, where the polarization modes of photon pairs are orthogonal and thus are easily separated deterministically. With a 5-mm-long waveguide, our design can achieve a bandwidth of 5.56 THz (44.8 nm), which is 8.6 times larger than that of the bulk lithium niobate, and the central wavelength can be flexibly adjusted. Our design is a promising approach towards high-quality integrated photon sources and may have wide applications in photonic quantum technologies.
Within the last decade, thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has emerged as a leading integrated photonics platform with immediate applications in classical communications. Concurrently, TFLN components tailored to the requirements of photonic quantum information processing have also garnered considerable interest. Chief among these is the quasi-phase matched (QPM) nonlinear frequency mixer—implemented via periodic domain inversion in ferroelectric lithium niobate—which can be used to generate photon pairs, squeezed states of light, and to perform single photon frequency conversion. Here, we demonstrate progress towards realizing a spectrally separable photon pair source in lithium niobate via waveguide dispersion engineering—a technique uniquely enabled by sub-wavelength optical mode confinement in the thin-film platform. Subsequently, we design optimize a scalable fabrication process to produce QPM TFLN devices for applications that require strict adherence to a specified operating wavelength, such as quantum frequency conversion in a quantum communications network. Finally, we explore how high-performance electro-optic devices can be combined with these nonlinear optical devices to realize a multi-functional platform in which quantum states of light can be generated and manipulated within a single, compact photonic integrated circuit.