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Physics Today

Quantum Computing Journal

Published Aug 1, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The journal Quantum Information and Computation (QIC) made its debut last month. Most papers published in this field currently appear in the Los Alamos electronic preprint archives, and in a handful of journals in the physics, mathematics, and computer sciences arenas, says Hoi-Kwong Lo, one of the new journal’s managing editors and the chief scientist at MagiQ Technologies Inc in New York City. “It is getting difficult to keep track of all those papers and distinguish the good ones from the bad ones. We hope to bring a diverse community together and broaden the perspectives of researchers.” The first issue of QIC, which will appear every two months, focuses on quantum entanglement. The electronic version of the journal will be free until the end of the year and can be accessed online at http://www.rinton.com/journals/qiconline.html.© 2001 American Institute of Physics.

DOI
10.1063/1.2405658

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The journal Quantum Information and Computation (QIC) made its debut last month. Most papers published in this field currently appear in the Los Alamos electronic preprint archives, and in a handful of journals in the physics, mathematics, and computer sciences arenas, says Hoi-Kwong Lo, one of the new journal’s managing editors and the chief scientist at MagiQ Technologies Inc in New York City. “It is getting difficult to keep track of all those papers and distinguish the good ones from the bad ones. We hope to bring a diverse community together and broaden the perspectives of researchers.” The first issue of QIC, which will appear every two months, focuses on quantum entanglement. The electronic version of the journal will be free until the end of the year and can be accessed online at http://www.rinton.com/journals/qiconline.html.© 2001 American Institute of Physics.
Welcome to the inaugural issue of ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing (TQC), a high-impact, peer-reviewed journal that supports the quantum computing community.As the editors-in-chief for TQC, we are delighted to introduce this new journal at a time when quantum computing, and quantum information broadly, are rapidly developing.In recent years, research groups worldwide, as well as both large and small companies, have begun developing quantum computers and computing devices that go beyond the prototype stage toward useful computational tools.The computer science community has already started to understand, evaluate, and build infrastructure around this novel paradigm.Our journal, TQC, is dedicated to providing a central venue for research in this new territory of computer science.The journal aims to publish high-quality papers on both the theory and practice of quantum computing, including but not limited to models of quantum computing, quantum algorithms and complexity, quantum computing architecture, principles and methods of fault-tolerant quantum computation, design automation for quantum computing, issues surrounding compilers for quantum hardware and noisy intermediate-scale quantum implementations, quantum programming languages and systems, distributed quantum computing, quantum networking, quantum security and privacy, and applications (e.g., machine learning and AI) of quantum computing.Quantum computing is interdisciplinary by nature, and the field has been developed from its beginning through the combined effort of researchers from different areas, including computer science, physics, engineering, and mathematics, among many others.We particularly welcome submissions reporting innovative research at the intersection of computer science and these other areas, as well as the application of quantum computing technologies to domains such as quantum simulation, machine learning, and mathematics.We wish to thank the many people who have helped to envision and establish TQC as a highcaliber journal for the quantum community.We are grateful to the members of advisory board for their strong support.We would like to thank our esteemed editorial board members who have joined with enthusiasm in participating in founding this journal.And, of course, we are grateful to the ACM for providing a home for the emerging innovations of quantum computer science.This first issue of TQC presents a collection of five outstanding research papers that capture the breadth and sophistication of quantum computing research.Baker et al. (https://
Guest Editors During the past two decades, there has emerged the new subject of quantum information and computation which both offers the possibility of powerful new modes of computing and communication and also suggests deep links between the well established disciplines of quantum theory and information theory and computer science. In recent years, the growth of the subject has been explosive, with significant progress in theory and experiment. The area has a highly interdisciplinary character with contributions from physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists in particular. Developments have occurred in diverse areas including quantum algorithms, quantum communication, quantum cryptography, entanglement and nonlocality. This progress has been reflected in contributions to Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General which traditionally provides a natural home for this area of research. Furthermore, the journal's committment to this field has recently been strengthened by the appointments of Sandu Popescu and Nicolas Gisin to the Editorial Board, and in this special issue we take the opportunity to present a snapshot of the present state of the art.
