We study the ground state of the rotating spinor condensate and show that for slow rotation the ground state of the ferromagnetic spinor condensate is a coreless vortex. While the coreless vortex is not topologically stable, we show that there is an energetic threshold for the creation of a coreless vortex. This threshold corresponds to a critical rotation frequency that vanishes as the system size increases. Also, we demonstrate the dramatically different behavior of the spinor condensate with the antiferromagnetic interactions. For antiferromagnetic spinor condensate the angular momentum as a function of rotation frequency exhibits the familiar discrete staircase behavior, but in contrast to an ordinary condensate the first step is to the state with angular momentum of $1/2$ per particle.We study the ground state of the rotating spinor condensate and show that for slow rotation the ground state of the ferromagnetic spinor condensate is a coreless vortex. While the coreless vortex is not topologically stable, we show that there is an energetic threshold for the creation of a coreless vortex. This threshold corresponds to a critical rotation frequency that vanishes as the system size increases. Also, we demonstrate the dramatically different behavior of the spinor condensate with the antiferromagnetic interactions. For antiferromagnetic spinor condensate the angular momentum as a function of rotation frequency exhibits the familiar discrete staircase behavior, but in contrast to an ordinary condensate the first step is to the state with angular momentum of $1/2$ per particle.

arXiv:cond-mat/0208078Physical Review ANov 11, 200259 citations

Rotating condensates

C. J. Pethick, H. Smith

Cambridge University Press eBooksSep 11, 20080 citations

Condensates in a twist

Daniel S. Rokhsar

NatureOct 1, 19991 citation

Consequence of Superfluidity on the Expansion of a Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensate

Mark Edwards, Charles W. Clark, P. Pedri +2 more

We propose an easily detectable signature of superfluidity in rotating, vortex-free gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates. We have studied the time evolution of the expansion of such a condensate after it is released from the confining trap. We find that if such a condensate is not initially rotating, then at some moment it will instantaneously achieve a circular cross section. If the condensate is initially rotating its irrotational flow and the conservation of angular momentum prevent the released condensate from attaining a circular cross section, since the instantaneous moment of inertia is then proportional to the asymmetry of this cross section.We propose an easily detectable signature of superfluidity in rotating, vortex-free gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates. We have studied the time evolution of the expansion of such a condensate after it is released from the confining trap. We find that if such a condensate is not initially rotating, then at some moment it will instantaneously achieve a circular cross section. If the condensate is initially rotating its irrotational flow and the conservation of angular momentum prevent the released condensate from attaining a circular cross section, since the instantaneous moment of inertia is then proportional to the asymmetry of this cross section.

arXiv:cond-mat/0106080Physical Review LettersJan 31, 200227 citations

Hotter condensates

Ryan Balili, David W. Snoke

Physics WorldSep 1, 20070 citations

Observation of Vortex Nucleation in a Rotating Two-Dimensional Lattice of Bose-Einstein Condensates

R. A. Williams, Sarah Al-Assam, Christopher J. Foot

We report the observation of vortex nucleation in a rotating optical lattice. A 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate was loaded into a static two-dimensional lattice and the rotation frequency of the lattice was then increased from zero. We studied how vortex nucleation depended on optical lattice depth and rotation frequency. For deep lattices above the chemical potential of the condensate we observed a linear dependence of the number of vortices created with the rotation frequency, even below the thermodynamic critical frequency required for vortex nucleation. At these lattice depths the system formed an array of Josephson-coupled condensates. The effective magnetic field produced by rotation introduced characteristic relative phases between neighboring condensates, such that vortices were observed upon ramping down the lattice depth and recombining the condensates.We report the observation of vortex nucleation in a rotating optical lattice. A 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate was loaded into a static two-dimensional lattice and the rotation frequency of the lattice was then increased from zero. We studied how vortex nucleation depended on optical lattice depth and rotation frequency. For deep lattices above the chemical potential of the condensate we observed a linear dependence of the number of vortices created with the rotation frequency, even below the thermodynamic critical frequency required for vortex nucleation. At these lattice depths the system formed an array of Josephson-coupled condensates. The effective magnetic field produced by rotation introduced characteristic relative phases between neighboring condensates, such that vortices were observed upon ramping down the lattice depth and recombining the condensates.

arXiv:1001.0865Physical Review LettersFeb 5, 2010112 citations

1/2

per particle.