Quantum Metrology

Jing Liu, Zhang Mao, Hongzhen Chen +2 more

Abstract Quantum metrology can achieve far better precision than classical metrology, and is one of the most important applications of quantum technologies in the real world. To attain the highest precision promised by quantum metrology, all steps of the schemes need to be optimized, which include the state preparation, parametrization, and measurement. Here the recent progresses on the optimization of these steps, which are essential for the identification and achievement of the ultimate precision limit in quantum metrology, are reviewed. It is hoped this provides a useful reference for the researchers in quantum metrology and related fields.

Haidong Yuan, Chi‐Hang Fred Fung

Various strategies exist in quantum metrology, such as with or without ancillary system, with a fixed or optimized measurement, with or without monitoring the environment, etc. Different set of tools are usually needed for different strategies. In this article, we provide a unified framework for these different settings, in particular we introduce a quantum metrology matrix and show that the precision limits of different settings can all be obtained from the trace or the trace norm of the quantum metrology matrix. Furthermore, the probe state enters into the quantum metrology matrix linearly, which makes the identification of the optimal probe states, one of the main quests in quantum metrology, much more efficient than conventional methods.

Jacob M. Taylor

Mauro Paternostro, Diogo de Oliveira Soares Pinto

Jiahao Huang, Shuyuan Wu, Honghua Zhong +1 more

Quantum metrology is the science that aims to achieve precision measurements by making use of quantum principles. Attribute to the well-developed techniques of manipulating and detecting cold atoms, cold atomic systems provide an excellent platform for implementing precision quantum metrology. In this chapter, we review the general procedures of quantum metrology and some experimental progresses in quantum metrology with cold atoms. Firstly, we give the general framework of quantum metrology and the calculation of quantum Fisher information, which is the core of quantum parameter estimation. Then, we introduce the quantum interferometry with single and multiparticle states. In particular, for some typical multiparticle states, we analyze their ultimate precision limits and show how quantum entanglement could enhance the measurement precision beyond the standard quantum limit. Further, we review some experimental progresses in quantum metrology with cold atomic systems.