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Series of CPT Resonances with Multifrequency Pumping by a Diode Laser

Савинов Константин Николаевич, Nickolay N. Golovin, Ilya D. Dneprovsky, А. К. Дмитриев, Darya M. Kotina

Published Jun 30, 2022• 0 citations
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Abstract

For the first time, a series of CPT resonances under the simultaneous exposure of microwave and VHF modulation of the injection current of a diode laser with an external cavity, represented by diffraction gratting, was observed. The frequency spacing between resonances was coincided with half of the VHF modulation frequency. The contribution to pumping in this case comes from pairs of VHF components located in different spectral bands and separated from each other by the frequency of hyperfine splitting of ground state of rubidium-87 atom (about 6.8 GHz). The use of multifrequency pumping will make it possible to reduce the light shifts of the observed CPT resonances due to averaging, and the use of a semiconductor laser with an external cavity opens up the possibility of creating a combined optical and radio frequency standard. The dependences of the CPT parameters of resonances on the intensity of the incident radiation are also studied in this work, and the threshold observed in this case is consistent with the results described in the literature. The dependences of the amplitude of CPT resonances on the deviation of the applied VHF modulation have also been studied. The VHF modulation frequency remained unchanged at 34 MHz (1/200 of the clock transition frequency).

DOI
10.1109/edm55285.2022.9855074

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For the first time, a series of CPT resonances under the simultaneous exposure of microwave and VHF modulation of the injection current of a diode laser with an external cavity, represented by diffraction gratting, was observed. The frequency spacing between resonances was coincided with half of the VHF modulation frequency. The contribution to pumping in this case comes from pairs of VHF components located in different spectral bands and separated from each other by the frequency of hyperfine splitting of ground state of rubidium-87 atom (about 6.8 GHz). The use of multifrequency pumping will make it possible to reduce the light shifts of the observed CPT resonances due to averaging, and the use of a semiconductor laser with an external cavity opens up the possibility of creating a combined optical and radio frequency standard. The dependences of the CPT parameters of resonances on the intensity of the incident radiation are also studied in this work, and the threshold observed in this case is consistent with the results described in the literature. The dependences of the amplitude of CPT resonances on the deviation of the applied VHF modulation have also been studied. The VHF modulation frequency remained unchanged at 34 MHz (1/200 of the clock transition frequency).
Abstract The paper presents the results of studying the coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances observed in a cell with 87Rb vapor with addition of a buffer gas under multifrequency excitation by radiation from an external cavity diode laser (ECDL). The laser diode injection current is modulated simultaneously by microwave (MW) and very high-frequency (VHF) signals. It has been revealed that, for a certain band of VHF modulation frequencies, the amplitude of a CPT resonance is proportional to the product of the electrical field strengths of the spectral components contributing to resonance excitation. The proposed model of calculating the resonance amplitude is in good agreement with experimental data.
This letter presents for the first time a systematic study of an atomic frequency standard based on coherent population trapping (CPT) effect in87Rb vapour optically pumped with a multifrequency laser radiation formed with sidebands of a single-frequency laser whose injection current is modulated at a subharmonic frequency (1/2-1/6) relative to the frequency of hyperfine ground state splitting. Measured are the CPT resonance parameters and the atomic clock short-term stability at different subharmonic frequencies of microwave modulation. The possibility of CPT resonance light shift suppression is experimentally demonstrated at modulation frequencies between 1/3 and 1/5 of the resonant frequency for continuous wave optical pumping of the87Rb vapour D1 line. Analyzed are the capabilities and potential of reduced energy consumption of atomic clocks when CPT resonance in rubidium vapour is excited at subharmonic modulation frequencies.
Presented for the first time is our research into reduction of energy consumption of miniaturised Rb atomic clocks based on coherent population trapping (CPT) effect at lowered microwave modulation frequency. We studied properties of a CPT-based atomic frequency standard pumped with multi-frequency radiation from sidebands of a single-frequency semiconductor laser whose injection current was modulated at subharmonics (1/2–1/6) of the frequency of Rb hyperfine ground state splitting. Pumping by third-order sidebands is the optimum when the atomic clock stability drops only slightly (by 11%), whereas energy consumption of the microwave components is reduced by a factor of 1.5.