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Science in China Series A-Mathematics Physics Astronomy & Technological Science (in Chinese)

会聚圆偏振强激光作用下的原子行为

维翰 谭, 文清 张

Published Nov 1, 1992• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

文中考虑了在会聚的圆偏振强激光作用下的原子行为,结果表明,圆偏振强激光下的原子势,在r≤R0时为一由R0∝I1/2ω-2决定的均匀势场,而在r≥R0时仍表现为Coulomb势.在此基础上,求解了原子能级移位和波函数的空间分布问题.可以看出,原子束缚能级随激光强度的加大而变浅和分裂,波函数的空间分布也随之剧烈扩大.文中还讨论了一些相关的物理问题.

DOI
10.1360/za1992-22-11-1190

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高保真纠缠态制备是量子信息处理中的关键问题. 本文研究了具有偶极-偶极相互作用的双原子系统中双激发Bell态的全光学解析与鲁棒制备. 在集体态表象下, 体系动力学限制在级联三态子空间内. 通过Morris-Shore(MS) 变换, 可将原三态系统约化为由亮态与对称态构成的有效二态子空间以及一个解耦暗态. 在此基础上, 通过求解MS空间中的传播算符并将其映射回原三态空间, 解析得到了实现目标Bell态制备的脉冲面积条件. 数值结果表明, 虽然不同脉冲面积条件均可实现目标态的高保真制备, 但其制备过程中对应的动力学演化路径及中间态参与机制存在显著差异. 进一步地, 针对单脉冲对方案对脉冲面积误差敏感的问题, 本文提出一种复合脉冲对方案, 将原三态系统中的鲁棒制备转化为有效二态系统中的鲁棒旋转, 从而利用二态系统中的复合脉冲序列对原三态系统中的控制误差进行系统抑制. 结果表明, 该方案能够显著提高目标态制备对脉冲面积误差的鲁棒性; 同时, 复合脉冲对增强的是整体抗误差能力, 而不会改变不同演化路径之间固有的鲁棒性差异. 本文为双激发Bell态的高保真、抗误差全光学制备提供了一种解析可控的理论方案.
利用全量子理论,精确求解了非旋波近似下多个二能级原子与单模光场构成的联合系统态矢量的演化规律,讨论了旋波近似下和非旋波近似下纠缠态在光场与原子之间的转化过程。结果表明:旋波近似下,原子纠缠态与光场纠缠态可以方便的交换传递或保持。非旋波近似下,虚光场效应对纠缠态在腔场与原子之间相互转化的过程有明显的影响:光场纠缠信息传递给原子后腔场未能恢复到真空态;伴随着纠缠态的转化和保持过程,相位有所改变并产生了多项干扰。
Summary form only given. Squeezed light at telecommunication wavelength is important source in the field of quantum information and communication technology, especially for realization of entanglement state with continuous variables. However, erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) used in classical communication systems contains substantially high intensity noise which is much higher than the shot noise level (SNL) due to beat noise of amplified spontaneous emission. Therefore, alternatively, optical parametric oscillators and Cr:YAG lasers have been employed for generation of squeezed light. In this work, we achieved photon number squeezing at 1.55 μm using a noisy EDFA laser as a light source, making use of collinear balanced detection technique, demonstrated by Nose et al.[1]. This technique compensates intensity noise at a specific radio-frequency by means of pulse splitting and recombination with a relative time delay τ. The photocurrent contributed by pulse trains is given by I(t) = I1(t) + I2(t) = I1(t) + I1(t-τ), where I1(t) and I2(t) is the photocurrent contributed by the first and second pules, respectively. The equation does not contain an interference term because any pulse does not temporally overlap each other. In the Fourier domain,we can obtain I(ω) = I1(ω) + I2(ω) = I1(ω) + I1(ω)exp(iωτ) and confirm the photocurrents are added up destructively at ω = π/τ. In our experiment, laser pulses, of which intensity noise is higher than 10dB from SNL, were divided into two parts and each of them experienced self-phase modulation during propagation through two different single-mode optical fibers. We detected the two pulse trains with a relative time delay and observed photon number squeezing a specific frequency. We used a femtosecond fiber laser (Femtolite, IMRA) as a light source. The center wavelength was 1560 nm and the repetition rate was 47.5 MHz. Figure 1 shows the experimental setup. We added time delay τ=1/frep, where frep is the repetition frequency, to one of the two pulse trains and added another delay deltaτ for preventing optical interference. We confirmed that intensity noise of the two pulse trains colineared at a polarization beam splitter (PBS) was coincident to the SNL both before and after fiber propagation at 22MHz. SNL was measured by balanced homodyne detection. We employed nonlinear polarization interferometer to generate squeezed light[2]. For measuring photon number squeezing, a branch ratio at PBS1 and PBS3,4 was adjusted to 90:10 and 95:5, respectively. We constructed another Michelson interferometer after a beam splitter to compensate the difference of fiber length. As a result, a maximum photon-number squeezing of 2.6 dB was obtained when average power was 4mW.