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Physical Review A

Charging performance of quantum batteries in a double-layer environment

Kai Dong Xu, Hong-Guo Li, Zong-Guo Li, Han‐Jie Zhu, Guo‐Feng Zhang, Wu‐Ming Liu

Published Jul 19, 2022• 35 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the process of using quantum resources to improve the performance of quantum battery devices, device performance is highly restricted by decoherence due to the influence of the external environment. In particular, the fact that such devices are subject to complex environmental influences in real scenarios should be taken into account. Here, we investigate the performance (i.e., the internal energy, charging power, and ergotropy) of a quantum battery in a double-layer environment, where the first-layer environment is a single-mode cavity and the second-layer environment is a single reservoir. We are surprised to find that the memory effect of the reservoir does not affect the charging performance of a quantum battery; in sharp contrast, the reduction in the coupling between the quantum battery and the first-layer environment can improve the charging performance of a quantum battery. We then extend our discussion to the case where the second-layer environment consists of multiple reservoirs, each consisting of a single-mode cavity dissipated to the Markovian reservoir. It is shown that the charging performance of the quantum battery can be enhanced by increasing the number of cavities in the second-layer environment and the coupling strength between the first-layer environment and the second-layer environment. Our results may be helpful for realizing optimal charging performance of quantum batteries in a complex environment.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.106.012425

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In the process of using quantum resources to improve the performance of quantum battery devices, device performance is highly restricted by decoherence due to the influence of the external environment. In particular, the fact that such devices are subject to complex environmental influences in real scenarios should be taken into account. Here, we investigate the performance (i.e., the internal energy, charging power, and ergotropy) of a quantum battery in a double-layer environment, where the first-layer environment is a single-mode cavity and the second-layer environment is a single reservoir. We are surprised to find that the memory effect of the reservoir does not affect the charging performance of a quantum battery; in sharp contrast, the reduction in the coupling between the quantum battery and the first-layer environment can improve the charging performance of a quantum battery. We then extend our discussion to the case where the second-layer environment consists of multiple reservoirs, each consisting of a single-mode cavity dissipated to the Markovian reservoir. It is shown that the charging performance of the quantum battery can be enhanced by increasing the number of cavities in the second-layer environment and the coupling strength between the first-layer environment and the second-layer environment. Our results may be helpful for realizing optimal charging performance of quantum batteries in a complex environment.
How to improve charging processes and suppress self-discharging processes has always been one of the key issues to achieve quantum batteries with high performance. Although a quantum battery is inevitably influenced by composite environments, this situation is still little understood, particularly regarding the influence of the memory effect of the composite environments and the coupling between composite environments. In this work, we investigate the effects of the composite environments, composed of two identical parts each containing a single cavity mode decaying to a reservoir, on the charging and self-discharging processes of a quantum battery. We show that increasing the two-mode coupling can effectively enhance the charging performance (i.e., the stored energy, the charging power, ergotropy) and restrain the self-discharging process (i.e., suppressing the process of dissipating the energy). However, different from the effect of two-mode coupling, we reveal that the memory effect of the reservoir in this composite environment is unfavorable to the charging process of the quantum battery, which is in sharp contrast to previous studies where the memory effect can significantly improve the charging performance of a quantum battery. Our results may benefit to the realization of quantum batteries with high performance under the actual complex environmental noise.
In quantum mechanics, quantum batteries are devices that can store energy by utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics. While quantum batteries has been investigated largely theoretical, recent research indicates that it may be possible to implement such a device using existing technologies. The environment plays an important role in the charging of quantum batteries. If a strong coupling exists between the environment and the battery, then battery can be charged properly. It has also been demonstrated that quantum battery can be charged even in weak coupling regime just by choosing a suitable initial state for battery and charger. In this study, we investigate the charging process of open quantum batteries mediated by a common dissipative environment. We will consider a wireless-like charging scenario, where there is no external power and direct interaction between charger and battery. Moreover, we consider the case in which the battery and charger move inside the environment with a particular speed. Our results demonstrate that the movement of the quantum battery inside the environment has a negative effect on the performance of the quantum batteries during the charging process. It is also shown that the non-Markovian environment has a positive effect on improving battery performance.
We investigate the charging process of open quantum battery in the weak system-environment coupling regime. A method to improve the performance of open quantum battery in a reservoir environment, which described by a band-gap environment model or a two-Lorentzian environment model, is proposed by manipulating the spectral density of environment. We find that the optimal quantum battery, characterized by fast charging time and large ergotropy, in the band-gap environment can be obtained by increasing the weights of two Lorentzians and the spectral width of the second Lorentzian, which is in sharp contrast to the quantum battery in two-Lorentzian environment. Then we extend our discussion to multiple coupled reservoir environments, which are composed of N coupled dissipative cavities. We show that, the performance of quantum battery can be enhanced by increasing the coupling strength between the nearest-neighbor environments and decreasing the size of the environments. In particular, to fully charge and extract the total stored energy as work for quantum battery can be achieved by manipulating the coupling strength between the nearest-neighbor environments. Our results provide a practical approach for the realization of the optimal quantum batteries in future experiments.
In the context of quantum information, a quantum battery refers to a system composed of quantum particles that can store and release energy in a way that is governed by the principles of quantum mechanics. The study of open quantum batteries is motivated by the fact that real-world quantum systems are almost never perfectly isolated from their environment. One important challenge in the study of open quantum batteries is to develop theoretical models that accurately capture the complex interactions between the battery and its environment. the goal of studying open quantum batteries is to develop practical methods for building and operating quantum devices that can store and release energy with high efficiency and reliability, even in the presence of environmental noise and other sources of decoherence. The charging process of open quantum batteries under the influence of dissipative environment will be studied. In this Work, the effect of the classical driving field on the charging process of open quantum batteries will be investigated. The classical driving field can be used to manipulate the charging and discharging process of the battery, leading to enhanced performance and improved efficiency. It also will be showed that the efficiency of open quantum batteries depends on detuning between the qubit and the classical driving field and central frequency of the cavity and the classical driving field.
We study the charging process of open quantum batteries mediated by a common dissipative environment in two different scenarios. In the first case, we consider a quantum charger-battery model in the presence of a non-Markovian environment, where the battery can be properly charged in a strong coupling regime, without any external power and any direct interaction with the charger, i.e., a wireless-like charging happens. The environment plays a major role in the charging of the battery, while this does not happen in a weak coupling regime. In the second scenario, we show the effect of individual and collective spontaneous emission rates on the charging process of quantum batteries by considering a two-qubit system in the presence of Markovian dynamics. Our results demonstrate that open batteries can be satisfactorily charged in Markovian dynamics by employing an underdamped regime and/or strong external fields. We also present a robust battery by taking into account subradiant states and an intermediate regime. Moreover, we propose an experimental setup to explore the ergotropy in the first scenario.
Abstract The performance of quantum technologies that use entanglement and coherence as a resource is highly limited by the effects of decoherence due to their interaction with some environment. In particular, it is important to take into account situations where such devices unavoidably interact with surrounding. Here, we study memory effects on energy and ergotropy of quantum batteries in the framework of open system dynamics, where the battery and charger are individually allowed to access a bosonic environment. Our investigation shows that the battery can be fully charged as well as its energy can be preserved for long times in non-Markovian dynamics compared with Markovian dynamics. Moreover, the non-Markovianity increase makes it possible to extract the total stored energy as work and the discharge time becomes longer. Our results indicate that memory effects can play a significant role in improving the performance of quantum batteries.