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Scientia Sinica Informationis

身份基加密机制的挑战后泄露容忍性

Yanwei Zhou, Zhaolong Wang, Zirui Qiao, Bo Yang, Chunxiang Gu, Zhe Xia, Zhang Mingwu

Published Jul 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

现有的多数抗泄露加密机制的研究中均假设敌手的泄露是来自收到挑战密文之前,并禁止敌手在挑战后进行泄露操作. 然而,在现实中敌手往往是接触到密文数据后会通过各种手段获取相应密钥的泄露信息,因此挑战后的泄露容忍性更符合实际环境的真实应用需求. 针对上述不足,本文将对身份基加密(Identity-based Encryption,IBE)机制的挑战后泄露容忍性展开研究,提出IBE机制熵泄露容忍性的属性要求和安全性定义;并在状态分离模型中联合熵泄露容忍的IBE机制和二源提取器设计抗挑战后泄露攻击的IBE 机制,并对上述构造在选择明文攻击下的安全性进行了形式化证明;此外,为了获得具有更优安全性的IBE机制,在上述构造的基础上,通过增加消息验证码设计选择密文攻击安全的挑战后泄露容忍的IBE机制.

DOI
10.1360/ssi-2022-0148

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现有的多数抗泄露加密机制的研究中均假设敌手的泄露是来自收到挑战密文之前,并禁止敌手在挑战后进行泄露操作. 然而,在现实中敌手往往是接触到密文数据后会通过各种手段获取相应密钥的泄露信息,因此挑战后的泄露容忍性更符合实际环境的真实应用需求. 针对上述不足,本文将对身份基加密(Identity-based Encryption,IBE)机制的挑战后泄露容忍性展开研究,提出IBE机制熵泄露容忍性的属性要求和安全性定义;并在状态分离模型中联合熵泄露容忍的IBE机制和二源提取器设计抗挑战后泄露攻击的IBE 机制,并对上述构造在选择明文攻击下的安全性进行了形式化证明;此外,为了获得具有更优安全性的IBE机制,在上述构造的基础上,通过增加消息验证码设计选择密文攻击安全的挑战后泄露容忍的IBE机制.
量子干涉仪将量子操控技术与干涉测量技术相结合,利用光场和原子的相互作用,实现对相位敏感物理量的精密测量,其精度可超越经典极限。然而,量子资源固有的脆弱性与复杂性,使得如何充分挖掘其优势以提升干涉仪的相位灵敏度并实现稳定测量,成为推动量子干涉仪走向实际应用的关键挑战。基于线性和非线性量子干涉仪,系统阐述在实际损耗环境下量子干涉相位测量的优化机制及其效果,并介绍此类技术在精密测量、量子信息存储、量子非破坏性测量等前沿领域的应用进展。此外,针对如何维持量子资源的长期稳定性这类应用难题,提出相应的解决方案并展望未来发展方向。
信息安全一直是通信领域中的一个重要挑战,而密码通信是确保信息安全的关键。传统的经典密码通信方法在过去几十年中取得了巨大的进展,但也面临着越来越严重的安全挑战,尤其是在量子计算机的崭露头角下。为了应对这些挑战,量子密码通信作为一门新兴的领域正在快速发展,利用量子力学的原理来提供前所未有的安全性。本篇文章讨论了经典密码通信与量子密码通信的现状,以及分析未来的发展趋势,量子密码通信作为信息安全的未来方向,将提供更高级别的保障,以确保隐私和数据的安全传输。
Identity-based encryption (IBE) is one of the most important primitives in cryptography, and various security notions of IBE (e. g., IND-ID-CCA2, NM-ID-CCA2, IND-sID-CPA etc.) have been introduced. The relations among them have been clarified recently. This paper, for the first time, investigates the security of IBE in the universally composable (UC) framework. This paper first defines the UC-security of IBE, i. e., we define the ideal functionality of IBE, FIBE. We then show that UC-secure IBE is equivalent to conventionally-secure (IND-ID-CCA2-secure) IBE.
作为经典随机行走在量子世界的对应,量子行走在量子相干性和纠缠的作用下,能够以更快的速度使行走者遍历所有位置,可以应用于实现各类算法,加速解决各类问题。此外,作为描述微观粒子动力学演化的有效模型,量子行走还可以作为普适的平台实现所有幺正演化,实现量子态制备、量子逻辑门操作和量子测量等,进而实现信息处理中所有关键步骤。近年来,量子行走中的新机理和新应用的研究成为了人们普遍关注的焦点。首先介绍量子行走基本模型,再结合近年来本课题组在量子行走方向上取得的相关研究成果,介绍量子行走在实现量子通信、量子计算和量子测量方面的研究进展。
Abstract Identity‐based encryption (IBE), introduced by Shamir, eliminates the need for public‐key infrastructure. The sender can simply encrypt a message by using the recipient's identity (such as email or IP address) without needing to look up the public key. In particular, when ciphertexts of an IBE do not reveal recipient's identity, this scheme is known as an anonymous IBE scheme. Recently, Blazy et al. (ARES '19) analysed the trade‐off between public safety and unconditional privacy in anonymous IBE and introduced a new notion that incorporates traceability into anonymous IBE, called anonymous IBE with traceable identities (AIBET). However, their construction is based on the discrete logarithm assumption, which is insecure in the quantum era. In this paper, we first formalize the consistency of tracing key of the AIBET scheme to ensure that a ciphertext cannot be traced with the use of wrong tracing keys. Subsequently, we present a generic formulation concept that can be used to transform structure‐specific lattice‐based anonymous IBE schemes into an AIBET. Finally, we apply this concept to Katsumata and Yamada's compact anonymous IBE scheme (Asiacrypt '16) to obtain the first quantum‐resistant AIBET scheme that is adaptively secure under the ring learning with errors assumption without random oracle.
采用求解薛定谔方程方法和微扰理论,研究强啁啾脉冲光场作用下激发-电离模型中电离光电子的量子特性。结果表明:当光场啁啾因子为零时,量子体系的电离光电子谱线分裂为两条对称的谱线;当啁啾因子不为零时,谱线分裂出现不对称分布。在正啁啾状况下,增大啁啾因子,电离谱中慢电子谱线的强度逐渐减弱,而快电子谱线的强度逐渐增强;在负啁啾状况下,增大啁啾因子,则快电子谱线的强度逐渐减弱,而慢电子谱线的强度逐渐增强。当正负啁啾因子分别达到一定数值时,电离光电子谱中只能探测到快电子谱线或慢电子谱线。缀饰态理论分析表明:正啁啾有利于将激发态粒子布居在上缀饰态,而负啁啾则有利于将激发态粒子布居在下缀饰态;改变光场啁啾因子可以调制系统粒子在缀饰态上的选择性布居,进而实现对电离光电子谱的相干调控。