The rapid advancements in miniature electronics, wireless networks, and sensor networks, and embedded computing have revolutionized all real-time application scenarios. One such most obligatory application at present is remote health care. This is made possible via Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs), hopeful in remote health care and assistance. These networks carry personal as well as life-critical information of the users. Hence stringent security mechanisms are required to safeguard these data from intruders. This paper presents a high-level security mechanism based on quantum cryptography for WBANs. A brief comparison of its performance with the enhanced BB84 QKD protocol in terms of efficiency and time complexity analysis. The efficiency and complexity order of the proposed EB92 protocol turned out to be 29% and 2, respectively in contrast to the existing EBB84 which resulted in 42% and 2.86 of the same. Furthermore, the security analysis is done concerning the Time-shift quantum attack.
The rapid advancements in miniature electronics, wireless networks, and sensor networks, and embedded computing have revolutionized all real-time application scenarios. One such most obligatory application at present is remote health care. This is made possible via Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs), hopeful in remote health care and assistance. These networks carry personal as well as life-critical information of the users. Hence stringent security mechanisms are required to safeguard these data from intruders. This paper presents a high-level security mechanism based on quantum cryptography for WBANs. A brief comparison of its performance with the enhanced BB84 QKD protocol in terms of efficiency and time complexity analysis. The efficiency and complexity order of the proposed EB92 protocol turned out to be 29% and 2, respectively in contrast to the existing EBB84 which resulted in 42% and 2.86 of the same. Furthermore, the security analysis is done concerning the Time-shift quantum attack.
A system of wirelessly communicative sensors embedded in a person's clothing. In order to remotely monitor and treat a patient's health, sensor devices are embedded in clothing, skin, and the human body itself. Healthcare, the military, sports, and remote treatment are just a few of the modern WBSN applications. It improves people's quality of life by allowing for more precise and quicker disease diagnosis as well as more timely care and more effective treatment. Even if a patient is far away from medical care, WBSN can still save their life. Despite the numerous benefits that WBSN technology brings to healthcare systems, there are legitimate concerns about security and privacy when it comes to collecting and transmitting physiological data about humans in an open setting. Ensuring the security of physiological data during transmission in a wireless environment is a challenging but crucial task. Key distribution, authentication, data integrity, and data confidentiality are just a few of the many security issues plaguing the WBSN. In tackling the WBSN security issues, this research contributes significantly. Secure transmission in wireless networks and high attack resistance are both provided by the cryptographic computational process. Nevertheless, the unsecure transmission of keys across networks is the sole vulnerability of public and private key cryptography methods. Attackers can easily crack traditional key sharing protocols used by communicating parties. Intruders can compromise the system's security in its entirety if they obtain the secret key. In WBSN, a secure way to generate and distribute secret keys is required. The EBB84QCP is a method for creating and sharing secret keys between communicating parties. Rather than using two prime numbers, the Enhanced and Modified RSA Cryptosystem (EMRSACS) suggests using four prime numbers for key generation, encryption, and decryption. Data transmission in wireless networks still involves a secret quantum key that is used for encryption and decryption of human body sense. The robust secrecy of WBSN is guaranteed by these two improved parameters: four prime numbers and a secret quantum key. Key generation, encryption, decryption, and overall execution time are all significantly longer with the suggested method compared to RSA. It uses more power and memory than is necessary for RSA.
The incorporation of wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs) in medical applications has increased widely in recent years. WBSN provide an effective way to monitor patients’ health data remotely, and they also help to maintain social distancing. Hence, data safety is the utmost concern for maintaining the integrity of sensitive data as these risks can lead towards the life-threatening conditions of the patients, as well. To maintain the required level of security, many traditional cryptographic measures are currently in use; however, they cannot provide the same level of security in the quantum era. Therefore, in this paper, an augmented BB84 quantum cryptography protocol is proposed for secure key generation and distribution between two participating entities in a quantum environment. In addition, to preserve the legitimacy of the users, a hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) is incorporated into the proposed model. Through different analysis including security, key generation time, multiple error rate analysis, and performance analysis, it is evident that the proposed model provides prominent security against DoS attack, replay attack, quantum attack, and known plaintext attack. Moreover, the key generation time (ms) is reduced by 89.38% compared to the existing quantum key agreement scheme. In addition, it achieves an average execution time (ms) for evaluating the protocol at different error rates like 1%, 5%, and 10%, are 0.0198%, 0.0736%, and 0.0385%, respectively, for different key lengths (KB). This demonstrates the robustness, reliability, and security tolerance of the proposed scheme under varying channel noise and attack conditions.
Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs) have rapidly developed to allow real-time health monitoring and remote medical diagnostics with better patient care. However, due to the sensitive nature of the data transferred within WBSNs, more integrated security mechanisms are mandatory, especially against possible attacks by both classical and quantum adversaries. The developments in quantum computing may break the conventional encryption schemes, so it is very important to explore quantum-resistant systems. The paper proposes a new scheme for lattice-based high-security authentication in WBSNs. Lattice-based cryptography provides post-quantum security as it has inherent resistance against quantum attacks and assumptions about the hardness of the computational problem, especially the Learning with Errors problem and the SVP. The architecture proposed strengthens defenses against man-in-the-middle, impersonation, and eavesdropping attacks by authenticating and ensuring that a safe key exchange takes place and that data integrity is achieved. It analyzes the performance, security overhead, and energy economy of LBQC to make sure it is appropriate for such low-power, low-resource contexts. The experimental outcomes validate the applicability of this technique, highlighting how well it will protect WBSNs against attacks from methods developed by quantum computing, and, at the same time, the system will remain resilient and the data confidential.
The requirement of efficient security protocols to protect confidential information from ever evolving cyber threat has been highlighted by the fast implementation of wireless sensor network (WSN) in numerous important domains, including healthcare monitoring, environmental surveillance and military operations. Despite their feasibility, traditional cryptographic approaches are utilized behind the computing capability of recent attackers, including the possibility of future quantum computer attacks. In order to revolutionize WSN security, this study proposes utilizing quantum cryptography and other concepts from quantum computing into the existing framework. This research leads to develop a communication protocol that is extremely safe and against the cyber-attacks. This protocol utilizes the quantum key distribution (QKD) to protect data and granting its confidential. In addition to improving security, the new architectures begin with change that makes WSN more capable of dependable and secure operations in environment where data protection is essential. A complete framework for protecting WSNs from new cyber threats in the future while keeping data transmissions and efficient process with reliability is discussed in this study. This proposed method enhances the dependencies in WSN installation across various industries, which is important for applications that need strong security measures. Evaluation results shows that the proposed method outperformed all existing methods in terms of relevant metrics.
Wireless sensor networks has found its advancement in sensing the physiological parameters of human body through WBAN. Such nodes are either implanted or surface mounted on the human body in a particular position. The main purpose of these networks is to send the data generated by the wearable device outside the WLAN or the Internet. The BAN will continuously monitor the psychological changes like blood volume pressure (BVP), Brain signals etc. Uncertainty in the normal values will result in transmit all the information to the respective recipient to take required treatment. If an emergency is detected, the doctor instantly updates the patient’s health by sending a specific message. There is limited confidentiality, so the intruders will gather sensitive data. Public key cryptography can be used to create an unprotected communication channel. It also provides a convenient way to implement keys. This paper is focusing on a unique key generation technique called Quantum key distribution, which is used to create symmetric key method by using quantum properties of optics to transfer information from one Client to another in One-Time Pad manner. The special feature of the technique is to guarantee that the key cannot be intercepted during transmission without alerting the users to provide high authentication for received data.
The development of the application of making use of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) in medically created systems has presented fresh security concerns, in particular with the advent of quantum computing threatening the conventional cryptographic ideas. To proposes a new model Scalable Quantum-Intelligent Blockchain Framework (SQIBF) and a Deep Quantum Neural Architecture (DQNA) to privacy-preserving healthcare communications. The proposed framework is a synergistic approach of post-quantum lattice-based cryptography, in combination with quantum key protocols distribution schemes with federated quantum machine learning to develop multi-layered security infrastructure of the body sensor networks. We introduce Quantum Enhanced Consensus Mechanism (QECM), which deploys quantum random number generation to deliver Byzantine fault tolerance, and which can withstand symptoms of quantum-enabled parties by 97.5. The DQNA implements variational quantum gate scale used to detect textbook anomalies and categorize confidential medical data variational quantum circuit with a parameterized scale according to parameters to support the 94.3 percent mark on benchmark medical datasets with a differential privacy clarification. Experimental Assessment Simulations on simulated quantum systems and experimental WBAN testbeds have shown that it, SQIBF, can decrease the key establishing latency by approximately 40 percent when compared to classical blockchain methods using resource optimizing biosensors resource exploratory consumptions. Its model ensures the compliance of the HIPAA and GDPR requirements and homomorphic encryption layers with zero-knowledge proofs. Scalability of performance benchmarking implies up to 10,000 active sensor nodes and sub-millisecond finality of transaction. The present work introduces an end-to-end quantum resistant system to facilitate the muchneeded transitional process of quantum computing, distributed ledger technology, and health care IoT and establishes a platform of safe telemedicine infrastructure in the next generation.