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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Optically Induced Static Magnetic Field for Nitrogen-vacancy Centers in Diamond

Farid Kalhor, Shoaib Mahmud, Noah Opondo, Leif Bauer, Pronoy Das, Li‐Ping Yang, Sunil Ashok Bhave, Zubin Jacob

Published Jan 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate a room-temperature optically induced magnetic field for nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. The effective magnetic field i s d etermined b y the photonic spin density of a red-detuned optical excitation. This opens a new frontier for studying exotic phases of photons as well as future on-chip applications.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2022.fth4m.6

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Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as promising room temperature quantum sensors for probing condensed matter phenomena ranging from spin liquids, 2D magnetic materials, and magnons to hydrodynamic flow of current. Here, we propose and demonstrate that the NV center in diamond can be used as a quantum sensor for detecting the photonic spin density. We demonstrate this probe both for the case of a single NV center and an ensemble of NV centers. The spinning field of light induces an effective static magnetic field in the spin qubit probe. We perform room-temperature sensing using Bloch sphere operations driven by a microwave field (XY8 protocol) to detect the photonic spin density induced effective static magnetic field.
Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as promising room-temperature quantum sensors for probing condensed matter phenomena ranging from spin liquids, two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials, and magnons to hydrodynamic flow of current.Here we propose and demonstrate that the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond can be used as a quantum sensor for detecting the photonic spin density, the spatial distribution of light's spin angular momentum.We exploit a single spin qubit on an atomic force microscope tip to probe the spinning field of an incident Gaussian light beam.The spinning field of light induces an effective static magnetic field in the single spin qubit probe.We perform room-temperature sensing using Bloch sphere operations driven by a microwave field (XY8 protocol).This nanoscale quantum magnetometer can measure the local polarization of light in ultra-sub-wavelength volumes.We also put forth a rigorous theory of the experimentally measured phase change using the NV center Hamiltonian and perturbation theory involving only virtual photon transitions.The direct detection of the photonic spin density at the nanoscale using NV centers in diamond opens interesting quantum metrological avenues for studying exotic phases of photons, nanoscale properties of structured light as well as future on-chip applications in spin quantum electrodynamics.
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Photonic spin density (PSD) in the near-field gives rise to exotic phenomena such as photonic skyrmions, optical spin-momentum locking and unidirectional topological edge waves. Experimental investigation of these phenomena requires a nanoscale probe that directly interacts with PSD. Here, we propose and demonstrate that the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond can be used as a quantum sensor for detecting the spinning nature of photons. This room temperature magnetometer can measure the local polarization of light in ultra-subwavelength volumes through photon-spin-induced virtual transitions. The direct detection of light's spin density at the nanoscale using NV centers in diamond opens a new frontier for studying exotic phases of photons as well as future on-chip applications.
Coherent population trapping at zero magnetic field was observed for nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond under optical excitation. This was measured as a reduction in photoluminescence when the detuning between two excitation lasers matched the 2.88 GHz crystal-field splitting of the color center ground states. This behavior is highly sensitive to strain, which modifies the excited states, and was unexpected following recent experiments demonstrating optical readout of single nitrogen-vacancy electron spins based on cycling transitions. These results demonstrate for the first time that three-level Lambda configurations suitable for proposed quantum information applications can be realized simultaneously for all four orientations of nitrogen-vacancy centers at zero magnetic field.