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Optics Continuum

Theoretical study on fast and slow light effects in semiconductor optical amplifiers under assist light injection

Yu Jiang, Zhen Li, Cui Qin

Published Jun 21, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, the fast and slow light effect of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) under assist light injection is theoretically analyzed. Coherent population oscillation (CPO) is used to induce fast and slow light effect in the theoretical model. The effects of parameters such as modulation frequency, modulation current and assist optical power on phase delay are investigated under the assist light injection. These effects are then compared with the case without assist light injection. The simulation results show that the injection of assist light can increase the phase delay of the output optical signal and enhance the slow light effect. Furthermore, when the assist light optical power is in the range of 0–15 dBm, the slow light effect is strong.

DOI
10.1364/optcon.463990

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In this paper, the fast and slow light effect of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) under assist light injection is theoretically analyzed. Coherent population oscillation (CPO) is used to induce fast and slow light effect in the theoretical model. The effects of parameters such as modulation frequency, modulation current and assist optical power on phase delay are investigated under the assist light injection. These effects are then compared with the case without assist light injection. The simulation results show that the injection of assist light can increase the phase delay of the output optical signal and enhance the slow light effect. Furthermore, when the assist light optical power is in the range of 0–15 dBm, the slow light effect is strong.
In this paper, the slow and fast light (SFL) effects of the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) having certain facet reflections are theoretically investigated. The theoretical model is used to account for the SFL phenomenon causing the coherent population oscillation. The influence of the current modulation frequency, the value of the current, the linewidth enhancement factor, facet reflectivity as well as the relative phase of the modulated current on the phase delay in the SOA are studied. It is demonstrated that the SFL effect could be controlled by the modulation frequency, the value and relative phase of the current. Finally, it is shown that the magnitude of the SFL delay could be tuned by a change in the linewidth enhancement factor as well as the facet reflectivity of the SOA.
We present a theoretical study of the slow and fast light propagation in semiconductor optical amplifiers based on coherent population oscillations. By modulating the injection current to force the population oscillations we can modify the delay or advancement of light signals. Specifically, it is shown that the relative phase of the optical signal to the bias current modulations can be used as a knob for changing light propagation from delay to advancement. In addition, we analyze the effect of the modulation current for slow light in vertical cavity surface emission lasers (VCSELs) by taking into account the cavity effects. It is shown that the change of the depth of the modulation allows to tune the structural resonance, which in turn produces an enhancement of the delay.
Slow and fast light in quantum-well (QW) and quantum-dot (QD) semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) using nonlinear quantum optical effects are presented.We demonstrate electrical and optical controls of fast light using the coherent population oscillation (CPO) and four wave mixing (FWM) in the gain regime of QW SOAs.We then consider the dependence on the wavelength and modal gain of the pump in QW SOAs.To enhance the tunable photonic delay of a single QW SOA, we explore a serial cascade of multiple amplifiers.A model for the number of QW SOAs in series with variable optical attenuation is developed and matched to the experimental data.We demonstrate the scaling law and the bandwidth control by using the serial cascade of multiple QW SOAs.Experimentally, we achieve a phase change of 160 • and a scaling factor of four at 1 GHz using the cascade of four QW SOAs.Finally, we investigate CPO and FWM slow and fast light of QD SOAs.The experiment shows that the bandwidth of the time delay as a function of the modulation frequency changes in the absorption and gain regimes due to the carrier-lifetime variation.The tunable phase shift in QD SOA is compared between the ground-and first excited-state transitions with different modal gains.
We developed a predictive model describing harmonic generation and intermodulation distortions in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). This model takes into account the variations of the saturation parameters along the propagation axis inside the SOA, and uses a rigorous expression of the gain oscillations harmonics. We derived the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of a slow light delay line based on coherent population oscillation (CPO) effects, in a frequency range covering radar applications (from 40 kHz up to 30 GHz), and for a large range of injected currents. The influence of the high order distortions in the input microwave spectrum is discussed, and in particular, an interpretation of the SFDR improvement of a Mach-Zehnder modulator by CPOs effects in a SOA is given.
Optoelectronic technology played a pivotal role in the unprecedented information revolution in the past two decades. One of the remaining grand challenges is the ability to store an optical signal in optical format. So slowing down the velocity of light have recently attracted substantial interest. In various mechanisms of slow light generation, semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) attracts much attention because it offers the advantage of compactness, room temperature operation, electric-optical controllable and easy integration with existing optical communication systems. In this paper, slow light generation in SOA using four wave mixing (FWM) effect is analyzed. The dynamic changes of the signal light time delay with the outside controllable parameters, such as the injection current into SOA, the pump light power, the detuning frequency between pump light and signal light, are numerically solved on the basis of the theory of refractive modulation-index and the sub-sections model of SOA. This method has the advantage of accurate simulated results and providing the explicit relationships between the controllable parameters with the signal light time delay for the practical experiment.