For the March–April 2007 issue of Computing in Science & Engineering, I wrote an essay entitled “Quantum Computing Is Exciting and Important—Really!” The essay’s inspiration came from a sardonic disclaimer that Rolf Landauer (1927–99) proposed be added to papers about quantum computing: This proposal, like all proposals for quantum computation, relies on speculative technology, does not in current form take into account all possible sources of noise, unreliability and manufacturing error, and probably will not work. Fourteen years ago I argued that even if Landauer’s skepticism remained valid, the quest to build a quantum computer had already paid off. As supporting evidence, I cited the work of David Wineland and his collaborators at the NIST lab in Boulder, Colorado. Having developed logic gates based on trapped ions, they repurposed the technology to make new, entanglement-based clocks of unprecedented precision (see Physics Today, October 2005, page 24).I also cited the work of Princeton University’s Jason Petta. In developing quantum dots as a platform for quantum computing, he and his collaborators at Harvard University measured the puny fluctuating magnetic field of 106 gallium and arsenic nuclei inside a quantum dot (see Physics Today, March 2006, page 16).Theorists were just as productive, I noted. The work of Caltech’s Alexei Kitaev and others on topological quantum computation has spawned rich and fruitful explorations of the mathematical similarities of field theory, knots, and the fractional quantum Hall effect (see Physics Today, October 2005, page 21). Princeton’s Robert Calderbank applied the theory of quantum error correction to understand radar polarimetry.Physicists continue to advance the field of quantum information. Perhaps the most spectacular recent feat is that of Jian-Wei Pan of the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) and his collaborators. In 2017 their experiment aboard the satellite Micius beamed down pairs of entangled photons to the Chinese cities of Delingha and Lijiang, which are 1200 km apart. “Never has the spooky action of quantum mechanics been observed at so great a distance,” wrote Ashley Smart in his news story (Physics Today, August 2017, page 14).This past summer, the team known as Google AI Quantum and collaborators reported the use of a quantum processor in combination with a classical computer to calculate the binding energy of chains of 6, 8, 10, and 12 atoms of hydrogen and the cis–trans isomerization energy of a diazene molecule, HNNH.The Google team’s calculations are not beyond the abilities of a classical computer. However, in October 2019 the Google team published a report in Nature that described achieving so-called quantum supremacy: Its 53-qubit device made of Josephson junctions took 200 seconds to solve a sampling problem that would take a classical system 104 years. This past December, USTC’s Pan and his collaborators reported a similar feat in Science: Their 76-qubit device based on entangled photons solved a sampling problem 1014 times faster than a classical device could.If Landauer were alive today, would he concede that a quantum computer probably will work? That’s hard to say. The sampling problems tackled by the Google and USTC teams were expressly devised as benchmarks of quantum supremacy. They fall short of a universal quantum computer capable of, say, proving that the Hubbard model is sufficient to account for high-Tc superconductivity or the particles that result when protons and antiprotons collide at 14 TeV in an upgraded LHC.Despite his skepticism about quantum computing, Landauer was a pioneer in investigating the quantum limits of information. One of his most cited papers is his 1961 derivation of the minimum about heat that is dissipated when one bit of information is erased: kT log 2. Section:ChooseTop of page <<© 2021 American Institute of Physics.
The article looks at the Internet resources on quantum computing for librarians, researchers and other individuals. The three categories of quantum computing literature are gee-whiz articles in the popular press, thick textbooks for serious students or dense articles by and for researchers. Also described are two open access resources on the subject, namely, the journal "Theory of Computing" at http://theoryofcomputing.org/ and the online archive arXiv at http://arxiv.org/. Several research centers on quantum computing are enumerated.
Quantum Information Science (QIS) is an interdisciplinary field involving mathematics, computer science, and physics. Appealing aspects include an abundance of accessible open problems, active interest and support from government and industry, and an energetic, open, and collaborative international research culture. We describe our student–faculty joint work in QIS that has led to many student co-authored papers in research journals. We address program structure and funding, and describe the work performed by our students.
This volume is based on lectures delivered at the 2009 AMS Short Course on Quantum Computation and Quantum Information, held January 3-4, 2009, in Washington, D.C. Part I of this volume consists of two papers giving introductory surveys of many of the important topics in the newly emerging field of quantum computation and quantum information, i.e., quantum information science (QIS). The first paper discusses many of the fundamental concepts in QIS and ends with the curious and counter-intuitive phenomenon of entanglement concentration. The second gives an introductory survey of quantum error correction and fault tolerance, QIS's first line of defence against quantum decoherence. Part II consists of four papers illustrating how QIS research is currently contributing to the development of new research directions in mathematics. The first paper illustrates how differential geometry can be a fundamental research tool for the development of compilers for quantum computers. The second paper gives a survey of many of the connections between quantum topology and quantum computation. The last two papers give an overview of the new and emerging field of quantum knot theory, an interdisciplinary research field connecting quantum computation and knot theory. These two papers illustrate surprising connections with a number of other fields of mathematics. In the appendix, an introductory survey article is also provided for those readers unfamiliar with quantum mechanics.