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Chinese Physics B

Quantum steerability of two qubits mediated by one-dimensional plasmonic waveguides

Ye-Qi Zhang, Xiao-Ting Ding, Jiao Sun, Tianhu Wang

Published Aug 19, 2022• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We study the dynamics of the quantum steering between two separated qubits trapped in a one-dimensional plasmonic waveguide. By numerical methods, we calculate the quantum steerability and other quantum correlations, i.e., entanglement, discord, and coherence, for both cases with and without laser driving fields. It is found that steerability may exhibit a sudden disappearance and sudden reappearance phenomenon. Specifically, there exist time windows with no steerability but finite entanglement. The effects of plasmon wavenumber and the distance between the two qubits on steerability are also examined. Furthermore, we show that quantum steerability is tunable by adjusting the laser driving fields.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/ac8af8

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We study the dynamics of the quantum steering between two separated qubits trapped in a one-dimensional plasmonic waveguide. By numerical methods, we calculate the quantum steerability and other quantum correlations, i.e., entanglement, discord, and coherence, for both cases with and without laser driving fields. It is found that steerability may exhibit a sudden disappearance and sudden reappearance phenomenon. Specifically, there exist time windows with no steerability but finite entanglement. The effects of plasmon wavenumber and the distance between the two qubits on steerability are also examined. Furthermore, we show that quantum steerability is tunable by adjusting the laser driving fields.
Abstract We investigate the generation of quantum steering and nonlocality in a two-qubit system mediated by a one-dimensional plasmonic waveguide, with the qubits initially prepared in the ground state. Our results show that forward-asymmetric driving fields are particularly effective in generating quantum steering, producing higher peak values and an extended temporal duration compared to symmetric or reverse-driving cases. In addition, we find that quantum nonlocality can be generated under configurations where one forward-driving and one reverse-driving field are applied with unequal strengths. We determine the distinct optimal coupling strengths for maximizing transient steerability and steady-state steerability respectively, which may be beneficial for experimental implementation. Interestingly, a comparison between different initial qubit states (the ground state and maximally entangled state) shows that initial entanglement is not necessary for achieving steady-state steering, as both states produce nearly identical outcomes.
We investigate the dynamics of quantum coherence and quantum correlation of two qubits mediated by a one-dimensional plasmonic waveguide. The analytical expression of the dissipative dynamics of the two qubits is obtained for the initial X state. The dynamical behaviors of the quantum coherence and quantum correlation are shown to be largely dependent on the parameters of the initial state. Starting from a product state, quantum coherence and quantum correlation can be induced by the plasmonic waveguide. Under continuous drivings, steady quantum correlation can be obtained at specific distance larger than the operating wavelength and large values of steady quantum coherence are attainable at arbitrary distance. The detuning effect on the dissipation-driven generation of steady quantum coherence and quantum correlation is also explored.
Entanglement between two qubits (two level atoms) mediated by surface plasmons in three-dimensional plasmonic waveguides is studied using a quantum master equation formalism. Two types of waveguides, a nanowire and a V-shaped channel cut in a flat metal plane, are considered. The Green functions for the waveguides, which rigorously describes the dissipative qubit environment, are calculated numerically using a direct finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solution of Maxwell's equations. Finite-length effects are shown to play a crucial role in enhancing entanglement, and resonant-length plasmonic waveguides can provide higher entanglement between qubits than infinite-length waveguides. It is also shown that coupling slots can improve entanglement via stronger qubit-waveguide coupling, for both the infinite- and finite-waveguide cases. The formalism used in the paper can be applied to a wide range of plasmonic waveguides.
Abstract. We report on quantum, classical, and total correlations in a set of distant quantum emitters coupled via their interaction with the plasmon modes of a one-dimensional waveguide driven by an external laser field. The coupling of the emitters with the plasmonic modes and its influence on the collective decay rate suggest that entanglement does not play a significant role in the qubit dynamics. Rather, discord is the quantity that matters and should be harnessed as a resource. PACS numbers: 03.65.Ud, 03.67.Lx, 42.79.Gn 1.