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Springer eBooks

Relaxation Processes

V. M. Akulin, N. V. Karlov

Published Jan 1, 1992• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-61241-1_4

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Physical Review•Feb 15, 1961•8 citations
We reconstruct the time dependent quantum map corresponding to the relaxation process of a twospin system in liquid-state NMR at room temperature.By means of quantum tomography techniques that handle informational incomplete data, we show how to properly post-process and normalize the measurements data for the simulation of quantum information processing, overcoming the unknown number of molecules prepared in a non-equilibrium magnetization state (N j ) by an initial sequence of radiofrequency pulses.From the reconstructed quantum map, we infer both longitudinal (T 1 ) and transversal (T 2 ) relaxation times, and introduce the J-coupling relaxation times (T T , J J 1 2 ), which are relevant for quantum information processing simulations.We show that the map associated to the relaxation process cannot be assumed approximated unital and trace-preserving for times greater than T .
Cross relaxation effects in ruby maser crystals are treated by introduction of a cross relaxation probability in the rate equations. Detailed solutions have been obtained for several specific processes and compared to recent experiments. It is shown that cross relaxation can improve maser performance even in the absence of impurity doping. Pulse experiments at 0.06 and 0.14% chromium ion concentrations in a ruby traveling wave maser are interpreted in terms of a five-spin process in addition to a four-spin process.