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Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Scattering laser light from two resonant quantum dots in a photonic crystal waveguide

Joel Q. Grim, Ian Welland, Sam Carter, Allan S. Bracker, Andrew L. Yeats, Chul Soo Kim, Mijin Kim, Kha Tran, I. Vurgaftman, T. L. Reinecke

Published Aug 15, 2022• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate the scattering of laser light from two InAs quantum dots coupled to a photonic crystal waveguide, which is achieved by strain-tuning the optical transitions of the dots into mutual resonance. By performing measurements of the intensity and photon statistics of transmitted laser light before and after tuning the dots into resonance, we show that the nonlinearity is enhanced by scattering laser light from two dots. In addition to providing a means of manipulating few-photon optical nonlinearities, our approach establishes opportunities for multiemitter quantum optics in a solid-state platform.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.106.l081403

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We demonstrate the scattering of laser light from two InAs quantum dots coupled to a photonic crystal waveguide, which is achieved by strain-tuning the optical transitions of the dots into mutual resonance. By performing measurements of the intensity and photon statistics of transmitted laser light before and after tuning the dots into resonance, we show that the nonlinearity is enhanced by scattering laser light from two dots. In addition to providing a means of manipulating few-photon optical nonlinearities, our approach establishes opportunities for multiemitter quantum optics in a solid-state platform.
We demonstrate scattering of laser light from two InAs quantum dots coupled to a photonic crystal waveguide, which is achieved by strain-tuning the optical transitions of the dots into mutual resonance. By performing measurements of the intensity and photon statistics of transmitted laser light before and after tuning the dots into resonance, we show that the nonlinearity is enhanced by collective scattering. In addition to providing a means of manipulating few-photon optical nonlinearities, our approach establishes new opportunities for multi-emitter quantum optics in a solid-state platform.
Coherent photon-emitter interfaces offer a way to mediate efficient nonlinear photon-photon interactions, much needed for quantum information processing. Here we experimentally study the case of a two-level emitter, a quantum dot, coupled to a single optical mode in a nanophotonic waveguide. We carry out few-photon transport experiments and record the statistics of the light to reconstruct the scattering matrix elements of one- and two-photon components. This provides direct insight to the complex nonlinear photon interaction that contains rich many-body physics.
The generation of indistinguishable single photons and control of photon-photon interactions are key requirements for photonic quantum networks. Nano-photonic waveguide-based architectures, in which few-level solid state systems provide both single photon generation and the nonlinearity through which two or more photons interact, offer a scalable route to such networks. However, it is a challenge to maintain the optical quality of the embedded photon sources whilst also providing fine-tuning of the emission frequency and optical nonlinearity in a waveguide geometry. We demonstrate a tunable solid-state platform for scalable photonic quantum networks which allows local electrical control of both single photon generation and optical nonlinearity at the single photon level. Electrical tuning and switching of coherent photon scattering from a quantum dot embedded in a nano-photonic waveguide is demonstrated, with a transmission extinction as large as 40±2% measured on resonance. Observation of a clear, voltage-controlled bunching signal in the photon statistics of the transmitted light demonstrates the single photon character of the nonlinearity. The deterministic nature of the nonlinearity is particularly attractive for the future realization of photonic gates for scalable nano-photonic waveguide-based quantum information processing.
We show that quantum dot intersublevel transitions can be coupled to midinfrared photonic crystal modes. The coupling is observed under optical pumping with S-P intersublevel transitions of InGaAs self-assembled quantum dots resonant around 20 μm wavelength. An enhancement in the intersublevel absorption and a spectral tuning are evidenced when the optical modes of two-dimensional photonic crystals enter in resonance with the photoinduced intersublevel absorption. This effect is illustrated in the case of GaAs two-dimensional photonic crystal membranes with lattice periodicities of 10.5, 9.5, and 8.5 μm containing multilayers of self-assembled quantum dots.
We coherently probe a quantum dot that is strongly coupled to a photonic crystal nano-cavity by scattering of a resonant laser beam. The coupled system's response is highly nonlinear as the quantum dot saturates with nearly one photon per cavity lifetime. This system enables large amplitude and phase shifts of a signal beam via a control beam, both at single photon levels. We demonstrate photon-photon interactions with short pulses in a system that is promising for ultra-low power switches and two-qubit quantum gates.