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Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

Entanglement between a telecom photon and a spin-Wave solid-state multimode quantum memory

Jelena V. Rakonjac, Dario Lago-Rivera, Alessandro Seri, Margherita Mazzera, Samuele Grandi, Hugues de Riedmatten

Published Jan 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate entanglement between a telecom photon and a solid-state multimode quantum memory. The entanglement is maintained for an optical excitation (with a fidelity high enough to violate a Bell inequality) and a spin-wave excitation.
DOI
10.1364/quantum.2022.qm4b.5

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Entanglement between photons at telecommunication wavelengths and long-lived quantum memories is one of the fundamental requirements of long-distance quantum communication. Quantum memories featuring on-demand readout and multimode operation are additional precious assets that will benefit the communication rate. In this Letter, we report the first demonstration of entanglement between a telecom photon and a collective spin excitation in a multimode solid-state quantum memory. Photon pairs are generated through widely nondegenerate parametric down-conversion, featuring energy-time entanglement between the telecom-wavelength idler and a visible signal photon. The latter is stored in a Pr^{3+}:Y_{2}SiO_{5} crystal as a spin wave using the full atomic frequency comb scheme. We then recall the stored signal photon and analyze the entanglement using the Franson scheme. We measure conditional fidelities of 92(2)% for excited-state storage, enough to violate a Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality, and 77(2)% for spin-wave storage. Taking advantage of the on-demand readout from the spin state, we extend the entanglement storage in the quantum memory for up to 47.7 μs, which could allow for the distribution of entanglement between quantum nodes separated by distances of up to 10 km.
To establish remote quantum networks, the distribution of entanglement over long distances is required. In order to overcome transmission loss in quantum channels (e.g. optical fibers), quantum repeater architectures have been proposed [1]. The availability of single photons at telecom wavelength entangled with photons stored in long-lived quantum memories for synchronization issues [1] is a crucial resource in this context. In this contribution, we will describe our efforts towards the demonstration of entanglement between a telecom photon and a long-lived spin wave solid-state quantum memory.
Quantum correlations between long-lived quantum memories and telecom photons that can propagate with low loss in optical fibers are an essential resource for the realization of large-scale quantum information networks. Significant progress has been realized in this direction with atomic and solid-state systems. Here, we demonstrate quantum correlations between a telecom photon and a multimode ondemand solid state quantum memory. This is achieved by mapping a correlated single photon onto a spin collective excitation in a Pr 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 crystal for a controllable time. The stored single photons are generated by cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion and heralded by their partner photons at telecom wavelength. These results represent the first demonstration of a multimode on-demand solid state quantum memory for external quantum states of light. They provide an important resource for quantum repeaters and pave the way for the implementation of quantum information networks with distant solid state quantum nodes.