Collective Model

Yidong Chen, Marius Junge

One of the challenges in quantum information science is to control open quantum systems with a large number of qubits. An important aspect of many-body systems is the emergence of collective phenomena. One collective noise model is an open atomic system in an electromagnetic environment. This model was considered by Dicke in the 50's Dicke. In this paper, we study the entropic decay in Dicke's model and other related collective noise models. Specifically, we develop a general framework to estimate the spectral gap and modified logarithmic Sobolev constant of these collective noise models. In addition, we study the necessary mixing conditions a general Dicke's model must satisfy in order to have a unique equilibrium state. The combination of representation theory and entropy estimates could be a guideline to study more general collective noise models.

Kenjiro Takada, S. Tazaki, Seiichi Yasumoto

In order to truncate a high-dimensional Hilbert space for a many-nucleon shell model to a small collective subspace, we carry out a Dyson-type boson mapping and select a small number of collective bosons. In this way, we can divide the Dyson boson Hamiltonian into collective and non-collective parts; the latter includes the renormalization of the coupling effects between the collective and non-collective degrees of freedom. The boson Hamiltonian thus obtained is written in terms of the selected collective bosons only. Diagonalizing this boson Hamiltonian and comparing the numerical results with those obtained from exact shell-model calculations for some sd- and pf-shell nuclei, we find that our method gives a good approximation of the exact shell model. It is shown that the coupling effect between the collective and non-collective degrees of freedom plays an essential role. This method is also applied to some heavier pfg-shell nuclei for which it is unfeasible to carry out exact shell-model calculation because of the very large number of dimensions of the Hilbert space. Our numerical results are in very good agreement with experiment.

Gao Yuanyi, F. Catara, A. Vitturi +1 more

K. Muramatsu, Fumihiko Sakata, Toshio Marumori

It is the purpose of the present paper to illustrate the quantum theory of dynamical collective subspace, which has been proposed in a previous paper to describe the large-amplitude collective motion, by using a simple four-level model with the pairing interactions. The quantum theory provides us a prescription to dynamically specify a set of "global" collective operators as well as the "optimum" dynamical collective subspace spanned by them. This prescription is applied to the simple model, and the results thus obtained are compared with exact numerical solutions. It is shown that the results by our theory are in excellent agreement with the exact solutions, not only in the low-lying collective states in the vicinity of the "vacuum" with the stable mean-field but also in the higher excited collective states far from it. Through the investigation, it is demonstrated that our theory is quite powerful in disclosing microscopic structure of transfiguration of collectivity near the critical point of the "phase transition". It is the essential statement derived by our theory that the conventional (local) collective operators based on the Tamm-Dancoff approximation or the random phase approximation should be replaced by relevant (global) collective operators with changeable microscopic structure depending on the amplitude of collective motion, in order to properly specify a set of collective excited states.